柴油机瞬态VNT开度优化研究

瞬态工况下,可变喷嘴涡轮增压器(Variable Nozzle Turbocharger,VNT)开度的调节对柴油机增压压力、扭矩响应及污染物排放具有较大影响.为优化瞬态工况下VNT开度,实现瞬态工况下柴油机与VNT的协调控制,该研究以配备VNT的高压共轨柴油机为对象,通过台架试验研究了不同转速下负荷1、3和5 s从0...     

抗鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒中和性单克隆抗体的建立和应用

用氟利昂去除法氏囊组织杂蛋白,并经甘油-酒石酸钾密度梯度离心进一步纯化,通过电镜观察、光密度测定和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE).证明得到的鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)形态完整。将纯化的IBDV 免疫 BALB/C 鼠,取其脾细胞与 SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞融合,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和病毒中和试验(VNT)检测分泌抗体,获得了6株稳定分泌抗 IBDV 中和性单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞,分别命名为 NIB_1、NIB_2、NIB_3、NIB_4、NIB_5、NIB_6。还建立了检测 IBDV 的单克隆抗体双抗体 ELISA。     

Confirmation of the occurrence of the chewing louse Bovicola (Lepikentron) breviceps (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Trichodectidae) on alpacas (Lama pacos) in New Zealand

Abstract

AIM: To investigate the cause of classical swine fever (CSF) virus-seropositive animals in a nucleus pig-breeding herd in New Zealand, where porcine circovirus-associated disease had been diagnosed.

CASE HISTORY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS: An exotic disease investigation was undertaken to exclude CSF and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) on a nucleus pig-breeding herd comprising approximately 300 breeding sows, 1,000 weaners, and 650 grower pigs. The herd was experiencing poor reproductive performance in sows, and breeding records showed a declining farrowing rate attributable to a single manager. The growing pigs (10–15 weeks old) were experiencing respiratory disease and wasting, and the mortality rate by pen varied between 9 and 20%. Post-mortem changes in affected grower pigs were consistent with circovirus-associated diseases.

DIAGNOSTIC TESTING: Serological screening using an IDEXX-ELISA gave negative results for PRRS virus antibodies, but two grower pigs and one sow tested positive for CSF virus antibodies. These three seropositive animals remained positive to CSF virus, using three commercial ELISA test kits, over 27 weeks. A newly developed virus neutralisation test (VNT), using a New Zealand isolate of border disease (BD) virus, demonstrated that the seropositive pig sera had higher antibody titres to BD virus than to bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) virus and CSF virus.

PCR performed on tonsil, kidney, ileum and spleen gave negative results for CSF virus, and histopathology on lymph nodes, intestine, lung, kidney, liver and brain showed no evidence of the disease. Virus isolation performed on a number of samples was negative.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The seropositive samples for CSF virus found in this investigation were likely to be a cross reaction to a pestivirus other than CSF virus. The finding of a possible endemic pestivirus capable of being transmitted between sheep and pigs on this farm may explain findings from previous serological survey work in New Zealand, and supports experience elsewhere, where BD virus was found to be the predominant ruminant pestivirus infecting pigs. The results show that pestivirus cross reactivity can result in unexpectedly high titres, and that testing with a full set of (local) pestiviruses is necessary to reach the correct conclusion. The investigation has direct relevance where pig herds with a low seroprevalence are encountered during surveillance for CSF.     

应用固相竞争ELISA、液相阻断ELISA和中和试验检测口蹄疫抗体的比较研究

为了评价建立的口蹄疫固相竞争酶联免疫吸附试验(solid phase competition ELISA,SPC-ELISA)方法与传统的中和试验(VNT)和液相阻断酶联免疫吸附试验(liquid phase block ELISA,LPB-ELISA)检测方法之间的关系,本研究对野外采集的不同种类的猪、牛和牦牛共94份血清样品分别进行O型口蹄疫病毒SPC-ELISA、LPB-ELISA和VNT检测,并分别比较3种方法的符合率和阳性检出率。结果表明,建立的O型口蹄疫病毒SPC-ELISA方法与VNT 具有很好的符合率,达88.3%,其中,猪和牦牛血清符合率高达90%和89.5%,阳性检出率为91.2%比LPB-ELISA更符合VNT,因此建立的SPC-ELISA方法比LPB-ELISA方法更符合VNT。