母猪热应激敏感指标体系的研究进展

母猪由于其皮下脂肪厚、汗腺不发达等特点,在高温环境下容易发生热应激。有研究表明:热应激会改变其生理状态和血液生化成分等,降低母猪繁殖力,造成严重的经济损失。然而,目前针对母猪热应激敏感指标的研究总体较粗略、评价体系不全面;而且,母猪的耐热性受遗传、年龄和日粮等多种因素的影响,使得准确评价母猪热应激状态比较困难,成为制约母猪适宜环境参数研究的重要因素。笔者在系统总结母猪热应激研究的基础上,从表型、生理、生化、分子等不同层次探讨了相关指标对热应激的敏感程度及其作为母猪热应激评价指标的可行性,以期为生产中母猪热应激诊断及环境参数的优化奠定基础。总结发现:母猪热应激敏感指标有表皮温度、呼吸频率、直肠温度、血液和肝脏热休克蛋白70(HSP70)等;比较敏感的指标有:血中皮质醇(COR)、天门冬氨酸转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸转移酶(ALT)、肌酸激酶(CK)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)。其他指标如血清蛋白、血糖、血液免疫细胞、K+、Na+等随母猪热应激也有所变化,可作为辅助参考指标。其中,表皮温度、呼吸频率、直肠温度和HSP70水平可作为评价母猪长期热应激的指标。此外,尽管母猪热应激造成的行为变化相对滞后...     

气调保鲜袋对香蕉采后品质及生理生化的影响

以天宝香蕉为试材,研究了贮藏温度、气调保鲜袋厚度和乙烯吸收剂用量对保鲜效果的影响,结果表明,采用25℃＋0．015mm气调保鲜袋＋乙烯吸收剂（其用量为果实鲜重的0．8％）处理的香蕉保鲜效果最佳,腐烂率低,色泽风味好,与对照（25℃＋PE保鲜袋＋乙烯吸收剂）相比,可延迟果实后熟软化,延缓果实乙烯释放量和呼吸强度的增加速度,并抑制果皮细胞膜透性和过氧化酶（POD）活性,从而延长香蕉的贮藏期。、     

Comparisons of carcass traits,meat quality,and serum metabolome between Shaziling and Yorkshire pigs

This study aims to compare the meat quality of Shaziling and Yorkshire pigs and to find the potential indicator in serum for superior meat quality. Six Shaziling and Yorkshire pigs at 30, 60, 90, 150, 210, and300 d of age were selected to examine carcass traits, meat quality, and serum metabolome. The results showed that the body weight, carcass length, and loin eye area of Shaziling pigs at 150, 210, and 300 d of age were significantly lower than those of Yorkshire pigs (P <0.05). Shaziling ...     

花卉抗寒性研究进展

综述了低温胁迫下花卉体内生理生化的变化规律,阐述了花卉抗寒性的机理,并对未来花卉抗寒性研究进行了展望。     

岩原鲤的研究概况和进展

岩原鲤[Procypris rabtmdi(Tehang)]是一种长江中上游水系特有的珍稀保护动物,其分布区域狭窄,种群数量少,再加上环境巨变和滥捕,使岩原鲤野生资源日益枯竭,濒临灭绝,已被列入<中国濒危动物红皮书>.结合大量的文献和自己的研究结果,从分类地位、种群生态、形态学、生理生化、遗传学和人工养殖等方面较为全面地总结了岩原鲤的研究概况和进展,指出了岩原鲤种群研究中存在的一些问题以及今后的研究方向.     

Serum C-reactive protein concentration as an indicator of remission status in dogs with multicentric lymphoma

BACKGROUND: The acute-phase protein C-reactive protein (CRP) is used as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in humans with various neoplasias, including non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if CRP could be used to detect different remission states in dogs with lymphoma. ANIMALS: Twenty-two dogs with untreated multicentric lymphoma. METHODS: Prospective observational study. Blood samples were collected at the time of diagnosis, before each chemotherapy session, and at follow-up visits, resulting in 287 serum samples. RESULTS: Before therapy, a statistically significant majority of the dogs (P = .0019) had CRP concentrations above the reference range (68%, 15/22). After achieving complete remission 90% (18/20) of the dogs had CRP concentrations within the reference range, and the difference in values before and after treatment was statistically significant (P < .001). CRP concentrations of dogs in complete remission (median, 1.91; range, 0.2-103) were significantly different (P = .031) from those of dogs with partial remission (median, 2.48; range, 0-89), stable disease (median, 1.77; range, 1.03-42.65), or progressive disease (median, 8.7; range, 0-82.5). There was profound variation of CRP measurements within each dog. CONCLUSIONS: CRP is useful in determining complete remission status after treatment with cytotoxic drugs. However, the individual variation between dogs means CRP concentration is not sufficiently different in other remission states to permit its use in monitoring progression of the disease. Greater reliability in determining remission status might be achieved by combining CRP concentration with other serum markers.     

水稻遭受水分胁迫后效的研究进展

从形态、生理、生化、产量等方面综述了水稻遭受水分胁迫后效的研究进展,为节水稻作技术的完善提供了一定的参考。     

不同脆化阶段草鱼肠道菌群动态变化、血清酶指标及生长性能

本研究旨在探讨草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)不同脆化阶段的肠道菌群组成结构、血清酶活性及生长性能,进而衡量脆肉鲩形成过程中的生理生化变化,以期为脆肉鲩的健康养殖提供科学数据.脆化不同阶段(30、60、90和120 d)的草鱼,在脆化结束后转投喂人工配合饲料30 d(第150天),鉴定整个过程中草鱼肠道菌群组成、血清酶活性和生长性能的变化.结果表明,60～150 d蚕豆组草鱼体重均低于对照组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),90～120 d蚕豆组草鱼头肾体指数(head kidney somatic index,HKBI)和肝体指数(hepatosomatic index,HSI)均低于对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),150 d时蚕豆组草鱼肝体指数与对照组无显著差异(P＞0.05);蚕豆组草鱼血清碱性磷酸酶、溶菌酶和补体C3(第30天除外)活性均低于对照组的,在转投喂饲料后,3种血清酶活性均出现回升趋势;与对照组相比,蚕豆组草鱼肠道菌群多样性降低,芽胞杆菌属(Bacillus)和鲸杆菌属(Cetobacterium)等有益菌数量减少,维氏气单胞菌(Aeromonas veronii)、温和气单胞菌(Aeromonas sobria)和鳗弧菌(Vibrio anguillarum)等条件致病菌数量增多.两组草鱼肠道核心菌群主要为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和梭杆菌门(Fusobacteria).本研究结果提示,随着脆化时间的增加,摄食蚕豆改变草鱼肠道菌群组成、抑制血清酶活性和生长性能,在转投饲料后其肠道菌群、血清酶活性及生长性能均有所改善.本研究结果对脆肉鲩的健康养殖具有重要的科学指导意义.