Decreased transport of orally administered protein into the blood circulation of developing juveniles of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica

ABSTRACT: To clarify the quantitative changes in the transport of orally intubated protein into the blood circulation as macromolecules in development, immunoglobulin Y (IgY) extracted from chicken eggs was administered orally to juvenile Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica . For the first experiment, which was performed before the commencement of artificial feeding, the oral delivery of 2.0 μg/0.1 g bodyweight of IgY resulted in a rapid increase in plasma IgY to a maximum of 2.30 μg/mL. However, the transport of IgY into the blood decreased significantly in the experiments that followed, which were performed after 12, 25 and 42 days. During this period, bodyweight increased approximately by a factor of eight, and rapid growth of the stomach was observed histologically. Possible contributions for the development of the alimentary canal to the diminishment of intestinal protein assimilation are discussed.     

Investigations on the Occurrence of Hereditary Diseases in the Danish Cattle Population 1989-1991

Agerholm, J.S., A. Basse and K. Christensen: Investigations on the occurrence of hereditary diseases in the Danish cattle population 1989-1991. Acta vet. scand. 1993, 34, 245-253.– The methods of the Danish Bovine Genetic Disease Programme are outlined, and the results obtained during the first 3 years in function are described. The most common disease reported was spinal muscular atrophy in calves of the Red Danish Dairy breed with 312 reports. Necropsy was performed on 162 cases, and spinal muscular atrophy was diagnosed in 82 of these. Bovine progressive degenerative mye-loencephalopathy, rectovaginal constriction, syndrome of arthrogryposis and palatoschisis, hereditary chondrodysplasia (2 different types), syndactylism, epitheliogenesis imperfecta, and osteogenesis imperfecta was diagnosed with 1 case each. Lethal trait A46 was diagnosed in 4 calves. Some of these diseases have not previously been described in Denmark, and epitheliogenesis imperfecta was for the first time diagnosed in the Hereford breed. Chromosome translocation 1/29 was detected in the Blonde d’Aquitaine (BAQ), Limousine, and Red Danish Dairy breed. The aberration occurred frequently in BAQ. Furthermore, a complex chromosome translocation t(l;8;9)(q45;ql3;q26) was detected in the Red Danish Dairy breed.     

无特定病原体京白鸡的核型研究

采用腹腔注射秋水仙素,取骨髓细胞制备染色体标本,对无特定病原体京白鸡的核型进行了分析.并根据前10对染色体相对长度、臂比值及着丝点指数的测量结果,与已公布的其它地方鸡品种进行了比较.     

我国牦牛染色体研究现状

综述了近10年来我国牦牛染色体研究的情况,认为牦牛与普通牛在部分常染色体和Y染色体结构上的差异是导致犏牛雄性不育的原因之一,并指出我国牦牛染色体的研究,今后应以染色体带型标准化,染色体带型与经济性状的相关性,牦牛与其它牛种染色体的比较研究等为主攻方向。     

动物细胞遗传学研究现状及其应用

本文介绍了细胞遗传学在动物方面的研究现状及其在畜牧业上的应用。细胞遗传学的研究主要以染色体为对象。目前世界上现存的哺乳动物约4100多种,其中进行过染色体研究或核型分析的有1468种,我国已研究过的有242种。细胞遗传学在人类医学上的应用是众所周知的,在畜牧业上主要用于对种畜进行细胞学检查,以消除对家畜繁殖性能有影响的畸变染色本,以染色体标记来识别家畜品种,对环境污染的监测及遗传操作中的染色体工程。     

A Comparison of Techniques for Preparing Somatic Chromosomes in Ribes Species

Ribes plants,like most of other fruit trees ,are characterized by their large number but small size of somatic chromosomes.In the light of these spccial characteristies,we have examined several factorial combinations of material,pretreatment,slide preparing method and stain to identify the most promising techique for studying the chromosomes and further analyzing the karyotypes and chromosome banding of Ribes plants.The resuts indicated that the combination of root tip with pretreatment of 2m molL^-1 8-hydroxyquinoline plus 0.05% colchicine or 0.3% balm for 3-5 hours at 14℃,pre-hypotonic treatment of 0.07mol L^-1 KCl for 30min,fixation in Carnoy‘s fluid,hydrolysis in 5% cellulase and 5% pectinase mixture for 4-5 hours at 25℃,post-hypotoic treatment in distilled water for half an hour and staining in Giemsa Could make the chromosome preparation superior to other treatment combinations.     

绿豆根尖染色体的G显带

用风油精法在绿豆根尖细胞染色体上显示出了Ｇ带,其带纹数目随染色体浓缩程度而变化,以早中期和早后期的Ｇ带较为清晰,同源染色体带纹的数目、大小和分布基本一致,本文还讨论了风油精在Ｇ带诱导中的作用机制。     

一个马铃薯Y病毒山东分离物的分离与鉴定

 从具有典型花叶症状的马铃薯叶片中分离到马铃薯Y病毒(Potato virus Y,PVY)(本文称PVY-SD-TA分离物),扩繁后,提纯病毒,电镜下可观察到700~900 nm×11 nm的病毒粒体,病组织超薄切片观察可见风轮状的内含体结构,寄主反应特性研究表明其能侵染2科13种植物。SDS-PAGE电泳检测病毒编码的外壳蛋白亚基的分子量为33 kDa。以PVY-SD-TA基因组RNA为模板,应用RT-PCR方法和特异引物合成了外壳蛋白基因。对cDNA全序列分析表明,PVY-SD-TA CP基因核苷酸序列与N株系的同源性为96%,与GenBank中登录序列号为AJ390306的O株系分离物的同源性最高,为99%;与国内不同学者报道的PVY中国流行株的同源性分别为96%,97%和98%。通过以上生物学特性和分子水平的研究将PVY-SD-TA鉴定为普通株系(PVY^O株系)。     

2种羊巴贝斯虫的核型及系统发育分析

为明确引起羊巴贝斯虫病的病原虫莫氏巴贝斯虫临潭株(Babesia motasi Lintan,BLT)及羊巴贝斯虫未定种新疆株(Babesia sp.Xinjiang,BXJ)的核型和亲缘关系,通过DNA大片段脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)和三代高通量测序对2种虫体进行核型分析和系统发育分析。结果表明:2种巴贝斯虫都有4条染色体,但基因组的大小与核型分析不一致,莫氏巴贝斯虫临潭株基因组大小为11.1 Mb,4条染色体大小分别为6.0 Mb、3.0 Mb、1.1 Mb和1.0 Mb;羊巴贝斯虫未定种新疆株基因组大小为7.0 Mb,4条染色体分别为2.4 Mb、2.0 Mb、1.7 Mb和0.9 Mb;羊巴贝斯虫未定种新疆株与牛巴贝斯虫的亲缘性较近,而莫氏巴贝斯虫临潭株与双芽巴贝斯虫的亲缘关系较近。