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1.
油菜籽中含有多种具有抗氧化活性的物质,为抵御机体的氧化损伤起到了积极作用。本文综述了油菜籽来源的诸多抗氧化活性成分及抗氧化活性的评价方法。油菜籽主要的抗氧化成分有肽类、多酚类、多糖类、生育酚和其它抗氧化成分,其中的肽类主要有三种产生方式:非消化酶酶解、消化酶酶解和发酵。针对油菜籽来源的活性物质抗氧化活性的评价方法,包括体外测定方法(化学检测)和细胞内抗氧化实验和动物实验。综述还探讨了油菜籽抗氧化活性成分研究中存在的问题和解决方法,旨在为油菜籽活性成分的开发和利用提供参考。 相似文献
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《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(14):2168-2172
Bacillus subtilis QM3, a potential biocontrol agent and useful plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGRB) from yak dung in China with broad-spectrum and strong antifungal bioactivity, was studied to determine if it either stimulated or inhibited the germination of wheat seeds depending on the amount of bacteria. Germination rate (GR) and length of shoot (LS) increased at 10-fold dilution of QM3 fermentation liquid for 12 h (P < 0.05). Germination potentiality (GP) and root cap ration (RC) decreased at 100-fold dilution of QM3 for 0 h. Length of root (LR) and tips of root (TR) at day 7 remained at control levels at 0-fold dilution of fermentation liquid of QM3 for 24 h. The results obtained suggest that some plant diseases, environmental stresses (such as high salt and heavy metal contents), and difficulties in germination can be controlled or relieved by the use of QM3. 相似文献
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Vegetative compatibility (vc) and mating types and genetic diversity of Cryphonectria parasitica isolates were determined using 183 isolates obtained from 215 infected chestnut trees growing in 13 provinces of Turkey. Based on the cultural aspects, 143 of these isolates were evaluated as virulent whereas the remaining 40 isolates were hypovirulent. When vc types of 183 isolates were classically differentiated, 135 of them matched to EU-1 (82.3%), 29 of them to EU-12 (17.6%) vc type, whereas 19 of them did not match to the two. When molecular vic markers were used, all the isolates were assigned to two EU vc types; 149 to EU-1 (81.4%) and 34 (18.5%) to EU-12. Of the majority of the isolates, 134 (73.2%) had mating-type MAT-1, while 44 (24%) isolates had MAT-2 and 5 (2.8%) isolates had both mating types. The population analysis based on two DNA marker systems, Inter-Primer Binding Site and Start Codon Targeted Polymorphism, showed no intraspecific genetic variation among the C. parasitica isolates. The prevalence of two dominant vc types revealed by this study shows that biological control with hypovirulent EU-1 and EU-12 isolates will be significant for the country. The results might be helpful to chestnut breeders carrying out resistance breeding studies to manage this disease based on hypovirulence attributed to Cryphonectria hypovirus 1. 相似文献
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采用MTT颜色反应法研究传染性脾肾坏死病毒(ISKNV)、伴刀豆球蛋白A(concanavallin A,ConA)和脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)在离体状态下对健康和ISKNV感染后存活30d或60d的鳜的头肾淋巴细胞转化的影响。结果表明,ConA和LPS能促进健康鳜头肾淋巴细胞的转化,而对感染后存活30d或60d的鳜头肾淋巴细胞没有作用;纯化的ISKNV对健康鳜头肾淋巴细胞没有促进淋巴细胞转化的作用,但对ConA的作用有抑制,对感染后存活的30d或60d的鳜头肾淋巴细胞,纯化的ISKNV有一定的促进转化的作用,感染存活的鳜头肾中有对ISKNV的免疫记忆性T细胞。另外,用建立的ISKNV PCR检测方法对健康和ISKNV感染后存活的鲜组织进行了检测,结果显示,健康鳜为阴性,而ISKNV感染后存活的鱼,头肾、后肾、脾脏和部分鱼的心脏为阳性。ISKNV在鳜体内形成潜伏感染。 相似文献
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Peirong Li Tongbing Su Huiping Wang Xiuyun Zhao Weihong Wang Yangjun Yu Deshuang Zhang Changlong Wen Shuancang Yu Fenglan Zhang 《Plant Breeding》2019,138(3):309-324
