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排序方式: 共有435条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
水分胁迫对荔枝幼树根系与梢生长的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
以盆栽沙培1年生荔枝空中压条苗为试材,研究了水分胁迫对荔枝幼树根系和梢生长的影响以及二者的相互关系。3个处理为:沙体积含水量为7.5%(严重缺水),15.0%(一般缺水),22.5%(充分供水)。结果表明:水分胁迫严重抑制荔枝幼树地上部分和各级侧根的生长,使地上部枝梢生长严重受阻,叶片数量、平均叶面积、叶片厚度均显著变小;根总干重、侧根长度、根表面积显著减少。水分胁迫下促进须根的生长,须根的长度、根表面积比水分充足时显著增加。水分胁迫时叶片淀粉含量下降,而根系积累更多的淀粉。比较不同处理的根梢比发现,干旱对根系生长的抑制作用比枝梢更显著。 相似文献
2.
糖和氮对山楂组织培养新梢生根的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用敞口山楂组培新梢研究糖和无机氮源对不定根形成的影响,含有高水平蔗糖的培养基比低水平蔗糖的培养基新梢生根率高。新梢对糖的这种反应与糖代谢和物理渗透都有关,用甘露醇作为渗透代替剂在低浓度蔗糖存在下无作用,当蔗糖浓度达到一定程度时(86.64mmol·1~(-1))能影响新梢的生根率。在培养基中分别加入NO_3~(-)-N或NH_4~(+)-N作为唯一氮源,或是在MS培养基中加入NO_3~-/NH_4~+比率为标准的混合氮源,在测试范围(0~120mmol·1~(-1))内均降低新梢的生根率,三者对生根的抑制作用大小顺序依次为NH_4~+>NO_3~(-)-NH_4~(+)-N>NO_3~(-)-N.NO_3~-/NH_4~+的比率影响生根。NO_3~-/NH_4~+比率与生根之间呈直线正相关。糖/氮比值高有利于生根。插穗中碳、氮的绝对量及碳/氮比率可作为山楂新梢生根的指标。 相似文献
3.
研究了氨苄青霉素(Amp)、羧苄青霉素(Carb)、头孢霉素(Cef)和卡那霉素(Km)对梨叶片愈伤组织和不定梢诱导的影响。结果表明,Amp对巴梨叶片分化影响较小,当浓度达500mg/L时,其出愈率和不定梢再生率分别为96.48%和56.17%,与对照差异不显著;Cef浓度在50-300mg/L时对巴梨和身不知叶片再生均无显著影响,只有当Cef浓度高于400mg/L时,巴梨的不定梢再生率才受到显著抑制;巴梨和身不知叶片对Carb的反应不相同,低浓度(≤200mg/L)的Carb对巴梨的出愈率和不定梢再生率影响较小,却显著抑制身不知的不定梢再生率,高浓度(≥300mg/L)的Carb不仅极显著抑制巴梨和身不知的出愈率,而且完全抑制了2者的不定梢再生;Km浓度大于10mg/L时,明显抑制愈伤组织的生长,且随着浓度的增加,死亡率逐渐增大,当Km浓度达100mg/L时,巴梨和身不知叶片死亡率达100%和96.30%。 相似文献
4.
培养条件对酸枣叶片不定梢再生率的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
以酸枣无菌苗叶片为外植体,选用基本培养基NN69和WPM,外源激素包括TDZ、IAA、IBA和NAA,暗培养时间为2、3、4周。采用正交实验设计方法,研究了基本培养基、外源激素及暗培养时间对叶片不定梢再生的影响。结果表明在附加TDZ1~3mg/L的WPM和NN69上都可诱导不定梢再生,但WPM比NN69更有效。暗培养时间对不定梢再生也有影响,暗培养3周比2、4周更有利于提高叶片的不定梢再生率。在附加TDZ1mg/L、IAA0.1mg/L的WPM培养基上,暗培养3周后转到光下培养,获得的不定梢再生率达87.5%。 相似文献
5.
6.
