大化县玉米正大619早衰、弓背等现象的原因及对策

对大化县石山区种植玉米正大619出现早衰、弓背等现象进行了实地调查,综合分析认为,播种期不当、施肥、管理不科学和气候因素是造成早衰、弓背减产的直接原因,并提出了相应的栽培对策。     

MET玉米浸种剂的增产效果研究

1985～1987年玉米浸种剂(MET)通过九个县(区)累积面积达30.2万余亩的试验、示范表明,MET比当前推广的0.05％硫酸锌浸种增产显著,且效果稳定。用MET浸种玉米比清水浸种平均每亩增产58.6±4.6kg,增产率为5.9～27.9％,平均14.6％。使用MET可提早出苗1～2天,根系发达,叶片叶绿素a,b含量高。中后期根系活力强,穗三叶面积大,使光合作用增强,显著提高千粒重16.2±5.6g,减少秃顶率,增加穗粒数30±10粒,使成熟期提前2～3天。而且使用方便,成本低,经济效益显著。     

Test of Frequency Response Characteristics of Acupuncture Points in Human Ears and Correlation Analysis between the Characteristics and the Human Diseases

This paper presents a new disease diagnosis approach with a woundless testingtechnique.We fetch the data from acupoints in human ears,and then analyse their statistic and frequency response features by computsr in order to find out their characteristic functions.By studingthe correlation between these functions and human diseases,we can diagnose which disease the patient has been suffered.     

地麦节间和穗部性状育种选择的研究

 研究在不同处理条件下的地麦品种“杂14”节间和穗部性状与产量的关系,其结果表明:(1)随着肥力水平的提高和生长剂的施用,产量极显着地增加.(2)株高,穗长,每穗实粒数,杆径和茎秆第1,2,5,6节的节间长与产量有显着或极显着的相关,可作为地麦育种选择的指标.(3)不同栽培条件下,节间和穗部性状与产量的相关关系不相同.因此,育种选择时,宜在能保证充分显现其育种材料特性的栽培条件下进行,选择效果才佳.     

魔芋加入量对猪耳西式火腿物性的影响研究

探讨了发酵猪耳西式火腿加工过程中魔芋加入量对产品物性的影响,旨在为火腿制品的开发提供一定的实验依据;为猪耳的利用拓展一条新的途径。结果表明:加入质量分数为83.3%的魔芋凝胶,可使制品获得较理想的感官性能;碱性魔芋精粉溶液的加入对产品质量有明显影响,其加入量以25.7%为宜。     

小麦种子黑胚对发芽的影响及病原菌鉴定的研究

对6个小麦品种种子的黑胚进行了研究。结果表明:1.不同品种种子黑胚率不同,同一品种成熟期间因大气湿度提高黑胚率显著增加;2.黑胚严重的品种一般易穗发芽,同品种黑胚种子穗发芽率高于白胚种子,已经穗发芽的种子仍具有再发芽能力,但其发芽率明显低于正常的未穗发芽种子;3.同品种黑胚种子的千粒重明显高于白胚种子,这与两类种     

稻曲病发病程度与产量的相关性

由方差分析知田块对水稻的稻曲病发生程度有很大的影响。用SAS统计软件分析田间数据结果表明稻曲病影响水稻产量的主因素是病穗率,其次是病粒率,病穴率是次要因素。根据田块中的厚垣孢子含量推断,影响水稻稻曲病发病程度的主因素可能是上年的厚垣孢子在田间的越冬量。     

杂交蓖麻产量及其构成因素与果穗数量的关系

田间试验结果表明，杂交蓖麻的单株果稳数增加时，果穗秃尖增长，有效果穗长度缩短，单稳有效果数量减少，百粒重略有下降，但单株有效果的总数增加，单株产量相应提高。每株留3个一级果稳产量最高，比留1个、2个、4个和5个一级果穗的分别增产78．2％、48．8％、13．2％和11．9％。     

Large-scale screening for maize drought resistance using multiple selection criteria evaluated under water-stressed and well-watered environments

A total of 550 maize inbred lines collected from global breeding programs were evaluated for drought resistance under both well-watered and water-stressed environments. The evaluation was based on multiple measurements of biomass taken before and after the drought stress was applied using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), along with other selection criteria including anthesis-silking interval, leaf senescence, chlorophyll content, root capacitance, final grain yield, and grain yield components. Kernel weight was the most stable trait under drought stress. Correlations between the primary trait (grain yield) and the secondary traits, except the root capacitance and ASI under water-stressed condition, were all significant. Root capacitance had relatively low heritability and low genetic correlation with other drought resistance criteria, and is not recommended as a drought resistance criterion. Significant reduction of NDVI values measured in the afternoon when the leaves became rolling, compared to those measured in the morning when the leaves were open, provides a reliable index for leaf rolling, which however was not significantly correlated with grain yield. NDVIs measured across different developmental stages were highly correlated with each other and with most of the secondary traits as well as, grain yield, indicating that NDVI can be used as a secondary trait for large-scale drought resistance screening. Regression models built based on non-yield drought criteria and yield components explained about 40% and 95% of the variation for the grain yield, respectively. Some maize lines developed in China for temperate regions showed strong drought resistance comparable to tropical maize lines when tested under tropical condition, indicating that temperate lines with a wide adaptability can be used in drought resistance breeding for both temperate and tropical environments.     

玉米雌穗一节多穗性状的遗传研究

以玉米自交系XL21和PH6WC组成的6世代群体为材料,调查各群体同一穗位处果穗数量。利用P₁、P₂、F₁、F₂、BC₁和BC₂多世代联合分析法,研究控制玉米一节多穗性状的基因分离规律。结果表明,该性状在F₂分离世代表现为斜率负值的直线分布,BC₁群体主要呈类似于偏正态分布,BC₂群体呈类似于反比例函数分布。通过群体AIC值进行适合性检验,该性状符合一对加-显主基因+加-显-上位性多基因遗传D模型,主基因效应大于多基因效应,且加性效应大于显性效应,主基因遗传率为49.5%～60.2%,多基因遗传力为27.4%～41.1%,两者累加贡献率达到87.6%～90.6%。控制玉米一节多穗性状以加性效应为主,在遗传育种中针对该性状对早代试材进行重点选择和淘汰。