火龙果的护色及其与脐橙复合饮料的工艺研究

以火龙果和脐橙为原料,采用单因素试验研究L-半胱氨酸、柠檬酸、抗坏血酸和氯化钠(NaC)l 4种护色剂对火龙果汁色泽的影响,再采用正交试验确定复合饮料的最佳配方。结果表明,0.1%的L-半胱氨酸对火龙果汁护色效果最好,火龙果和脐橙汁最佳配比为1.5∶1.0,复合饮料的配方组成为40%的火龙果—脐橙汁量、0.05%柠檬酸、3%蔗糖,所制得的复合饮料风味独特,酸甜适口,营养品质较好。     

新疆天山西部云杉生长量变化及其影响因子分析

【目的】计算新疆天山西部云杉生长量,对云杉生长量影响因子进行相关性分析,为监测云杉生长和研究天山森林生态系统提供参考。【方法】根据1996年天山西部8个林场218个样地5682株云杉的实地测量值推算出天山西部云杉的材积经验式和一元材积表;利用GIS和SPSS软件对利用遥感手段提取的生长量影响因子进行相关性分析。【结果】1996~2006年,天山云杉定期生长量为20.487482m3,1996~2006年定期平均生长量为2.048748m3。生长量影响因子相关性分析表明灰度值中的红光波段、近红外波段、绿光波段与云杉生长量显著相关,其次是海拔、NDVI和坡向,相关性最弱的为蓝光波段、短波红外波段和坡度。【结论】在今后的工作中,可根据影响天山云杉生长量的主导因子,并结合GIS手段动态监测云杉生长状况,从而更好地进行天山云杉的研究保护工作。     

生态文化视角下的佤族巨龙竹文化现象探析

以生态文化的视角,从云南佤族自然崇拜观下产生的竹林和环境保护自觉行为、佤族种植竹子的传统方式等方面表现的巨龙竹文化现象,分析得出了佤族竹文化是充满着生态科学细胞的、与自然和人类共生共存、适用于现代社会的生态文化的结论。     

Island differences in population size structure and catch per unit effort and their conservation implications for Komodo dragons

Species inhabiting archipelagos are often characterised by high levels of interpopulation divergence (e.g. size related traits). This divergence may, in turn, influence their life-history. To facilitate better management and conservation of the Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis), an island endemic, we identified demographic differences between two island populations in Komodo National Park, Indonesia. Comparison of data collected from dragon populations inhabiting Rinca Island and the much smaller Gili Motang Island indicated that between 1994 and 2004, the Komodo dragon population on Gili Motang significantly decreased its: (1) mean body mass, (2) body condition and (3) relative abundance. These results suggest that the numerically small Gili Motang population was oscillating downwards; in contrast, the Rinca Island population had been relatively stable. More importantly these results emphasize the necessity for managers of this priority conservation species to understand further the inherent functional differences among dragon populations to develop island specific management units. Current management practices (e.g. monitoring) instigated by Komodo National Park management ignore small island dragon populations and thus run the risk of being unable to detect adverse effects for populations that are potentially most prone to decline.     

天山中部林区主要地类TM信息特征分析

本研究对天山中部林区样地内主要地类及森林类型ＴＭ光谱信息进行了全面的分析，得出ＴＭ５是林区主要地类分类的首选波段；ＴＭ４是林区云杉分类的首选波段     

火龙果黑斑病菌[Bipolaris cactivora（Petrak）Alcorn]生物学特性研究

为了明确分离自火龙果黑斑病的病原种类、生物学特性及防治方法,对该病菌进行了种类鉴定、生物学特性研究以及室内药剂筛选。结果表明,引起该火龙果病害的病原菌为仙人掌平脐蠕孢[Bipolaris cactivora（Petrak）Alcorn]。该病菌菌丝生长最适温度是30 ℃,产孢最适温度20 ℃。菌丝生长最适pH为5,产孢最适pH8。光照对菌丝生长无显著影响,黑暗条件有利于产孢。菌丝生长最佳碳源是葡萄糖和D-果糖,产孢最佳碳源为甘露醇。菌丝生长和产孢的最佳氮源均为蛋白胨,菌丝致死温度为70 ℃,10 min。     

