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1.
Cynodon dactylon is a low-growing C4 weed that is highly sensitive to shading. This species shows severe biomass reductions and highly plastic morphological changes in response to resource availability. The objective of this study was to analyse the effect of shading on the spatial and biomass growth of C. dactylon . Two experiments were carried out exploring different environmental conditions. Six treatments were applied on C. dactylon patches. Daylight and 18%, 41%, 48%, 69% and 85% shading of daylight photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) were imposed in Expt 1 and 0%, 22%, 44%, 50%, 74% and 87% shading of daylight PAR in Expt 2. Patches were slightly elliptical in shape and grew 3.2 and 1.5 cm d−1 with 0% shading, on average, during the whole studied periods in Expts 1 and 2 respectively. Biomass was significantly reduced from 41% shading onwards in Expt 1 and from 50% shading in Expt 2. However, patch extension rate was only significantly reduced from 85% and 74% shading in Expts 1 and 2 respectively. Biomass partitioning was modified by shading in both experiments. A functional analysis of C. dactylon patches showed that the patch extension rate diminished linearly when patch biomass growth rate was lower than 1.66 g d−1 ; above this value, the extension rate remained constant. 相似文献
2.
本文根据系统分析方法,利用正交旋转组合设计于固体培养系统中测定培养基的样量、细菌培养时间、接线虫量和线虫培养时间对Steinernemacarpocapsae 和Heterorhabditisbacteiphora产量的综合影响,确定虫的优化培养参数。 相似文献
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4.
针对生物柴油液液静电雾化乳化过程,建立了色散方程并应用Matlab进行数值计算,分析了水射流速度、荷电电压、水与生物柴油各自的黏度、表面张力对生物柴油中水射流不稳定性的影响.研究结果表明,在水-生物柴油系统中,提高水射流的速度或荷电电压,均能使界面波最大增长率增大,对应的最优波数也随之增加.水的黏度阻碍水射流的破碎雾化,而生物柴油黏度对水射流的破碎雾化却起着促进作用.水-生物柴油的界面张力越小,对液液静电雾化乳化过程越有利.在水-生物柴油液液静电雾化乳化实际应用过程中,除提高水射流速度和荷电电压外,提高水的温度同时尽可能地降低生物柴油的温度,可以形成粒径细小均匀离散相液滴,获得优质的生物柴油乳化燃油. 相似文献
5.
AIM: To study the effect of remifentanil on monophasic action potential and transmural dispersion of repolarization (TDR) in the 3-layer myocardium of isolated rabbit hearts. METHODS: Adult rabbits (n=18, 2.0 ~ 2.5 kg) were used to isolate the hearts for preparing Langendorff perfusion model. The hearts were randomly divided into 3 groups after perfusion with K-H solution for 15 min: the perfusion in control group (C group) continued for 60 min; the hearts in remifentanil group (R group) were perfused with 12 μg/L remifentanil K-H solution for 60 min; the hearts in remifentanil+aminophylline group (RA group) were given 60-min perfusion of 12 μg/L K-H remifentanil+30 mg/L aminophylline. The HR and 3 layers of myocardial monophasic action potential (MAP) in the left ventricular anterior wall were recorded at time points after balanced infusion for 15 min (T0), and continued perfusion for 15 min (T1), 30 min (T2) and 60 min (T3). The monophasic action potential duration of repolarization at 90% (MAPD90) and the transmural dispersion of repolarization (TDR) were calculated. The early afterdepolarization, delay afterdepolarization and arrhythmia were also observed. RESULTS: In R group, slower HR and prolonger MAPD90 and TDR at T1~T3 were observed as compared with those at T0 (P<0.05). R group showed slower HR and longer MAPD90 and TDR than C group and RA group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Remifentanil slows the HR, extends the MAPD90 and increases the TDR, thus being prone to induce reentry. Aminophylline makes HR faster and MAPD90 shorter, thereby reducing the TDR. 相似文献
6.
选用S7-200 PLC,结合组态王人机交互界面,运用激光轮廓和色泽集成扫描技术设计了一种实木板材双面检测系统。主要介绍了该检测系统的工作原理和工作流程,简述了检测装置的整体结构及其传动、升降、检测、行程控制等主要模块的设计及电气控制系统总体设计。试运行表明,该装置集合PLC和组态王的优势,利用激光扫描技术,可实现对板材双面检测过程的实时控制;板材检测运用色泽与轮廓相结合,有效地解决了现有实木板材单面检测系统不能全面地反映实木板材表面缺陷状况的难题。该设计可为实木板材表面缺陷检测中三维轮廓检测技术的进一步应用提供有益参考。 相似文献
7.
[目的]研究漏斗形马勃在7种不同基础培养基上的生长情况。[方法]采用7种基础培养基进行试验,通过液体和固体培养,以菌丝体生物量及菌落直径为指标,确定漏斗形马勃的最佳基础培养基。[结果]最适合漏斗形马勃生长的基础培养基配方为玉米渣4%、蛋白胨0.3%、蔗糖2%、KH2PO41%、Mg SO40.05%。在28℃和摇床转速150 r/min条件下,液体培养5 d后的菌丝体干重为16.56 g/L。在28℃固体培养7 d,菌丝体鲜重和干重分别为16.47和2.27 g/L,菌落直径为4.49 cm。[结论]该研究为漏斗形马勃培养条件的进一步优化奠定了基础。 相似文献
8.
BACKGROUND
Multicopters are used for releasing particulates seeds, fertilizer and spray. Their low cost and high manoeuvrability make them attractive for spraying in steep terrain and areas where overspray is undesirable. This article describes a model of multicopter wake and its influence on particulate dispersion, which is computationally economical compared to many computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approaches, yet retains reasonable accuracy.RESULTS
A model was successfully implemented in OpenFOAM . It features source terms for the rotor wash, Lagrangian particle tracking, an evaporation model, and a porous medium approach to model the effect of the ground vegetation. Predictions were validated against the field tests of Richardson et al. which used a DJI Agras MG-1 multicopter in three different flights with airspeeds of 3.2–4.9 m s−1, ground speeds of 2.1–2.9 m s−1 and cross-wind speeds of 0.04–2.2 m s−1. The effective swath width (30% line separation) was predicted to within one standard deviation. Sensitivity to a rotor rotational speed, flight height, flight velocity, multicopter roll and yaw angles, surface roughness length, plant height and leaf density was checked.CONCLUSION
In all flight trials, the modelled swath was closest to the experimentally obtained swath when the surface roughness of the fetch was equal to 0.5 m (bushes) and the rotational speed of all rotors was equal to 2475 rpm with 0.75R (0.2 m) tall plant canopy (grass) introduced to the model. The model showed acceptable validity for flight velocities of ≤2.8–5 m s−1 when flight parameters can be approximately estimated. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. 相似文献9.
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