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P. J. Byrne V. E. Ostland J. S. Lumsden D. D. MacPhee H. W. Ferguson 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1995,14(6):509-518
Rainbow trout were experimentally infected with the causative agent of bacterial gill disease (BGD) (Flavobacterium branchiophilum) via bath challenge. All fish were cannulated with dorsal aortic catheters, had nasogastric tubes sutured in place for feeding, and were maintained individually, in plexiglass boxes with a flow-through water system. Fish were either fed, or unfed during the trial. Acute changes in blood gas, serum biochemistry and clinical parameters were monitored. By 24h post-challenge, BGD-infected trout that had been fed had significant hypoxemia, hypercapnia, increased blood ammonia, hypoosmolality, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, and increased cough and respiratory rates when compared to control levels. Unfed BGD-infected trout had similar, but less severe blood gas and clinical changes, and no electrolyte disturbances. The BGD-induced hypoxemia is likely exacerbated by increased oxygen demands brought on by feeding. It is not known what association feeding has with the development of low serum ion levels in BGD-infected trout. This is the first study to report the use of fed fish, as opposed to unfed or starved trout, in obtaining blood chemistry values from indisturbed and cannulated animals. 相似文献
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Ionic conductivity and mechanical properties of a mixed polymer matrix consisting of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and cyanoresin
type M (CRM) with various lithium salts and plasticizer were examined. The CRM used was a copolymer of cyanoethyl pullulan
and cyanoethyl poly(vinyl alcohol) with a molar ratio of 1:1, mixed plasticizer was ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene
carbonate (PC) at a volume ratio of 1:1. The conductive behavior of polymer electrolytes in the temperature range of 298∼338
K was investigated. The PEG/LiClO4 complexes exhibited the highest ionic conductivity of ∼10−5 S/cm at 25°C with the salt concentration of 1.5 M. In addition, the plasticized PEG/LiClO4 complexes exhibited improvement of ionic conductivity. However, their complexes showed decreased mechanical properties. The
improvement of ionic conductivity and mechanical properties could be obtained from the polymer electrolytes by using CRM.
The highest ionic conductivity of PEG/CRM/LiClO4/(EC-PC) was 5.33×10−4 S/cm at 25°C. 相似文献
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The polymeric (a) weak-stabilization (PWST), (b) floccelation (PFL), and (c) stabilization (PST) of ailophane with the anionic xanthan (GX) polysaccharide (He and Horikawa 1996a, b: Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 42, 603-612, 637-644) were investigated further with respect to the effect of 1-1, 2-1, and 1-2 electrolytes (MA). At pH 4.5, the PST was (i) high in 0.1 mM NaCl, MgCl2, ZnCl2, and PbCl2 solutions, whereas (ii) considerably low in 100 mM NaCl, 0.1 mM Na2SO4 and NaH2PO4 solutions, respectively. At pH 6.5 (i.e.p.), the flocculated ailophane showed (i) a very low PWST in 0.01 mM NaCl, MgCl2, and Na2SO4 solutions, and also (ii) a low PST in 0.01 mM MA except for NaH2PO4. In 0.01 mM PbCl2 and NaH2PO4 solutions, ailophane was well dispersed, respectively, and marked PFL and PST were observed with further addition of xanthan. The changes and decrease of PWST and PST were discussed in relation to the iocculation of ailophane due to the (a) effect of MA on the diffuse double layer of the particles, (b) specific adsorption of phosphate and lead ions on the surface, and (c) weakening of the repulsive force between anionic GX chains by MA. 相似文献
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4种针叶树抗汽车尾气污染能力之比较 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
【研究目的】为了研究园林绿化树种对汽车污染的适应能力,试验以油松、北美乔松、华山松、白皮松4种针叶树的盆栽2年生实生苗为试材;【方法】采用静态熏气法,将苗木用不同浓度(0.0、0.6、1.0、1.6、2.5、3.1、4.1mg/m^3)的标准汽车尾气处理72h,研究了汽车尾气对4种苗木叶片的相对电导率、MDA含量、叶绿素含量、SOD和POD酶活性的影响。【结果】结果表明,随着处理浓度的增加,4种苗木的叶绿素含量和a/b值均呈下降趋势;MDA和相对电导率整体呈上升趋势;SOD和POD活性呈现先上升后下降的趋势。但4树种各指标的变化幅度不同。【结论】利用模糊数学隶属函数值法对4种苗木的抗性进行综合评定.其抗性大小依次为华山松〉北美乔松〉白皮松〉油松。 相似文献
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Objectives
To determine whether the Enterprise point-of-care blood analysis system (EPOC) produces results in agreement with two other blood gas analysers in regular clinical use (i-STAT and Radiometer ABL77) and to investigate the precision of the new machine when used with equine whole blood.Study design
Prospective, randomized, non-blinded, comparative laboratory analyser study.Animals
Horses admitted to a university teaching hospital requiring arterial or venous blood gas analysis as part of their routine clinical management.Methods
One hundred equine blood samples were run immediately, consecutively and in randomized order on three blood gas analysers. Results of variables common to all three analysers were tested for agreement and compared with guidelines used in human medicine. These require 80% of results from the test analyser to fall within a defined range or percentage of results from the comparator devices to achieve acceptability. Additionally, 21 samples were run twice in quick succession on the EPOC analyser to investigate precision.Results
Agreement targets were not met for haematocrit, haemoglobin and base excess for either i-STAT or ABL77 analysers. EPOC precision targets were not met for partial pressure of carbon dioxide, ionized calcium, haematocrit and haemoglobin. Overall comparative performance of the EPOC was good to excellent for pH, oxygen tension, potassium, bicarbonate and oxygen saturation of haemoglobin, but marginal to poor for other parameters.Conclusions and clinical relevance
The EPOC may be useful in performing analysis of equine whole blood, but trend analysis of carbon dioxide tension, ionized calcium, haematocrit and haemoglobin should be interpreted with caution. The EPOC should not be used interchangeably with other blood gas analysers. 相似文献10.