Bronchogenic adenocarcinoma in a cat: an unusual case of metastasis to the skin

A 6-year-old, spayed, female, domestic shorthair cat was presented for decreased activity. A nodular lesion was found in the skin extending into the subcutaneous tissue of the right abdominal flank. On lateral and ventrodorsal radiographs of the thorax, an opacity involving the entire right caudal lung lobe and pleural effusion were noted. Cytologic evaluation of cells in the thoracic fluid and in the mass revealed a population of atypical epipthelial cells with marked anisocytosis and high N:C ratios, organized in acinar-like clusters. Multinucleated cells and several mitotic figures were found. The cytologic interpretation was carcinoma. Because of the progressive severity of clinical signs, the cat was euthanized. Histologic evaluation of tissues obtained at necropsy indicated a bronchogenic adenocarcinoma in the lung, with metastasis to the skin of the right flank, but no involvement of the digits. Based on immunohistochemical stains, the neoplastic cells strongly co-expressed cytokeratin and vimentin, and were negative for S-100 and actin-specific antigen. Bronchogenic adenocarcinoma is an uncommon neoplasm in cats, and the digits are the most common sites of metastasis. This case was unusual in that the skin of the abdominal wall was the primary site of metastasis, with no involvement of the digits.     

槐耳颗粒配合肺叶切除术治疗原发性支气管肺癌的临床研究

目的 研究槐耳颗粒配合胸腔镜肺叶切除术对原发性支气管肺癌患者的影响。方法 选取2013年7月-2016年7月我院及承德医学院附属医院收治的原发性支气管肺癌患者96例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,对照组患者采用胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗,观察组患者采用槐耳颗粒配合胸腔镜肺叶切除术治疗,对比两组患者临床疗效、高血钙发生情况、血清钙水平、胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF-1）、白细胞介素-8（IL-8）和癌胚抗原（CEA）水平。结果 观察组患者治疗总有效率100.0%,显著高于对照组87.5%（P<0.05）;治疗后两组高血钙发生率及血清钙水平较治疗前均降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）;观察组患者治疗后高血钙发生率2.1%显著低于对照组18.8%（P<0.01）,血清钙水平明显低于对照组（P<0.05）;两组患者治疗后IGF-1、IL-8和CEA水平均明显低于治疗前（P<0.01）,且观察组显著低于对照组（P<0.01）。结论 槐耳颗粒配合胸腔镜肺叶切除术能够有效提高原发性支气管肺癌患者治疗效果,降低IGF-1、血清钙、IL-8、CEA水平。     

高剂量率腔内后装放射与外照射治疗原发性支气管肺癌（附31例报告）

应用高剂量率腔内后装放射加外照射治疗原发性支气管肺癌３１例。腔内后装放射剂量为６００～８００ｃＧｙ／次，参考距离１０～１５ｍｍ，总剂量为１８００～３０００ｃＧｙ。外照射剂量为５０００～６００ＯｃＧｙ。治疗后临床症状缓解，肿块消失与支气管通畅者１０例（占３２．２％）；症状缓解、肿块缩小５０％以上者１６例（占５１．８％）。总有效率为８８．１％。治疗期，有１例病人出现咯血，３例出现支气管痉挛，１例治疗后出现高热和白细胞增高，但多数病人均能耐受。     

Angioinvasive pulmonary carcinoma with posterior segment metastasis in four cats

The objective of the research was to characterize the clinical, fluorescein angiographic, pathologic and microscopic features of feline pulmonary carcinoma with ocular metastasis that resulted in ischemic chorioretinopathy. Four cats with confirmed or presumed primary pulmonary neoplasia with posterior segment metastasis were studied. The medical records from four cats with a diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma and intraocular metastasis were reviewed. Physical and ophthalmic examinations and thoracic radiographs were performed in all cases, and fluorescein angiography was performed in two cases. Classification of the neoplasms was determined by fine-needle aspiration and biopsies of peripheral metastatic lesions, and/or complete necropsies. All four cases had unilateral or bilateral blindness and ophthalmoscopic lesions characterized by a wedge-shaped, tan discoloration in the tapetal fundus, variable but mild serous exudation under the retina, and profoundly attenuated retinal vasculature. Painful swelling and necrosis of the distal extremities and/or mass lesions in the appendicular musculature were also present. Clinical findings, along with microscopic findings from biopsy specimens or complete postmortem examination, documented widespread metastasis of variably differentiated, neoplastic, columnar epithelial cells presumed to be of bronchial origin. Tumor cells were predominately located within the systemic vasculature, consistent with classification of angioinvasive pulmonary carcinoma. Fluorescein angiographic and histopathologic findings in the affected globes suggested that the posterior segment lesions resulted from invasion and growth of neoplastic cells within the chorioretinal vasculature, resulting in secondary ischemic necrosis of the retina and choroid. Ischemic chorioretinopathy and necrosis of the distal extremities, associated with primary bronchogenic carcinoma, appear to be a unique neoplastic syndrome in the domestic cat.