多层螺旋CT与核磁共振血管成像、数字减影对主动脉夹层诊断的比较研究

目的：比较多层螺旋CT(multi-slice spiral CT，MSCT)与核磁共振血管成像(MRA)、数字减影(DSA)对主动脉夹层(aortic dissection，AD)的诊断价值。方法：对17例AD患者行MSCT检查，并与MRA、DSA的检查结果进行比较。结果：对17例AD患者用MSCT、MRA、DSA都能作出诊断(按DeBakey分型，Ⅰ型有4例，Ⅱ型有1例，Ⅲ型有12例)，但只有MSCT能明确显示夹层的范围和分支的受累情况，以及剥离内膜瓣、裂口及主动脉的周围情况。而MRA对裂口的检出率只有21．74％，DSA可达87．0％。结论：MSCT对AD的分型以及破裂口的定位诊断更具准确性，对动脉分支显示更清晰。     

Analysis on Differential Expression Genes in Porcine Aortic Vascular Endothelial Cells Induced by Apolipoprotein C Ⅲ

The aim of this study was to investigate the differential expression genes induced by ApoCⅢ,and study the function of ApoCⅢ.Porcine aortic vascular endothelial cells were successfully isolated using enzyme digestion,and then screened the differential expression genes induced by ApoCⅢ using the Solexa high-throughput sequencing technology.The results showed 647 differential expression genes,including 390 up-regulated genes and 257 down-regulated genes.The qRT-PCR results verified that the gene expression results from Solexa sequencing data were reliable.GO and Pathway analysis showed that the function of differential expression genes were related to immune response,cell apoptosis and death.These findings suggested that ApoCⅢ affected the physiological function of porcine aortic endothelial cells by the molecular pathways of inflammation,cell adhesion and apoptosis,which provided a theoretical basis for further understanding the molecular mechanisms of atherosclerosis caused by ApoCⅢ.     

湖北白猪Ⅲ系额窦发育的解剖观察

猪额窦的发育与其年龄的增长成正相关。湖北白猪Ⅲ系的额窦发育也遵循这一规律。它在胎儿期,额骨的鼻额部汉是一层柔软骨板,出生后形成骨松质,到15公斤体重时,骨松质开始形成小腔室,30公斤体重时,形成主窦和许多侧窦,以后主窦加大并向后伸展,侧窦逐渐融合与主窦相通,到90—120公斤体重阶段,主窦和侧窦合并向额骨后端伸展,到达两眼眶后缘的连线。随着年龄的增长还可扩大到顶骨。在这一进展的过程中,通城猪(早熟品种)额窦发育最快,长白猪的较慢,湖北白猪Ⅲ系则界于两者之间,这与它全身发育界于两者之间是一致的。说明额窦的发育与品种的成熟程度有密切关系。从这一点出发,也可看出湖出白猪Ⅲ系生长发育的成熟程度界于两者之间而偏早熟。它属于优良的瘦肉猪新品种之一。     

刺参血系统的超微结构观察与功能探讨

在光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜下观察刺参血系统的组织细胞结构，探讨血系统的生理功能，结果显示：(1)刺参的血系统由复杂的管网构成，排列紧密的血管上皮细胞和上皮下连续成层的基膜，构成血系统中连续而封闭的管状结构，管腔中充满血液，血系统的管网承担了血管输送血液的功能，并通过与呼吸树的连接完成血液的气体交换。(2)血管上皮细胞游离面的细胞膜、微绒毛和吞饮小泡呈酸性磷酸酶阳性反应，表明细胞具有吸收功能。血管上皮细胞内的小泡在管壁内外的物质运输中起作用。由单层细胞和基膜构成的血管壁是血液与体腔液进行物质交换的场所。(3)血管上皮细胞富含内质网、脂滴、线粒体及分泌自噬体，具有类固醇激素分泌细胞的超微结构特点，可能与刺参体内的固醇合成有关。     

白甲鱼、大鳍鳠和斑鳜肾的比较组织学研究

白甲鱼、大鳍鳠和斑鳜肾的比较组织学研究钟明超（中山大学，广州５１０２７５）关键词肾，组织学，白甲鱼，大鳍　，斑鳜ＣＯＭＰＡＲＡＴＩＶＥＡＮＤＨＩＳＴＯＬＯＧＩＣＡＬＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＮＴＨＥＫＩＤＮＥＹＳＯＦＶＡＲＩＣＯＲＨＩＮＵＳＳＩＮＵＳ，ＭＹＳＴ...     

