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研究了天然有机物胡敏酸和富里酸 ,螯合剂EDTA和DTPA和四种简单有机酸对紫色土镉的溶出效应和吸附解吸行为的影响。结果表明 ,供试八种有机物均能显著促进镉从紫色土中的溶出。作用大小顺序为 :EDTA≥DTPA >柠檬酸 >胡敏酸 >草酸 >富里酸 >酒石酸≥水杨酸。有机物对土壤镉溶出和迁移的影响是其对土壤镉吸附和解吸综合作用的结果。有机物显著降低了紫色土对镉的吸附 ,其作用大小顺序与其对镉的溶出能力的相对大小顺序一致 ,同时也改变了吸附镉的解吸特性。有机物影响下 ,紫色土镉的吸附动力学模型以双常数方程拟合最佳。而吸附等温曲线以Freundlich方程拟合最好 ,吸附常数n与有机物对土壤镉的溶出率之间存在良好的相关性。 相似文献
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[目的]研究木糖结晶的溶解度及介稳区。[方法]采用激光法试验考察了木糖在纯水、乙醇-水溶液中的溶解度以及木糖在水中的超溶解度,确定木糖水溶液的结晶介稳区。[结果]木糖在纯水和不同体积配比的乙醇-水溶液中的溶解度随着溶液体系温度降低而明显减小,结晶介稳区的宽度在低温范围内比高温阶段要宽。[结论]为利用农产品废弃物木糖结晶的生产操作提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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为了能有效检测桑树中的类似类病毒小分子RNA(mscRNA),给解明mscRNA与桑树花叶型萎缩病发生的关系提供依据,以来自不同蚕区和不同季节发病桑园中的桑树花叶型萎缩病病株叶片为材料,采用LiCl法和DEAE纤维素柱层析法分别提取病叶组织中的mscRNA,然后利用往返聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(Return-PAGE)进行检测鉴定,并对mscRNA在2mol/LLiCl溶液中的溶解性及该检测方法的灵敏度进行分析。结果显示:采用LiCl法和DEAE纤维素柱层析法都可以有效地提取阳性材料中含有的mscRNA;在溶解及不溶于2mol/LLiCl的阳性材料RNA样品中均含有丰富的mscRNA,mscRNA在LiCl溶液中的溶解性与已知类病毒的溶解性有很大的差异;当提取的病桑叶片组织总RNA量为480ng时,通过Return-PAGE可以检测到mscRNA,当总RNA量≤96ng时,已检测不到其中含有的mscRNA;在36株发病植株的叶片总RNA样品中,有7个样品检测出含有mscRNA,检出率约19%,在一些病症明显的植株样品中未检测出mscRNA,而在一些病症较轻的植株样品中却检测出mscRNA。检测结果提示:mscRNA与桑树花叶型萎缩病症的表现没有表现出明显的关联。 相似文献
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Sang?Youn?Oh Dong?Il?YooEmail author Younsook?Shin Wha?Seop?Lee Seong?Mu?Jo 《Fibers and Polymers》2002,3(1):1-7
Cellulose carbonate was prepared by the reaction of cellulose pulp and CO2 with treatment reagents, such as aqueous ZnCl2 (20–40 wt%) solution, acetone or ethyl acetate, at −5–0°C and 30–40 bar (CO2) for 2 hr. Among the treatment reagents, ethyl acetate was the most effective. Cellulose carbonate was dissolved in 10% sodium
hydroxide solution containing zinc oxide up to 3 wt% at −5–0°C. Intrinsic viscosities of raw cellulose and cellulose carbonate
were measured with an Ubbelohde viscometer using 0.5 M cupriethylenediamine hydroxide (cuen) as a solvent at 20°C according
to ASTM D1795 method. The molecular weight of cellulose was rarely changed by carbonation. Solubility of cellulose carbonate
was tested by optical microscopic observation, UV absorbance and viscosity measurement. Phase diagram of cellulose carbonate
was obtained by combining the results of solubility evaluation. Maximum concentration of cellulose carbonate for soluble zone
was increased with increasing zinc oxide content. Cellulose carbonate solution in good soluble zone was transparent and showed
the lowest absorbance and the highest viscosity. The cellulose carbonate and its solution were stable in refrigerator (−5°C
and atmospheric pressure). 相似文献
