Structural variation in the nasal bone region of European moose (Alces alces L.)

The ontogeny of typical (normal) nasal bone region of the European moose (Alces alces L.) and the 3 variants of the pattern, was studied. The variants, named as "extra bone type", "punctured type" and "open type" referring the morphology of the internasal suture, were originally observed in Finnish male and female moose skulls in 1971. All of the variants were later found in hunting trophy exhibitions presenting male moose trophies from Sweden, Norway, Baltic Republics of USSR and Poland. The frequencies of the variants showed regional differences. By using histological, radiological and OTC bone labelling methods, all of the nasal bone types were observed in this study in embryonal (N = 36), newborn (N = 21), juvenile (N = 38) and adult (N = 12) moose. Two twin embryos showed different nasal bone structure. The variation is considered to be of congenital origin.     

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF A TRAUMATIC ELBOW LUXATION WITH CIRCUMFERENTIAL SUTURE PROSTHESES IN A RABBIT (ORYCTOLAGUS CUNICULUS)

A 2-year-old dwarf rabbit was referred for right forelimb lameness of 1-week duration. Physical examination and radiographic findings were consistent with an elbow luxation. Manual reduction under anesthesia was unsuccessful in correcting the luxated joint. A surgical approach was recommended to repair the rabbit elbow luxation. Transcondylar, transradial, and transulnar tunnels were drilled from lateral to medial with 2 suture prostheses being placed, 1 from the radius to the humerus and 1 from the humerus to the ulna. Analgesia was provided and the patient was reevaluated on days 2, 7, and 14 after the procedure. The luxation was reduced and no recurrence was noted a year following the surgical procedure. Circumferential suture prostheses, recently described with no reported postoperative complications in cats, can be used successfully in rabbits as evidenced in this case report.     

PUPPY LINE, METAPHYSEAL SCLEROSIS, AND CAUDOLATERAL CURVILINEAR AND CIRCUMFERENTIAL FEMORAL HEAD OSTEOPHYTES IN EARLY DETECTION OF CANINE HIP DYSPLASIA

Ventrodorsal extended hip radiographs were analyzed from Foxhounds, Irish setters, Greyhounds, and Labrador retrievers radiographed four to seven times between 8 and 110 weeks of age. Occurrence in these 91 dogs of a puppy line, an ill-defined zone of proximal femoral metaphyseal sclerosis, a femoral neck linear sclerosis, or circumferential linear femoral head osteophytosis at 15–17 weeks of age were compared with hip joint laxity, as measured by distraction index, and to later findings of caudal curvilinear femoral neck osteophytes, circumferential femoral head osteophytes, hip incongruity consistent with hip dysplasia and degenerative joint disease by 52 weeks of age. A puppy line and/or femoral metaphyseal sclerosis was common at 15–17 weeks of age for dogs at mimimal risk (Greyhounds) and high risk (Foxhounds) of developing early degenerative joint disease associated with canine hip dysplasia. Though 44% of Greyhound hips had puppy lines and 28% had femoral metaphyseal sclerosis at 15–17 weeks of age, no Greyhound had a caudolateral curvilinear osteophyte or circumferential femoral head osteophyte at 24–27 or 52 weeks of age. No significant relationship was found between occurrence of a puppy line, a circumferential femoral head osteophyte or femoral metaphyseal sclerosis at 15–17 weeks and canine hip dysplasia or degenerative joint disease incidence at 42–52 weeks. Presence of a caudolateral curvilinear osteophyte in at least one hip at 24–27 weeks was significantly related to the diagnosis of canine hip dysplasia by 42–52 weeks. When both a caudolateral curvilinear osteophyte and a circumferential femoral head osteophyte were present in a hip at 24–27 weeks, degenerative joint disease was evident in all such hips by 42–52 weeks of age.     

Effects ofIn Vitro degradation on the weight loss and tensile properties of PLA/LPCL/HPCL blend fibers

PLA/LPCL/HPCL blend fibers composed of poly (lactic acid) (PLA), low molecular weight poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (LPCL), and high molecular weight poly (ɛ-caprolactone) (HPCL) were prepared by melt blending and spinning for bioabsorbable filament sutures. The effects of blending time and blend composition on the X-ray diffraction patterns and tensile properties of PLA/LPCL/HPCL blend fibers were characterized by WAXD and UTM. In addition, the effect ofin vitro degradation on the weight loss and tensile properties of the blend fibers hydrolyzed during immersion in a phosphate buffer solution at pH 7.4 and 37°C for 1–8 weeks was investigated. The peak intensities of PLA/LPCL/HPCL blend fibers in X-ray diffraction patterns decreased with an increase of blending time and LPCL contents in the blend fibers. The weight loss of PLA/LPCL/HPCL blend fibers increased with an increase of blending time, LPCL contents, and hydrolysis time while the tensile strength and modulus of the blend fibers decreased. The tensile strength and modulus of the blend fibers were also found to be increased with an increase of HPCL contents in the blend fibers. The optimum conditions to prepare PLA/LPCL/HPCL blend fibers for bioabsorbable sutures are LPCL contents of 5 wt%, HPCL contents of 35 wt%, and blending time of 30 min. The strength retention of the PLA/LPCL/HPCL blend fiber prepared under optimum conditions was about 93.5% even at hydrolysis time of 2 weeks.     

