Protective effect of HSP70 on injuried myocardial cells induced by H2O2

AIM: To investigate the role of heat-shock protein 70(HSP₇₀) in the protection of myocardial cells against ischemic injury.METHODS: Myocardial cells were cultured in vitro. HSP₇₀ was induced by hyperthermia. H₂O₂-injured myocardial cells were divided into different groups. Flow cytometry, DNA Ladder and biochemistry methods were employed to observe the myocardial cells of different groups.RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry showed hyperthermia induced the up-regulation of HSP₇₀ in myocardial cells. Apoptotic rate, activity analysis of cytochrome C and succinic dehydrogenase in H₂O₂-injuried and HSP₇₀-protected groups were obviously different. Electron micrograph shomed hyperthermia alliviated myocardial cell injury induced by H₂O₂. CONCLUSION: HSP₇₀ delays apoptosis and protects against H₂O₂-induced myocardial cell injury.     

文心兰HSP70基因的克隆及表达分析

为研究文心兰热激蛋白70基因（命名为OnHSP70）的分子特性及表达特点,以文心兰‘柠檬绿’（Oncidium hybridum ‘Honey Angel’）为材料,采用RT-PCR技术克隆OnHSP70,利用生物信息学方法分析其分子特性,通过qRT-PCR技术分析其在不同组织及不同非生物胁迫处理下的表达特点。生物信息学分析表明：该基因开放阅读框为1944 bp,编码647个氨基酸,翻译的蛋白为稳定蛋白,属于HSP70超家族,其蛋白二级结构由41.11%的α-螺旋、17.77%的延伸链、7.73%的β-转角和33.38%的无规卷曲组成,具有2个高度保守的功能域。聚类分析表明：该蛋白与铁皮石斛和深圳拟兰的HSP70亲缘关系较近。qRT-PCR分析表明：文心兰HSP70在4种不同组织器官中具有表达差异性,在花中的表达量最高;高温处理后基因的表达量明显上升;40 ℃高温胁迫4 h时表达量达峰值;茉莉酸甲酯及水杨酸处理时表达量呈现下调响应。本研究为后期该基因功能研究及提高文心兰对高温的适应性提供理论基础。     

鸡Hsc70基因5′侧翼区SNP与耐热性状的相关分析

为研究Hsc70基因作为鸡抗病育种中一种分子标记的可能性,本试验利用克隆测序技术对清远麻鸡、广东温氏矮脚黄鸡、灵山鸡和隐性白羽洛克鸡4个品种共20个个体Hsc70基因的5′侧翼区进行多态性筛查,发现10处变异,包括8个SNPs和2个插入/缺失突变。通过分析,选取C.-521A〉C位点,利用PCR-RFLP方法分析了此位点在灵山鸡和隐性白羽洛克鸡群体中的基因型分布,所得分型结果与测定的耐热性状（T3、皮质酮、CD3＋、CD4＋和CD8＋）进行关联分析,结果表明：常温状态下（15℃）,在隐性白羽洛克鸡群体中,位点C.-521A〉C与CD3＋、CD4＋和CD8＋显著相关（P〈0.05）,其中AA基因型个体CD3＋值显著低于AC基因型个体,而CD4＋与CD8＋值显著高于AC基因型个体;热应激状态下（35℃）,在灵山鸡群体中,位点C.-521A〉C与CD8＋极显著相关（P〈0.01）,CC基因型个体CD8＋值极显著高于AA和AC基因型。     

目录

为了表达牛环形泰勒虫（Theileria annulata）截短HSP70基因编码蛋白并研究该蛋白的结构与功能特性,本研究扩增牛环形泰勒虫HSP70目的基因并构建重组质粒pMD18-T-HSP70,选取其他种的同源HSP70蛋白序列构建系统进化树;利用生物信息学方法分析HSP70基因编码蛋白的氨基酸组成、基本理化性质、亲疏水性、跨膜区结构、信号肽、可能的磷酸化位点、亚细胞定位及蛋白的二级结构和三级结构;对重组蛋白HSP70进行蛋白互作网络分析;构建原核表达载体pET28a-HSP70,筛选诱导表达条件,镍柱纯化重组蛋白及检测反应原性。结果显示,牛环形泰勒虫HSP70蛋白序列与小泰勒虫的序列同源性较高,蛋白分子质量为42 ku,理论等电点（pI）为5.61,属于酸性亲水性蛋白,无跨膜区及信号肽;蛋白功能预测结果显示,HSP70包含32个可能的磷酸化位点,亚细胞定位分析显示该蛋白主要分布于细胞质。蛋白质二级结构中α-螺旋、β-转角、无规则卷曲、延伸链分别占39.18%、8.51%、30.41%和21.91%。蛋白互作网络构建结果显示,与HSP70相互作用的蛋白主要为HSP90家族成员,另外还有伴侣蛋白GrpE同系物,预示着HSP70可能在细胞内与HSP90形成复合体发挥作用。本试验成功构建原核表达载体,获得了大小约为48 ku的融合蛋白,以0.6 mmol/L IPTG于37 ℃诱导5 h,蛋白表达较好;点状印迹及Western blotting结果表明,表达产物可被自然感染的牛环形泰勒虫阳性血清识别,具有良好的反应原性。本试验结果为进一步探讨牛环形泰勒虫HSP70功能机制提供了理论依据。     