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important food legume, cultivated by small farmers and is usually exposed to unfavorable conditions with minimum use of inputs. Drought and low soil fertility, especially phosphorus and nitrogen (N) deficiencies, are major limitations to bean yield in smallholder systems. Beans can derive part of their required N from the atmosphere through symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF). Drought stress severely limits SNF ability of plants. The main objectives of this study were to: (i) test and validate the use of 15N natural abundance in grain to quantify phenotypic differences in SNF ability for its implementation in breeding programs of common bean with bush growth habit aiming to improve SNF, and (ii) quantify phenotypic differences in SNF under drought to identify superior genotypes that could serve as parents. Field studies were conducted at CIAT-Palmira, Colombia using a set of 36 bean genotypes belonging to the Middle American gene pool for evaluation in two seasons with two levels of water supply (irrigated and drought stress). We used 15N natural abundance method to compare SNF ability estimated from shoot tissue sampled at mid-pod filling growth stage vs. grain tissue sampled at harvest. Our results showed positive and significant correlation between nitrogen derived from the atmosphere (%Ndfa) estimated using shoot tissue at mid-pod filling and %Ndfa estimated using grain tissue at harvest. Both methods showed phenotypic variability in SNF ability under both drought and irrigated conditions and a significant reduction in SNF ability was observed under drought stress. We suggest that the method of estimating Ndfa using grain tissue (Ndfa-G) could be applied in bean breeding programs to improve SNF ability. Using this method of Ndfa-G, we identified four bean lines (RCB 593, SEA 15, NCB 226 and BFS 29) that combine greater SNF ability with greater grain yield under drought stress and these could serve as potential parents to further improve SNF ability of common bean. 相似文献
7.
马卡丛生芽培养条件优化及玻璃化控制研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
优化了南美产十字花科植物马卡丛生芽诱导和继代过程中的培养条件,使玻璃化现象得到了控制,提高了丛生芽的存活率。优化后的丛生芽诱导条件为:MS(pH 5.85~5.90)附加1~2 mg/L 6-BA,0.25 mg/L NAA,蔗糖30~35 g/L,琼脂6 g/L,诱导温度20~25℃,光照强度24μmol/(m2.s),光照时间16 h/d;优化后的丛生芽继代条件为:MS(pH 5.85~5.90)附加2 mg/L6-BA,0.25 mg/L NAA,培养温度15℃,光照强度24~41μmol/(m2.s),光照时间16 h/d。 相似文献
8.
以黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)子叶节为外植体,研究了品种、6-苄氨基嘌呤、外植体大小及硝酸银对黄瓜直接不定芽诱导的影响。结果表明:不同黄瓜品种直接不定芽数量诱导存在显著差异,但长度诱导无显著差异;6-苄氨基嘌呤对直接不定芽数量和长度的诱导作用显著,其中4.0mg/L为数量诱导适宜浓度,其出芽率和每外植体出芽数达到最高,分别为100.0%和11.1,0.5mg/L为长度诱导适宜浓度,其平均芽长12.0mm;外植体的大小对直接不定芽数量和长度均具显著影响,随着子叶的增大诱导直接不定芽的数量和长度增加,其中单片完整子叶为最适宜大小,其出芽率、每外植体出芽数和平均芽长分别达到100%、6.7和17.1mm;硝酸银也对直接不定芽数量诱导影响显著,其中2.0mg/L为适宜浓度,出芽率和每外植体出芽数分别达到97.2%和4.2,但对芽长有抑制作用。 相似文献
9.
10.
S. J. Kerley 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2000,32(2):94-101
The effects of a limed soil upon root and shoot growth of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) were investigated using soil tubes and pots. After 75 days in the soil tubes, the combined taproot and lateral root dry
weight in limed soil (2.5% CaO w/w) was significantly less than in neutral pH soil (by 57%). However, the dry weight and numbers
of cluster roots remained comparable between the treatments, demonstrating for the first time that the cluster roots respond
differently to the rest of the root system. Cluster roots accounted for 17% of the total root biomass in neutral soil, increasing
significantly to over 30% in limed soil. When grown for 43 days in pots containing soil with different additions of lime (0.5–2.5%
CaO w/w), soil citrate concentrations were higher than in the neutral pH soil treatment in all except the 2.5% lime treatment,
in which they were lower. In both experiments, shoot dry weights were lower in the presence of the limed soil compared with
those in the neutral pH soil. Although a reduction in shoot dry weight was not apparent at 21 days in the limed-soil tubes,
the initiation of fewer mainstem leaf primordia indicated a slower shoot development than occurred in the neutral soil. Plants
grown in the limed-soil tubes showed leaf yellowing and some chlorosis within 9 days. At the final harvest, the shoot phosphorus
and manganese concentrations were significantly lower in plants grown in limed soil compared with those in the neutral pH
soil, whereas the concentration of calcium was higher.
Received: 11 October 1999 相似文献