基于周向涡量的农用通风机叶片表面凹槽分析

针对农用轴流风机风量小、能效比低的问题,以MODEL YJD90S-4镀锌铁皮农用轴流风机为研究对象,采用风室试验、逆向建模、CFD数值模拟、周向涡量分析等方法,以叶片表面凹槽宽度D=6、8、10、12 mm,凹槽半径为25%h(h为叶高)、50% h和75%h,开单、双槽3个因素进行排列组合,制定了24种开槽方案,对所有方案进行数值模拟并进行周向涡量分析,筛选得出D=10 mm、R=25%h、开单槽(方案1),D=10 mm、R=75%h、开单槽(方案2)和D=10 mm、R=25%h、75%h、开双槽(方案3)为较优方案,并对此3种方案风机风量和能效比模拟结果进行研究。结果表明:1)采用逆向建模方法建立的镀锌铁皮农用轴流风机几何模型,其数值模拟计算结果能够很好的与原型风机性能试验测试结果吻合,表明逆向建模技术能够运用于农用轴流风机研究;2)在农用轴流风机常用的进口工作压力工况下,3种方案的风机流量和能效比相对原型风机都有提高,其中采用D=10 mm、R=75%h、开单槽(方案2)时提高最为明显,风量约提高了90 m ³/h,能效比约提高了3.2%。3)分析周向涡量3D映射发现,采用D=10 mm、R=75%h、开单槽(方案2)时轮毂处的正周向涡量向叶顶处移动,正周向涡量向叶片顶部聚集,增加其对总压流的正贡献,使分布在70%h处的负周向涡量向叶片根部移动,叶片根部附近的负周向涡量呈现出收拢的现象,负周向涡量向叶片根部聚集以减小其对总压流的负贡献。     

促愈汤对环状混合痔术后新生血管、创面愈合的影响

目的 观察促愈汤对环状混合痔术后新生血管、创面愈合的影响。方法 选取56例环状混合痔患者进行前瞻性研究,按随机数字表分为观察组与对照组,每组28例。两组均行混合痔外剥内扎术,对照组术后予九华膏局部涂抹联合痔炎冲洗灵坐浴治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用促愈汤进行治疗,两组均治疗2周。比较两组创面愈合总有效率、术后当天与治疗2周的创面疼痛评分、创面出血评分、创面渗液评分、血清血管内皮生长因子（vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF）、血小板源性生长因子（platelet-derived growth factor,PDGF）、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（basic fibroblast growth factor,bFGF）水平。结果 观察组治疗总有效率为92.86%,显著高于对照组71.43%（P<0.05）。治疗2周后,两组创面疼痛、创面出血、创面渗液评分较术后当天均显著降低（P<0.05）,且观察组显著低于对照组（P<0.01）;两组血清VEGF、PDGF、bFGF水平较术后当天均显著升高（P<0.05）,且观察组显著高于对照组（P<0.01）。结论 促愈汤治疗环状混合痔术后患者有助于改善血液循环、促进新生血管形成与上皮组织增生,促进创面愈合,治疗效果理想。     

Improved methodology of measuring moisture content of wood by a vibrational technique

Abstract

A method of measuring moisture content of wood is introduced. This method uses a vibrational technique. A shaker driven by swept sine signals was used for the accurate generation of vibration. A cylindrical wood sample was used to verify the method of measuring the moisture content. Resonance frequencies of the wood sample decreased as its moisture content increased. An experiment was performed by measuring the vibration of a tree to explore the feasibility of applying the method to the measurement of the moisture content of trees. The circumferential mode, which is independent of the height of a tree, was identified using a white oak tree.     

混凝土复合型裂缝最大拉应变断裂准则

根据线弹性断裂力学,推导出了复合型裂纹的最大拉应变断裂准则,并与最大拉应力理论、应变能密度因子理论作了比较、分析;最后引用了大量试验资料验证了最大拉应变理论的适用性。     

Management of equine skull fractures using fixation with polydioxanone sutures

Ten horses presented with severe distortion of the facial contour, crepitus on palpation and mild to moderate epistaxis. Individual horses also showed ocular damage, ptosis, severe dyspnoea and movement of the facial bones concurrent with respiration. The fracture fragments were exposed using a large curvilinear incision and elevated using a retractor, periosteal elevator, chisel or Steinmann pin. The fracture fragments were unstable following reduction and fixation was necessary. Stabilisation was achieved with polydioxanone sutures placed through holes drilled in opposing sides of the fracture lines. Polydioxanone sutures provided good stability and had better handling properties than wire. There was good apposition of fracture edges and minimal complications. Use of polydioxanone sutures can also avoid the expense and complexity of plate fixation in selected cases, and should be considered as an alternative to fixation with stainless steel wire in any facial fracture that adjoins stable bone.