芹菜发酵液对小鼠溃疡性结肠炎的保护作用研究

本试验旨在研究发酵前后芹菜汁的主要功能成分变化和芹菜发酵液对葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）诱导的小鼠溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的防治及免疫调节作用。选取50只4周龄雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组及低、中、高浓度芹菜发酵液组,每组10只。按10 μL/g BW的剂量标准给空白组和模型组小鼠灌胃无菌生理盐水,其他组小鼠则灌胃不同浓度的芹菜发酵液,持续7 d。从第8天开始,除空白组自由饮用无菌水外,其余组连续7 d自由饮用3% DSS溶液;在此过程,每日称量体重,进行疾病活动指数（DAI）评分。在第14天,通过摘眼球取血法获得全血,随后脱颈处死小鼠,解剖取出结肠组织测量长度并通过苏木素-伊红（HE）染色法制作病理切片,进行病理学分析。以流式细胞仪分选技术检测外周血中CD4⁺/CD8⁺T淋巴细胞比值,以酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、γ-干扰素（IFN-γ）和IL-10的含量。结果表明：①芹菜汁经发酵后,总酸、总糖、总多酚、类黄酮、维生素C和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）等多种活性成分的含量均显著增加（P<0.05）。②与模型组相比,芹菜发酵液高浓度组能减少DSS引起的小鼠体重损失（P<0.01）、结肠缩短（P<0.01）和DAI降低（P<0.05）。③组织病理学分析结果表明,各发酵液组的UC症状均得到不同程度改善,肠腺结构相对完整,杯状细胞轻微减少,仅有少量淋巴细胞和中性粒细胞浸入。④流式细胞仪分析结果显示,相较于模型组,发酵液组全血CD4⁺/CD8⁺T淋巴细胞比值极显著升高（P<0.01）。⑤ELISA检测结果显示,与模型组相比,芹菜发酵液组的IL-6、TNF-α和IFN-γ含量极显著下调（P<0.01）,IL-10的含量极显著上调（P<0.01）。综上,芹菜汁经发酵后主要功能活性成分均得到显著提高,并且发酵芹菜液对DSS诱导的小鼠UC具有一定的防治和免疫调节作用,其作用机制可能与维持外周血中CD4⁺与CD8⁺T淋巴细胞平衡,以及抑制促炎症因子（TNF-α、IL-6和IFN-γ）表达,促进抗炎症因子（IL-10）表达有关。     

Extracellular heat shock protein 70 levels in tumour-bearing dogs and cats treated with radiation therapy and hyperthermia

Hyperthermia is a form of a cancer treatment which is frequently applied in combination with radiotherapy (RT) to improve therapy responses and radiosensitivity. The mode of action of hyperthermia is multifactorial; the one hand by altering the amount of the blood circulation in the treated tissue, on the other hand by modulating molecular pathways involved in cell survival processes and immunogenic interactions. One of the most dominant proteins induced by hyperthermia is the major stress-inducible heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). Hsp70 can be found in the blood either as a free-protein (free HSP70) derived from necrotic cells, or lipid-bound (liposomal Hsp70) when it is actively released in extracellular vesicles (EVs) by living cells. The aim of the study was to evaluate the levels of free and liposomal Hsp70 before and after treatment with RT alone or hyperthermia combined with radiotherapy (HTRT) in dogs and cats to evaluate therapy responses. Peripheral blood was collected from feline and canine patients before and at 2, 4, 6 and 24 h after treatment with RT or HTRT. Hsp70 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were performed to determine the free and liposomal Hsp70 concentrations in the serum. The levels were analysed after the first fraction of radiation to study immediate effects and after all applied fractions to study cumulative effects. The levels of free and liposomal Hsp70 levels in the circulation were not affected by the first singular treatment and cumulative effects of RT in cats however, after finalizing all treatment cycles with HTRT free and liposomal Hsp70 levels significantly increased. In dogs, HTRT, but not treatment with RT alone, significantly affected liposomal Hsp70 levels during the first fraction. Free Hsp70 levels were significantly increased after RT, but not HTRT, during the first fraction in dogs. In dogs, on the other hand, RT alone resulted in a significant increase in liposomal Hsp70, but HTRT did not significantly affect the liposomal Hsp70 when cumulative effects were analysed. Free Hsp70 was significantly induced in dogs after both, RT and HTRT when cumulative effects were analysed. RT and HTRT treatments differentially affect the levels of free and liposomal Hsp70 in dogs and cats. Both forms of Hsp70 could potentially be further investigated as potential liquid biopsy markers to study responses to RT and HTRT treatment in companion animals.     