ADNEXAL CYSTADENOMA IN A BEARDED DRAGON (POGONA VITTICEPS)

An adult female bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps) presented to the University of Georgia Veterinary Teaching Hospital for an area of swelling affecting the left eye of approximately 3 years’ duration. Upon examination, the left eye could not be evaluated due to an extensive periorbital mass effect. Hematologic and advanced diagnostic testing were recommended, but due to financial concerns the owner declined. Ultimately, the patient was humanely euthanized and was submitted for necropsy. The mass was diagnosed via histopathology as a cystadenoma of the eyelid. Phthisis bulbi of the left eye with granulomatous inflammation was also observed.     

CLINICAL,DIAGNOSTIC, AND PATHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF 2 CASES OF METASTATIC IRIDOPHOROMA IN A VEILED CHAMELEON (CHAMAELEO CALYPTRATUS) AND A RED-BARRED DRAGON (CTENOPHORUS VADNAPPA)

Iridophores are iridescent cutaneous pigment cells found in reptiles, fish, and amphibians. Neoplasms of iridophores are rarely reported, and little is known about their behaviour, metastatic potential, and prognostic indicators. This paper reports details of the clinical course and pathological findings of metastatic iridophoroma in a veiled chameleon (Chamaeleo calyptratus) and red-barred dragon (Ctenophorus vadnappa). The veiled chameleon presented with a subcutaneous mass on the right lateral elbow and was diagnosed as an iridophoroma on fine needle aspiration. It was otherwise clinically normal. Within 35 days of excision, multiple secondary skin masses developed which were often non-pigmented and required microscopic examination to identify them as iridophoroma metastases. There were in total 54 days between the first detection of the primary mass and end stage, extensive cutaneous and visceral metastatic disease, and there had been no detectable primary mass during routine clinical examination 128 days prior to death. The red-barred dragon presented with a white sub-mandibular mass. While undergoing an excisional biopsy the animal expired, post-mortem examination revealed a cutaneous malignant iridophoroma with tumour cell clusters seen in pulmonary arterial vessels, suggesting that surgical handling of iridophoroma could precipitate the release of circulating tumour cell clusters. This is the first iridophoroma described in a red-barred dragon and the second report of a malignant iridophoroma in a veiled chameleon. Timely detection and careful excision of lizard iridophoroma may be an important factor in clinical outcome.     

Outbreak of human infections with uncommon Salmonella serotypes linked to pet bearded dragons, 2012–2014

Reptiles are one of the fastest growing sectors in the United States pet industry. Reptile‐associated salmonellosis (RAS) continues to be an important public health problem, especially among children. We investigated an outbreak of human Salmonella infections resulting from serotypes Cotham and Kisarawe, predominately occurring among children. An outbreak of illnesses was identified in persons with exposure to pet bearded dragon lizards. Human and animal health officials, in cooperation with the pet industry, conducted epidemiologic, traceback and laboratory investigations. Onsite sampling was conducted at two US breeding facilities, one foreign breeding facility, and a large pet retail chain. A total of 166 patients in 36 states were identified with illness onset dates from 02/2012–06/2014. The median patient age was 3 years (range, <1–79 years), 57% were aged ≤5 years, and 37% were aged ≤1 year. Forty‐four patients (37%) were hospitalized, predominantly children. Sampling at breeding facilities and a national pet store chain resulted in isolation of outbreak serotypes at each facility; isolation proportions ranged from 2%–24% of samples collected at each facility.Epidemiologic, microbiologic and traceback evidence linked an outbreak of uncommon Salmonella serotypes to contact with pet bearded dragons. The high proportion of infants involved in this outbreak highlights the need to educate owners about the risk of RAS in children and the potential for household contamination by pet reptiles or their habitats. Strategies should be developed to improve breeding practices, biosecurity and monitoring protocols to reduce Salmonella in the pet reptile trade.     

云杉地理种源幼苗适应性差异研究初报

利用云杉各种源幼苗在物候适应性方面表现出的差异,掌握各种源对环境因子的敏感反应,从而作出种源选择,为林木良种化收集原始资料并提供科学依据.