南方鲶肌肉,鳔及胡子鲶肌肉的水解和游离氨基酸研究

本试验测定了南方鲶肌内和鳔及胡子鲶肌肉的水解氨基酸和游离氨基酸含量，并对其营养价值进行了比较，评价。     

黄鳝排尿器官的解剖学研究

应用铸型技术等方法研究了黄鳝排尿器官的解剖学结构。结果见到,黄鳝2条中肾管在中肾末端与所谓退化性腺（亦即膀胱）相连,并与该“退化性腺”之间存在着明显的通道关系,而“退化性腺”直接通于尿孔。此外,组织学的研究也支持了解剖学结果,并证实中肾管在“退化性腺”中存在着2种开口类型;单口型和双口型。研究结果为作者先前提出的有关黄鳝“退化性腺”是膀胱的结论提供了直接的形态学证据。     

简易膀胱容量压力测定技术的正交试验研究及在神经源膀胱管理中的效果观察

目的 观察简易膀胱容量压力测定技术在神经源性膀胱管理中的应用效果。方法 将40例神经源性膀胱患者随机分为对照组和试验组各20例,对照组常规依据患者膀胱残余尿量定间歇导尿时间和频次,试验组通过优化的简易膀胱测容量压力测定确定患者膀胱安全容量,依据膀胱安全容量及残余尿量确定间歇导尿时间和频次。观察两组患者的初次排尿时间、结束间歇导尿时间、膀胱容量、残余尿量及泌尿系感染情况。结果 试验组患者初次排尿时间和结束间歇导尿时间都早于对照组(P＜0.01);膀胱容量更接近正常成人,残余尿量小于对照组(P＜0.01);试验组患者尿路感染率明显低于对照组,有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 神经源性膀胱患者依据优化的膀胱容量压力测定技术确定膀胱安全容量结合残余尿量进行间歇导尿更安全、有效。     

ESTIMATION OF BLADDER VOLUME USING ULTRASONOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF CROSS-SECTIONAL AREAS AND LINEAR MEASUREMENTS

The purpose of this study was to determine if ultrasonographic measurement of multiple cross-sectional areas combined with linear dimensions of the bladder could be used as a method of estimating bladder volume in the dog, and, if so, to compare the accuracy of this estimation with that described previously using linear measurements alone. Fifty-two live dogs undergoing investigation for urological disease and 37 fresh canine cadavers were used for bladder volume determination. Maximal length, depth, width, and area were measured from the maximal longitudinal and transverse sonograms in each living animal. In cadavers, the cross-sectional area of the longitudinal section of the bladder was measured at one centimeter intervals, and the measurements were summed. Based on sequential partial regression analysis, the cross-sectional area of the longitudinal section of the bladder and length were the best predictors of actual bladder volume in living animals. However, based on the cadaver experiment, the best predictor of actual bladder volume was summed parasagittal area alone, and, in cadavers, this was a much better predictor of actual bladder volume than the combination of the cross-sectional area of the longitudinal section of the bladder and length. The formula derived in living dogs using the corss-sectional area of the longitudinal section of the bladder and length gave a less accurate estimation of bladder volume than a previously published formula where only linear measurements were used.     

一种低值鱼鳔蛋白的酶解工艺试验研究

鱼鳔是重要的药食两用水产品资源,但加工产品单一。为了提高鱼鳔的深加工利用水平,以海南市场上一种低值鱼鳔为原料,研究了鱼鳔蛋白的酶解工艺。通过测定鱼鳔蛋白酶解过程中的氨基氮、可溶性固形物、滤速等参数的变化,分析不同的反应条件对鱼鳔蛋白降解结果的影响规律。结果显示,反应过程中可溶性固形物含量比氨基氮含量提前达最大值;复合蛋白酶降解鱼鳔蛋白的较适条件是:起始pH值5.0~7.0,温度50~60℃,酶量范围为0.7%~0.8%,反应时间5 h,底物浓度3%。     

ULTRASONOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF LIPIDURIA IN CLINICALLY NORMAL CATS

Echoes are frequently seen in the urinary bladder of cats during abdominal ultrasound. These have been attributed to hematuria, pyuria, crystalluria, and lipid. However, sonographic findings have not been previously correlated with urinalysis. We prospectively evaluated 40 clinically normal cats via ultrasound, serum chemistry, and urinalysis. Thin layer chromatography was performed on the urine to determine the amount (mg) of lipid subfractions including diacylglycerol, triglyceride, phospholipid, free fatty acid, cholesterol, and cholesterol ester. Ninety percent (36/40) of the cats in our population had sonographic echoes suspended in the urinary bladder, with most having a subjective score of mild echoes (n = 20). None of the sonographic echoes were gravity dependent or caused distal acoustic shadowing, reverberation, or twinkle artifact. Of the cats with sonographic echoes in the urine, 66% (24/36) had no significant findings on urinalysis other than the presence of lipid. The total amount of subjective sonographic echoes was not significantly related to the total amount of fat measured on thin layer chromatography or the number of lipid droplets seen on urinalysis. An increased amount of urine diacylglycerol was significantly associated with clumping of echoes (P = 0.02) and the amount of lipid droplets seen on urinalysis (P = 0.04). An association between increased amounts of urine diacylglycerol and the amount of echoes seen on ultrasound approached significance (P = 0.05). Findings from this study support previously published theories that sonographic echoes within the urinary bladder of clinically normal cats may be due to urine lipid.     

The association between gall bladder mucoceles and hyperlipidaemia in dogs: A retrospective case control study

The diagnosis of gall bladder mucoceles (GM) in dogs has become increasingly frequent in veterinary medicine. Primary breed-specific hyperlipidaemia is reported in Shetland Sheepdogs and Miniature Schnauzers, breeds in which GM are known to occur more frequently than in other breeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between GM and hyperlipidaemia in dogs. The study design was a retrospective case control study. Medical records of dogs diagnosed with GM at the Veterinary Medical Centre of The University of Tokyo between 1 April 2007 and 31 March 2012, were reviewed.Fifty-eight dogs with GM and a record of either serum cholesterol, triglyceride, or glucose concentrations were included in the study. Hypercholesterolaemia (15/37 cases; odds ratio [OR]: 2.92; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02–8.36) and hypertriglyceridaemia (13/24 cases; OR: 3.55; 95% CI:1.12–15.91) showed significant association with GM. Pomeranians (OR: 10.69), American Cocker Spaniels (OR: 8.94), Shetland Sheepdogs (OR: 6.21), Miniature Schnauzers (OR: 5.23), and Chihuahuas (OR: 3.06) were significantly predisposed to GM. Thirty-nine out of 58 cases had at least one concurrent disease, including pancreatitis (five cases), hyperadrenocorticism (two cases), and hypothyroidism (two cases). A significant association between GM and hyperlipidaemia was confirmed, suggesting that hyperlipidaemia may play a role in the pathogenesis of GM.     

鸡胆囊的交感传入神经元定位研究

选用体重1．5～2．5kg的成年母鸡6只，将CT—HRP溶液注入胆囊壁，动物存活3～4d后，经左心室灌流固定，取胸、腰和荐段各脊神经节，制成50gm的连续冰冻切片，TMB法呈色反应，置明视野显微镜下观片统计。结果发现：支配鸡胆囊的交感传入神经元胞体位于T2～T7脊神经节，其峰值位于T6脊神经节。