Single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are rapid, economical and reliable genotyping tools. Non‐heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. subsp. chinensis Makino) is now an economically important vegetable crop worldwide. In this study, 1,167 SNPs were evaluated for 7polymorphism among 70 representative non‐heading Chinese cabbage inbred lines using a Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) genotyping assay. On the basis of identified polymorphisms and the results of a principal component analysis, we selected 50 core SNPs that were balanced sufficiently to provide adequate information for genetic identification. The core SNPs were used for construction of a neighbour‐joining dendrogram that separated the 70 inbred lines into four main groups and several subgroups corresponding to Caixin, Heiyebaicai, Huangxinwu, Naibaicai, Taitsai, Pak‐choi, and Wutatsai. This categorization was superior to that achieved using a dataset of 479 polymorphic SNPs. To confirm the utility of the core SNP markers in genetic identification, we tested their stability and resolution using 162 commercial hybrid cultivars. The SNPs, which represent a cost‐effective, accurate marker set for germplasm analysis and cultivar identification, are suitable for molecular marker‐assisted breeding in non‐heading Chinese cabbage. 相似文献
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Probir Kumar Ghosh Satadal Das 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2017,92(2):130-145
Tuberose cut flowers, available as loose flowers, were treated with gamma (γ) irradiation and generally regarded as safe (GRAS) preservative solutions for extension of shelf life. The flowers were packaged in low-density polyethylene bags, heat sealed and stored at 23 ± 2°C, 80% relative humidity (RH) and 4 ± 1°C, 40% RH, respectively. The flowers stored at these two temperature regimes were subjected to sensory evaluation and biochemical analyses. From these assessments, the longest shelf life of tuberose flowers was found to be 8 days at 23 ± 2°C, 80% RH (compared to 4 days for control) and 24 days at 4 ± 1°C, 40% RH (compared to 8 days for control) using combination treatment of low dose γ-irradiation (0.02 kGy) and preservative solutions (4% sucrose and 0.02% CaCl2). Ethanolic extract of tuberose flowers of the most shelf stable set (stored at 4 ± 1°C), i.e. at the end of 24 days, showed antimicrobial potency against the common skin pathogen Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923 and MDR strains), suggesting utility of the senesced tuberose flowers for therapeutic applications. This preservation technique would promote export of tuberose flowers by extension of their shelf lives and allow utilization of these flowers, post senescence. 相似文献
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为查明养殖鲤(Cyprinus carpio)突然大批发病死亡的原因,对鲤病样品进行了细胞攻毒、空斑测定、电镜观察,以及鱼体感染等实验。先以患病鲤的组织匀浆液,经过滤后,分别接种到草鱼鳍条细胞(GCF)、鲤上皮瘤细胞(EPC)等14种培养细胞中。利用倒置显微镜观察显示,在1-2d内,该病鱼组织匀浆液可使其中9种细胞出现典型的细胞病变。收集出现病变的细胞液(即病毒悬液),进一步进行病毒滴度检测、空斑测定和鱼体感染实验。结果显示,在GCF细胞上的病毒滴度为10^7.3TCID50/mL;在FHM,TSB和GCO等细胞中可产生直径1~4mm的圆形空斑,空斑的大小与宿主细胞的种类和接种的病毒浓度有关。通过对感染细胞制备的超薄切片和病毒负染样品进行电镜观察,显示这是一类呈典型子弹头样的弹状病毒颗粒。感染了病毒悬液的鲫和鲤先后在第2天和第3天开始出现病症,间隔1~2d后发病的鱼开始死亡,至第14天,两种感染鱼的死亡率均达到83.3%。收集人工感染后濒死的鲫和鲤,分别制备组织匀浆液,回接感染鱼类培养细胞,24h内能使其出现与原发病鲤组织匀浆液所引起的类似的细胞病变。因此证实患病鲤是由病毒病原感染所致。[中国水产科学,2006,13(4):617—623] 相似文献
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