Light modulation of volatile organic compounds from petunia flowers and select fruits

Light intensity, duration, direction, and wavelength are informative to plants. The biochemical circuits that connect specific light wavelengths to expression of specific genes and the metabolic networks they govern have been well defined. However, little emphasis has been placed on how discrete wavelengths of light, alone or in combination, may be applied to manipulate postharvest qualities of high-value horticultural crops. Using narrow-bandwidth LED light we test the hypothesis that discrete light wavelengths can affect the accumulation of volatile compounds known to affect aroma or taste in select flower and fruit products. Volatile benzenoid/phenylpropanoid emission from petunia flowers could be altered with light application. Levels of a key floral volatile, 2-phenylethanol, increased with a red and far-red light treatment. Similar experiments demonstrated that fruit volatile profiles of tomato, strawberry, and blueberry can be manipulated with specific light treatments. These results suggest that compounds affecting sensory qualities of flowers and fruits can be modified by adjustment of ambient light conditions. These findings open new areas of inquiry about how the fragrance and flavor of flowers and fruits may be improved with simple changes in postharvest light conditions.     

小菜蛾成虫对几种蔬菜气味的嗜好性研究

采用四臂嗅觉仪,研究十字花科蔬菜叶、茄科蔬菜叶及果实的挥发气味对小菜蛾成虫的影响。结果表明,十字花科蔬菜中小白菜叶对小菜蛾成虫有显著的引诱作用,小白菜叶>油菜叶≥甘蓝叶>大白菜叶;茄科蔬菜中番茄叶对小菜蛾成虫有显著的驱避作用,番茄叶>辣椒叶≥茄子叶;小菜蛾成虫对蔬菜果实气味的选择性顺序为:番茄果实>茄子果实>辣椒果实。     

从《紫钗记》与《牡丹亭》管窥明代女性园林香境

园林是明代女性生活的重要空间,用香赏香是女性园林生活中不可或缺的内容,丰富的香气与女性的情感交融,营造出意蕴深远的香境,这在戏剧中体现得尤为突出.选择明代戏剧家汤显祖的作品《紫钗记》与《牡丹亭》为研究材料,梳理其中描述的女性园林空间的主要香气来源,解析氤氲的香气及其所在环境所蕴含的女性丰富情感,以此窥探明代女性园林香境...     

Benefits of Jasminum polyanthum's natural aromas on human emotions and moods

Aromatic plants hold great potential to affect the health of urban residents. Studying the positive effects of natural aromas emitted by aromatic plants on urban residents is necessary. In this research, Pink Jasmine (Jasminum polyanthum), a woody vine species widely used in urban landscape, was selected as the research subject to address the following research questions: Whether the natural aromas from Pink Jasmin’s flowers can influence human health? How do the period of exposure to the aroma affect its effects? A total of 48 college students were recruited to participate in a controlled study. The participants were divided into three groups, and olfactory experiments were conducted in the morning, afternoon, and evening. Their emotional and mood states were measured using an EPOC+ portable EEG headset and the POMS scale. The results showed that smelling the Pink Jasmin’s flowers can promote positive emotions and relaxation in three periods. Among them, exposure in the morning can enhance vigor, exposure in the afternoon can alleviate negative emotions, and exposure in evening may lead to better relaxation and alleviate depression; Our results provide support for the incorporation of Pink Jasmin, as well as aromatic woody vine species in a broader sense, in urban green spaces with the objective of enhancing their health benefits.     

调味剂对动物嗅觉、味觉、肠道功能的调控研究进展

饲料的适口性是动物对饲料的气味及口感等的综合感知,在一定程度上影响动物的采食量,而动物的采食量与生产性能有较高的正相关。气味的感知主要源于鼻腔内嗅觉神经的突起,口感的感知主要由口腔内的味觉受体来完成,主要味觉受体包括甜味受体、鲜味受体和苦味受体等。食物进入胃肠道后,胃肠道上的味觉受体感应程度可影响并调节动物对食物的吸收率和采食行为。本文主要介绍了近年来有关鼻腔的嗅觉受体、口腔内的味觉受体和胃肠道内味觉受体和信号传递等相关研究,并就调味剂在动物生产上的应用进行综述,为调味剂的应用及相关研究提供一定借鉴。     

除臭固化剂在处理鸡粪中的应用

介绍了一种新型鸡粪除臭固化剂的基本原理和应用概况。除臭固化剂是采用酸碱的物理、化学作用,将鲜鸡粪的营养成分固定下来,改变粪中环球菌的繁殖所需的酸性条件,从而抑制繁殖数量,防止大量分解放出硫化氢气体,达到除臭目的。同时在多种氧化物和鸡粪中的气体相互作用下,使一臭二烧苗的鸡粪,在短时间内转化成安全、稳定、无臭、无公害的优质肥料。所用工艺简便、易在大中小型各类鸡场推广使用。     

除臭固化剂在处理鸡粪中的应用

介绍了一种新型鸡粪除臭固化剂的基本原理和应用概况。除臭固化剂是采用酸碱的物理、化学作用,将鲜鸡粪的营养成分固定下来,改变粪中环球菌的繁殖所需的酸性条件,从而抑制繁殖数量,防止大量分解放出硫化氢气体,达到除臭目的。同时在多种氧化物和鸡粪中的气体相互作用下,使一臭二烧苗的鸡粪,在短时间内转化成安全、稳定、无臭、无公害的优质肥料。所用工艺简便、易在大中小型各类鸡场推广使用。