中国杧果科学研究70年

新中国成立70年来,我国杧果科学研究在人才培养与团队建设、硬件平台、基础理论创新与技术研发等方面均取得了重要进展,有力支撑了我国杧果产业的创建和可持续发展。本文在概述世界和我国杧果地位、分布、规模的基础上,从科学研究发展历程、种质资源与遗传育种、土壤与肥水管理、耕作模式与花果管理、病虫害防控、采后贮运保鲜、产业经济等方面全面梳理了我国杧果研究取得的成就,分析了存在的不足并提出了未来的重点发展方向。     

烟草Hsc70-2的克隆及对马铃薯Y病毒侵染烟草的促进作用

【目的】马铃薯Y病毒（Potato virus Y,PVY）是危害烟草、马铃薯、番茄、辣椒等主要农作物的重要病毒,给农业生产带来巨大损失。论文旨在克隆Hsc70-2蛋白在本氏烟（Nicotiana benthamiana）中的基因序列并分析其生物学信息,研究NbHsc70-2蛋白对PVY侵染烟草的影响,为进一步解析PVY的侵染机制提供理论依据。【方法】以本氏烟为材料,克隆NbHsc70-2蛋白的基因编码序列（coding sequence,CDS）,利用MEGA 6.0 进行多序列比对并构建系统进化树;利用实时荧光定量PCR（qRT-PCR）分析NbHsc70-2在本氏烟各组织中的表达水平;采用在线软件BaCeILo和SignalP 4.0对NbHsc70-2进行生物信息学分析;构建NbHsc70-2-RFP融合蛋白确定该蛋白的亚细胞定位;研究PVY处理对本氏烟叶片中NbHsc70-2的影响;利用激光共聚焦观察PVY-GFP处理对NbHsc70-2-RFP定位的影响;构建NbHsc70-2 VIGS沉默体系及瞬时表达载体,采用qRT-PCR比较NbHsc70-2在沉默/过表达后对PVY表达的影响。【结果】NbHsc70-2编码649个氨基酸,系统进化树分析表明,NbHsc70-2与普通烟NaHsc70-2序列相似性最高,亲缘关系最近,属于热激蛋白家族,C端具有热激蛋白家族的高度保守基序结构;qRT-PCR分析表明,NbHsc70-2在叶中表达量最高,在根和茎中的表达量较低;BaCeILo预测及激光共聚焦显微镜观察均显示NbHsc70-2定位在细胞质中,并且PVY-GFP侵染本氏烟后NbHsc70-2-RFP部分转移至细胞核,与PVY-GFP共定位在细胞质及细胞核中;将NbHsc70-2基因沉默载体pTRV::NbHsc70-2导入本氏烟中7 d后相比于对照组,沉默组出现心叶皱缩及矮化现象;接种PVY-GFP 7 d后通过手持紫外灯观察到沉默组中无明显绿色荧光出现,而对照组中PVY-GFP系统侵染使得非接种叶片呈现荧光现象,沉默组荧光点数约为对照组28%;接种PVY后,利用qRT-PCR检测沉默NbHsc70-2后1、3、5 d的PVY CP基因积累量,结果表明沉默NbHsc70-2后PVY CP基因积累量下降,其中3 d和5 d与对照相比差异显著,基因表达水平分别为对照的14%和0.004%;将NbHsc70-2过表达载体pEarleyGate100::GWC::NbHsc70-2与PVY同时导入本氏烟后,结果表明相比于对照组,过表达组48 h和72 h 其PVY CP基因积累量显著上升,基因表达水平分别为对照组的2.31、2.56倍。【结论】PVY侵染会引起NbHsc70-2表达量上升;NbHsc70-2是PVY侵染本氏烟重要的组成成分,沉默该基因显著抑制PVY的表达,过表达NbHsc70-2则显著提高PVY的表达,即NbHsc70-2的表达水平与PVY复制呈正相关,NbHsc70-2蛋白促进PVY对烟草的侵染。     

Chronic otitis externa with heat shock protein 70-positive intranuclear inclusion bodies in the ceruminous gland epithelium of a Chihuahua dog

A Chihuahua dog showed persistent itching in the right ear canal. Anti-inflammatory medicines and prednisolone were ineffective and total ear canal ablation was performed. Histological diagnosis was chronic otitis externa. Eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies (Cowdry type A and full-type) were occasionally observed in the ceruminous gland epithelium. The inclusion bodies were negative for nucleic acid and ultrastructurally composed of fibrous structures (approximately 10 nm in width). Viral infection was initially suspected, but polymelase chain reaction tests did not detect the expected viral genes. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the inclusion bodies were positive for heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), suggesting that these bodies could be protein aggregates including HSP70. The etiology of this lesion has not been elucidated, but chronic inflammation may influence the cytoplasm-to-nuclear transportation of HSP70. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of canine chronic otitis externa with HSP70-positive intranuclear inclusion bodies.