内窝孔式棉花精量穴播轮的试验

目前,新疆棉花种植广泛采用半精量穴播轮,其原理是勺式取种,存在下种量大、重播率高、下种不均匀、后续工作量大等缺陷,已不适应当前棉花产业发展要求。气吸式精量穴播轮可实现一穴一粒,准确率高,但气吸式棉花穴播机结构复杂、造价高,对机具维护、使用者技能以及整地有较高要求。另外,作业时拖拉机须保持高速运转,能源消耗大,因而限制了气吸式精量穴播轮的普及和推广。为此,将内窝孔取种原理应用于棉花精量取种,介绍了内窝孔式穴播轮的结构和工作过程,并进行了排种试验和分析。由试验得知,内窝孔式取种原理可用于新疆棉花的精量取种。     

Practices and outcome of artificial cardiac pacing in 154 dogs

Artificial pacing (AP) is a treatment for symptomatic bradyarrhythmias unresponsive to medical therapy. This retrospective study was designed to define the practices and outcome of AP in dogs at 7 referral institutions participating in the Companion Animal Pacemaker Registry and Repository (CANPACERS). The indications, implantation techniques, complications, long-term outcome, and owner satisfaction were examined. One hundred fifty-four dogs were identified as undergoing AP from January 1, 1991, to January 1, 1996. Third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block (n = 91; 59%) and sinus node dysfunction (n = 45; 29%) were the most common indications for AP Transvenous endocardial AP systems were implanted in 136 dogs (88%), and epicardial systems were implanted in 18 (12%). Complications associated with AP were reported in 84 dogs (55%). Major complications occurred in 51 dogs (33%), including dislodgement of the pacing lead (n = 15; 10%), generator failure (n = 10; 6%), cardiac arrest during implantation (n = 9; 6%), and infection (n = 7; 5%). Minor complications occurred in 47 dogs (31%), including seroma formation (n = 18; 12%), muscle twitch (n = 17; 11%), and inconsequential arrhythmias (n = 15; 10%). Fourteen dogs (9%) experienced both major and minor complications. Survival analysis revealed 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates of 70, 57, and 45%, respectively. Age and presence of preexisting congestive heart failure (CHF) had a negative effect on survival (P = .001). Sixty percent of dogs with preexisting CHF died within 1 year of implantation, whereas 25% of dogs without heart failure died during the same period. Owners rated their satisfaction with the procedure as high in 80% of the dogs.     

IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—AORTIC THROMBOEMBOLISM ASSOCIATED WITH SPIROCERCOSIS IN A DOG

An 8-year-old neutered female Rhodesian Ridgeback developed acute, nonneurological right pelvic limb lameness. Femoral pulsation was poor, and oscillometric blood pressure measurements between the two pelvic limbs differed markedly. A caudal aortic right external iliac embolus was detected sonographically. Radiographically, there was a caudal esophageal mass and thoracic vertebral spondylitis typical of spirocercosis. Using CT-angiography, a caudal thoracic aortic aneurysm with a mural thrombus was detected. The dog recovered following heparin and aspirin therapy but signs recurred 7 months later. Subsequently, the patient improved on treatment and remains asymptomatic. This report illustrates the value of CT-angiography in detecting aortic thrombosis in dogs with spirocercosis.     

The role of head computed tomography in equine practice

This retrospective study describes the computed tomography (CT) findings in 59 horses presented with diseases of the head over 8 years that underwent CT examination of this region, including dental or sinonasal diseases (Group A) (n = 42), osseous and/or articular diseases (Group B) (n = 11) and soft tissue diseases (Group C) (n = 6). For Group A, radiographic and CT findings comparison was possible. Computed tomography had higher sensitivity (100%) and specificity (96.7%) than radiography in diagnosing dental disease. Compared to CT, radiographic identification of sinus involvement was less sensitive, particularly for ventral conchal and sphenopalatine sinuses and presented an overall sensitivity of 43.5 and 16.7%, respectively. In Group B CT allowed identification of a higher number of bone fragments and fractures in the maxillary, lacrimal, sphenoidal, temporal and zygomatic bones not identified radiographically. Accurate identification of CT changes in the temporomandibular joint and temporohyoid articulation was also possible. Group C included both intra‐ and extra‐cranial disease, retrobulbar masses being the most representative pathology (n = 3). In this group, CT was considered the gold standard for detection of periorbital diseases. We conclude that CT is an imaging technique with high diagnostic value for evaluating the equine head, yielding additional information over multiple radiographic views, which may alter the outcome of the case. Additionally, this paper reports several conditions not previously described using CT.