Tyvek?地表覆盖后三个晚熟品种柑橘果实品质的分析

为提出缓解长江三峡库区秋冬季连阴雨导致的低温寡日照对中晚熟柑橘果实品质的影响采取的栽培措施提供理论依据;本试验以重庆柑橘主栽品种椪柑(Citrus sinensis(L.) Osbeck)、纽荷尔脐橙(Citrus sinensisO sbeck ‘Newhall’)和塔罗科血橙(Citrus sinensis cv Tarocco)为材料,开展柑橘果实成熟期杜邦特卫强地膜全覆盖(Full cover,FC)、半覆盖(Half cover,HC)地表覆盖处理,和未覆盖作为对照(CK),测定了树体不同部位的果实内在品质和外观品质; Tyvek?覆盖后纽荷尔脐橙和塔罗科血橙的通过显著降低了树体下部果实黄绿色差b的值,进而HC和FC下部果实外观品质a/b相对提高达到9.00%以上,同时下部亮度L也有显著提高;对覆盖后对椪柑外观色泽影响较小。对于果实的内在品质而言,椪柑和纽荷尔脐橙Tyvek?覆盖在90d时的树体下部的果实可滴定酸(Titratable acid,TA)含量均显著降低,且椪柑T/A相对于CK均达到10%以上;塔罗科血橙在150dFC处理果实可溶性固形物(Total soluble soiled content,TSS)显著的提高,HC处理显著降低了TA含量,最终覆盖后果实T/A均达到10%以上。研究表明在地表覆盖方式可以有效地降低秋冬季节多雨寡日照对中晚熟柑橘品质的影响,有效地促进了中晚熟柑橘品种果实品质,提高中晚熟柑橘的经济价值。     

日光温室主动采光对不同种植密度番茄光合特性的影响

【目的】研究日光温室在主动采光与普通采光条件下,对其环境以及番茄叶片光合特性的影响。【方法】在主动采光与普通采光的2种日光温室内,设计4、6、8 株/m² 3种不同的番茄种植密度处理,连续3 d(晴天的条件)测得日光温室环境与番茄叶片光合作用的相关数据。【结果】主动采光日光温室环境温湿度、光照辐射方面优于非主动采光日光温室,主动采光日光温室的光照辐射均值较普通采光日光温室在3 d内分别高出了4.39%、5.85%、5.67%;两栋日光温室番茄的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率呈现随着密度的增加而减弱的现象,胞间CO₂浓度则相反;就不同采光日光温室而言,主动采光日光温室番茄的光合特性较普通采光日光温室高。【结论】日光温室主动采光在环境以及番茄光合特性方面均优越于普通采光日光温室。     

Surface ozone concentrations and exposures during growing season at the Lithuanian rural site

The surface ozone (O₃) data show an increase by 2.6 % per year during the period 1982–1994 at the rural site of Lithuania. WHO (World Health Organization), UN-ECE (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe), CES (Commission of the European Communities) guideline values for the protection of vegetation from adverse effects are exceeded during the growing season at the Preila coastal station. Ozone exposures for different concentration threshold are estimated during daylight hours in April-September. These values above 60 g/m³ varied between 10 000 and 43 000 (g/m³) ·h, above 80 g/m³ — between 1700 and 15 000 (g/m³) ·h, above 100 g/m³ — between 130 and 3700 (g/m³) ·h during separate years. Maximum hourly ozone values were observed from 116 to 228 g/m³ during this period.     