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Changes in pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids and proteins ofDabar sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (Linn) Moench.) during naturalfermentation at 37 °C for up to 36 h were monitored. The pH ofthe fermenting material decreased sharply with a concomitant increase in the titratable acidity. Total soluble solids increased with progressivefermentation time. The crude protein and non-protein nitrogen slightlyincreased during the last stages of fermentation. The in vitroprotein digestibility markedly increased as a result of fermentation.The globulin plus albumin fractions increased significantly (p 0.05)during the first 8 h of fermentation. Kaffirin fraction decreasedduring the first 8 h of fermentation but increased sharply as fermentationprogressed. Cross-linked kaffirins fluctuated during the fermentationprocess. Glutelin like protein, which was the minor fraction, trueglutelins, the second most abundant fraction, together with non-extractableproteins fluctuated during the fermentation process. 相似文献
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Nugdallah Gaafar A. El Tinay Abdullahi H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1997,51(3):277-282
Nine cowpea cultivars obtained from Wad Medani Research Station were used in this study. The variation in protein fraction was: albumins 4.0–12.0, globulins 65.6–79.7, prolamins 1.4–2.2, G1-glutelins 0.9–3.0, G2-glutelins 1.4–2.9. G3-glutenins 9.1–14.0 and insoluble protein 0.5–3.0%. Two cowpea cultivars, H8-14 and CB-46, selected for their high albumin content, were cooked in 150 ml of boiling distilled water under reflux for 45 minutes. The protein fractions in the cooked seeds were determined. Results indicated that albumin and globulin fractions decreased significantly (p0.05) for both cultivars after cooking. This decrease was accompanied by a significant increase in G3-glutelin fractions. 相似文献
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The effect of main chain structure of anion-containing copolyesters on the properties of copolyester sizing agents was investigated.
The copolyesters were prepared by conventional two step polymerization technique from DMT, DMI, DMS, EG, and DEG. The copolyesters
synthesized were characterized by atomic absorption spectroscopy,1H-NMR Spectroscopy, GC, FTIR Spectroscopy, and DSC. The solubility decreased as the DMT content increased. The copolyesters
having DMT:DMI=1:1 showed the minimum viscosity. The effect of EG content on the solution stability was not clear and the
samples having high DMI content showed better solution stability. The water resistance was best when only DMI and EG were
used, while it was worst when DMT:DMI was 1:0. 相似文献
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全反射X-射线荧光法分析茶叶中的矿质元素 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
用全反射X -射线荧光法 (TXRF)分析了江西婺绿和宁红茶的矿质元素含量。结果表明 ,所测茶叶中P、S、K、Ca的含量在 2 4 70~ 30 70 0 μg/g ;Mn、Fe在 2 0 6~ 10 70 μg/g ;Ti、Ni、Cu、Zn、Rb、Sr、Ba在 5 5~ 12 2 μg/g ;Pb含量均小于 4 0 μg/g (干基 )。宁红还表现出 ,品质越好 ,P、Ni、Zn含量越高 ,而K、Ca、Mn、Sr、Ba含量则相反。茶汤中K、Rb、Ni的浸出率为 30 5%~ 86 4% ;P、S、Mn、Cu、Zn、Sr为 11 6 %~ 4 2 4% ;Ca为 7 2 %~ 12 6 % ;Fe为 1 1% -2 6 %。茶汤中Ti、Ba、Pb的含量均低于TXRF法的检测限。宁红茶汤还表现出 ,品质越好 ,K、Ca、Mn、Zn、Rb、Sr的浸出率越高。但红茶汤中的K、Zn、Rb、Ni浸出率明显低于绿茶 相似文献