奶牛布鲁氏菌病的病原分离鉴定及血清学研究

通过细菌分离、动物试验、细菌学与血清抗体之间相互关系、温度与感染动物之间相互关系等分离一例奶牛布鲁氏菌。发现细菌学与血清抗体呈平行关系，试管凝集反应与补体结合反应存在一定差异，感染动物14天出现波浪热，持续到剖杀前(31天)。     

Long-term lack of transmission of Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) in a chronically infected Swedish weaner pig producing herd

A cohort of 53 swine seronegative to Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) was monitored in a 1 year study of a chronically infected commercial Swedish weaner pig producing herd. Serum samples were acquired from all 134 adult swine and analyzed by enzyme-linked immmunosorbent assay (ELISA). Animals testing negative, along with introduced replacement gilts, were followed serologically every second month. Movements of animals were recorded for 319 days and exposure to seropositive animals was calculated for each seronegative pig in the cohort. The accumulated daily pig contact between the 53 ADV-non-infected swine and 43 infected swine was 35 660 days and the median number of days in contact for the non-infected swine with infected was 222. Despite the frequent contact with seropositive pigs, no seronegative animals seroconverted during the first 11 months of observation. Forty-six of 53 pigs seroconverted after a clinical outbreak during the twelfth month of observation.     

上海动物园游客保护教育需求及满意度调查

本研究利用问卷调查收集了上海动物园游客类型与特征、游园目的、游客游览时获得野生动物科普知识的途径、游客对现有科普活动的评价、对科普教育的需求、游客满意度、意见与建议等,并进行了研究。结果表明,大部分(66.02%)游客为本市居民和暂居本市的中青年。近9成(89.51%)游客携带孩子游览动物园,其中超过半数(52.34%)为父母与孩子共同出行。游客游园目的主要为观看动物、游玩娱乐和让孩子学习动物知识。观察动物和阅读动物科普说明牌是游客学习动物科普知识的主要途径。互动类和深度游类项目,是游客最愿意参加的活动类型。游客更希望园方从动物科普设施、饲养员讲解、志愿者讲解这3方面提升其教育功能。总体而言,游客对上海动物园感到满意,超过半数(53.81%)表示很满意。具体而言,动物说明牌的满意度最高,其次是路面状况和路标指示牌。基于研究结果,提出以下建议:提升科普活动的内涵和互动性;提升游园体验,延长游览时间;寻找迎合和引导的平衡;完善基础设施。     

Citizens’ perception of and satisfaction with urban forests and green space: Results from selected Southeast European cities

In this paper the results of the first comprehensive study on perception of and satisfaction with urban forests and green space in seven Southeast European cities are presented. The aims of the paper are to analyse 1) citizen perceptions of the current state of urban forests and green space in their cities, 2) to what extent current urban forests and green space meet their needs and how this can be improved. A cross-sectional study was conducted by using a common face-to-face survey questionnaire. Respondents were selected based on census data though a stratified sampling procedure by taking into account age, gender and city district (n = 384 in each city). The results showed that citizens genuinely care for urban forests and green space in their cities, but are not satisfied with their current state. The respondents found issues related to misbehaviour of other users, the presence and quality of facilities, as well as the presence and quality of management or maintenance the most pressing. There were more statistically significant differences than similarities between cities. Socioeconomic variables explained perceptions only to some extent. Citizens were very supportive of educational campaigns about the importance of urban forests and green space as well as of better enforcement of the existing regulations though having more community wardens that were expected to tackle current unsatisfactory situations. Urban planning and urban forest and green space management in these cities are facing many problems characteristic for post-socialist countries. Study findings are expected to contribute to decision making in urban planning and natural resource management.     

黑龙江省汤原县团结林场森林资源调查情况分析

从3个方面分别介绍了黑龙江省汤原县林业局所属的团结林场的自然、资源及经济情况。     

套袋对白水县苹果质量及效益的影响

白水县是陕西苹果的最佳优生区,套袋苹果已占苹果生产总量的65.54%,是无公害苹果生产的关键技术之一,研究套袋技术对苹果生产具有重要的指导意义。项目对白水县苹果套袋情况进行了系统的调查,并就生产中三种果袋对苹果外观质量、内在质量、果实黑点病发生情况、效益等进行了研究。研究结果表明：目前生产中应用较多的仍然是双层双色纸袋和单层双色劣质纸袋,果实套袋能显著提高果实光洁度、着色度、果实外观鲜艳,降低VC含量,增加黑点病发病率,其中套双层三色优质纸袋苹果黑点病发病率轻,为5.2%,而套单层双色劣质纸袋重,高达47.7%,套袋能显著提高苹果生产的经济效益     

杨树红心病危害的调查研究

杨树红心病是分布广泛、危害严重的一种病害,几乎所有杨树品种都会遭侵染,成年树病株率达100%,变色比率15.65%~50.70%。从当年生扦插苗到成年树均能发生,红心病主要发生在主干的髓心和木质部。该病的严重程度与栽植的立地条件有关,在低洼湿地栽植的杨树其变色程度严重,且随树龄的增加而加剧,生长速度快的杨树,危害程度大。杨树品种不同,危害程度不同,品种之间存在着显著差异。     

农村居民对食品安全的认知及消费行为调查——基于河北省6地市的调查

2009年7月在河北省6地市进行了农村居民对食品安全的认知及消费行为调查。结果表明:河北省农村居民食品安全意识不高。究其原因,主要是农村经济发展水平不高、农村地区食品市场信息不对称、农村居民的维权意识差以及相关制度不够完善。     

河南省部分地区规模化猪场繁殖障碍性疫病的血清学调查

[目的]了解河南省部分地区规模化养猪场繁殖障碍性疫病的流行情况,为有目的、有重点地开展相应的猪繁殖障碍性疫病免疫预防工作提供参考。[方法]对河南部分猪场送检于河南农业大学动物疫病检测诊断中心的血清进行监测,其中6 825、2 609、1 177、123和53份血清分别用于检测猪瘟、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征、猪伪狂犬病、猪细小病毒病和衣原体病抗体。[结果]血清学监测结果显示,血清中猪瘟、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征、猪伪狂犬病、猪细小病毒病和衣原体病相应抗体阳性率分别为63.28%、61.44%、25.49%、39.84%、5.66%。[结论]河南省部分地区猪瘟、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征、猪细小病毒病的防疫工作亟待加强,猪伪狂犬病的防治需要进一步强化,衣原体病已得到有效控制。     

苍山马龙峰中药资源调查与评价

目的:通过对云南省大理州苍山马龙峰野生中药资源的调查,为该区域内野生中药资源的深入研究与开发提供参考。方法:采用踏查、详查和访问调查方式以获取相关资料。结果:实地共调查到马龙峰有31科44属47种野生药用植物,其中孢子植物4科4属4种,双子叶植物23科36属37种,单子叶植物4科6属6种。结论:马龙峰野生药用植物资源贮量较丰富,但部分种类受各种因素影响,贮量已经下降。