Seasonal and dietary effects on Vitamin D deficiencies detected in wild boar from mid‐western Spain

Vitamin D (VitD) is involved in important mammalian physiological mechanisms, such as Ca–P metabolism, bone development and immunological response. VitD deficiencies are frequently detected in domestic animals and related to various health problems (e.g., rickets, bone deformation). However, knowledge about the status of VitD in wildlife species, such as the wild boar, is scarce. The aims of this work were to explore VitD status in wild boar populations from mid‐western Spain and to elucidate the influence of daylight exposure and food supplementation in levels of VitD. Serum concentration of VitD (measured as 25‐hydroxivitaminD) was assessed in 276 wild boar from 27 game estates located in mid‐western Spain using a commercial ELISA kit. In 19 out of 27 estates, the staff supplied a specific VitD‐enriched food (2,000 UI/Kg) ad libitum throughout the year, while in the remaining estates (8), no food was supplied. Blood samples were extracted from hunted animals (198) between October and February of hunting seasons 2016/2017 and 2017/2018, and from live wild boar (78) that were captured, sampled and released (March–September of 2017). The percentage of animals with VitD deficiency (<20 ng/ml), VitD insufficiency (20–30 ng/ml) and VitD sufficiency (>30 ng/ml) was estimated, and the relationship of these levels to factors like sex, age and season was assessed using chi‐square tests. Furthermore, associations between daylight exposure and supplemental food with VitD levels were explored using linear models. Of the studied wild boar population, 82.2% showed a VitD deficiency or insufficiency. VitD deficiencies were more frequent in animals sampled in winter and spring. Furthermore, levels of VitD positively correlated with daylight exposure and supplemental food intake. Ad libitum supplementation with VitD‐enriched food was insufficient to prevent VitD deficiencies in wild boar from November to April, probably because food consumption is lower during this period.     

寡日照低辐射区不同重穗型杂交水稻品种比较

为探索不同杂交水稻品种在贵州省遵义县种植的综合增产效应,2006年引进四川省宜宾市农业科学院12个高产杂交水稻组合,以汕优63为对照,进行品种比较试验.结果表明,冈优2815、冈优1525和冈优2524均具有一定的增产潜力,可在遵义地区进行试验性推广.     

日光温室内温度变化的研究

根据日光温室的几何特征和结构理论，探讨了日光温室内温度变化状况。同时，对日光温室内环境进行了分析，以便为更好地发挥日光温室效应提供依据。     

双连栋节能日光温室的设计建造及其温光性能观测

通过对温室墙体材料、方位角、采光屋面角、后屋面角、保温覆盖材料、温室辅助加热等进行分析计算,设计并建造了一种双连栋日光温室,经过对温室温光性能观测,其保温能力最高达18℃,透光率最高84%,正常年份辅助加温时间60~70 d,其保温能力好,节能效率高,土地使用率较高,是一种适合在北方发展的符合国情的温室形式,值得进一步的探索和研究。     

大麦发育模型的生理参数研究——I．光照对大麦发育的影响

对大麦品系进行光照处理，试验表明：14h和15h长光照能明显促进大麦的生长发育，提早出芒抽穗，而10h的短光照处理对于冬性和半冬性大麦品系不能正常微穗成熟；光照强度也有促进大麦发育的趋势。     

Experimental Analysis of Color Temperature and Color Rendering Properties of Daylight

Architectural color has been analyzed from humanistic, aesthetic and other qualitative aspects rather than a scientific quantitative perspective. In order to obtain the function relation that different color temperature of daylights influence architectural color and to make architectural color design more scientific, typical daylight and correlation theories have been analyzed. Meanwhile an experiment research of daylight color temperature and color rendering properties while making typical daylights D65 and D55 as standard illuminants has been carried out. The results indicate that in sunny day the daylight color temperature changes quickly in the morning and evening, and it remains stable from sunrise to 3 hours before sunset(4300K~5300K). And there is a distinct direct proportion relation between color differences and color temperature differences of daylights, the proportional coefficient is 0.01, and the function relation is ΔE=1.0×10 -2×ΔK (3 500相似文献   

短日照处理对大麻开花及性别表达的影响

研究不同真叶期的大麻在短日照处理(每天8 h自然光照、16 h黑暗)下开花所需时间、生长状况及性别表达的变化情况.结果表明,短日照处理可促使大麻提前开花,大庥3～4对真叶期是进行短日照处理的最佳时期;短日照处理对大麻的性别分化无显著影响;大麻是研究植物性别分化表达的良好材料.