Detection and genetic diversity of porcine rotavirus A,B and C in eastern Australian piggeries

Rotaviruses (RV) have a high prevalence in piggeries worldwide and are one of the major pathogens causing severe diarrhoea in young pigs. RV species A, B, and C have been linked to piglet diarrhoea in Australian pig herds, but their genetic diversity has not been studied in detail. Based on sequencing of the structural viral protein 7 (VP7) RVA G genotypes G3, G4 and G5, and RVC types G1, G3, G5, and G6 have been identified in Australian piggeries in previous studies. Although occurrence of RVB was reported in Australia in 1988, no further genetic analysis has been conducted. To improve health management decisions in Australian pig herds, more information on RV prevalence and genetic diversity is needed. Here, 243 enteric samples collected from 20 pig farms within Eastern Australia were analysed for the presence of RV in different age groups using a novel PCR-based multiplex assay (Pork MultiPath™ enteric panel). RVA, RVB, and RVC were detected in 10, 14, and 14 farms, respectively. Further sequencing of VP7 in selected RV-positive samples revealed G genotypes G2, G5, G9 (RVA), G6, G8, G14, G16, G20 (RVB), and G1, G3, G5, G6 (RVC) present. RVA was only detected in young (<10 weeks old) pigs whereas RVB and RVC were also detected in older animals (>11 weeks old). Interestingly, RVB and RVC G-type occurrence differed between age groups. In conclusion, this study provides new insights on the prevalence and diversity of different RV species in pig herds of Eastern Australia whilst demonstrating the ability of the Pork MultiPath™ technology to accurately differentiate between these RV species.     

牛轮状病毒VP4基因与LTB基因的融合表达及免疫原性研究

PCR扩增轮状病毒VP4基因和大肠杆菌LTB基因编码区,将其克隆至pET32a载体上,构建pET32a-VP4-LTB质粒,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),PCR、酶切鉴定后进一步测序,测序结果表明融合基因片段由2637 bp组成,为编码879个氨基酸残基的多肽。经IPTG诱导和SDS-PAGE检测发现表达产物分子量约为118.9 KD,以包涵体的形式存在。融合蛋白经镍离子螯合次氨基三乙酸(Ni-NTA)亲和层析纯化后免疫小鼠,结果所产生的抗体效价高于单独VP4蛋白的免疫结果但差异不显著(P0.5),但与对照组相比差异显著。表明所表达的融合蛋白具有较好的免疫原性,为研制牛轮状病毒亚单位疫苗奠定了基础。     

轮状病毒感染肠上皮细胞激活宿主先天免疫研究进展

轮状病毒(RV)是引起婴幼儿、幼畜禽急性肠胃炎的人畜共患病原,常与其他病原体混合感染,多以呕吐,严重水样腹泻,脱水为临床症状,感染后具有较高病死率,对人类公共卫生以及养殖业造成极大危害.RV病原相关分子模式(PAMP)可被肠上皮细胞(IECs)中一组可遗传的模式识别受体(PRR)识别,通过IECs、先天免疫细胞与RV互...     

猪轮状病毒Vp4全基因与乳酸菌非抗性表达载体的重组及在大肠杆菌中的表达

以猪A组轮状病毒mRNA为模板，应用优化的反转录聚合酶链式反应（RT—PCR）技术，扩增了2331 bp的Vp4全长基因，通过T-A克隆技术，将PCR产物克隆至克隆载体pGEM-T中，构建质粒pGEM-T-Vp4。以SalⅠ和KpnⅠ双酶切pGEM—T—Vp4．和以胸苷酸合成酶基因（thymidylate synthase，thyA）为选择压力的非抗生素抗性的穿梭表达载体pW425t，并将纯化的Vp4基因亚克隆至表达载体pW425t中，构建出可以在乳酸菌与大肠杆菌之间穿梭表达的原核表达重组质粒pW425t-Vp4。将pW425t-Vp4转化至thyA基因缺陷型的大肠杆菌感受态E．coli X13中，通过生长功能弥补筛选阳性克隆，SDS-PAGE分析，可见约87.67Ku融合蛋白。Western blot分析表明，该蛋白具有与轮状病毒多克隆抗体的反应原性，研究结果为pW425t-Vp4在乳酸菌受体菌株中表达提供科学依据。     

羔羊轮状病毒的诊断与防治研究

用分离培养的羔羊轮状病毒进行了高免血清、荧光抗体、酶标记抗体、RNA核酸电泳等的制造和研究,对我省羔羊轮状病毒鉴定为亚群Ⅰ,长型.用高免血清治疗羔羊、犊牛轮状病毒性腹泻疗效显著.初步认定羔羊轮状病毒与犊牛轮状病毒之间有交互抗原.对分离到的病毒进行了长期的细胞培养继代,并经过较长时间的低温处理,经用初生羔羊口服免疫,试验结果表明,弱毒疫苗对初生羔羊具有较好的免疫力.     

重组轮状病毒多抗原表位的克隆、表达及植物表达载体的构建

为了研制基于表位的轮状病毒亚单位疫苗,用PCR的方法得到RV(Rotavirus RV)VP4的抗原表位编码序列,并人工合成了RV VP7的3个抗原表位编码序列,通用辅助性T淋巴细胞表位(PADRE)氨基酸序列和破伤风毒素(Tetanus toxin,TT)上的一个T细胞激活位点[1,2],各位点间以非极性的甘氨酸和脯氨酸分隔以保持各表位的相对独立性,使用搭桥法PCR(Over lapextension PCR)、酶切、连接等基因工程的方法将各个表位片段串联拼接在一起,组合成一条轮状病毒(RV)多表位抗原基因,将其转入原核载体质粒pTHioHis B,在大肠杆菌DH5a克隆,并在BL21中表达,表达蛋白经SDS-PAGE分析,相对分子量与预期结果相符;重组蛋白经轮状病毒快速检测试剂盒检测有抗原性。将此多表位抗原基因插入高效植物表达载体pE1802,为研制重组轮状病毒抗原表位亚单位疫苗、转基因植物口服疫苗做了前期准备。     

A study on neonatal calf diarrhea induced by rotavirus

This review summarizes the results of a study on rotaviruses isolated from calves affected by neonatal diarrhea.

The results indicated that rotavirus infection is widespread and supported the evidence for an etiologic role of these viruses in neonatal diarrhea. Differences in virulence among bovine rotaviruses appeared also to be confirmed.

Conventionally reared calves were fully susceptible to the experimental infection induced by rotaviruses originating from heterologous hosts, i.e. monkeys, pigs and rabbits.

When rotavirus strains of bovine, simian and rabbit origin were compared by cross neutralization tests, it was found the simian and porcine strains were indistinguishable and both appeared to relate antigenically to the bovine strain.

Finally, it was proven that feeding newborn calves with colostrum and first milk of their dams, previously vaccinated with an inactivated adjuvanted rotavirus vaccine, could prevent the neonatal diarrhea from occurring.     

A组轮状病毒的基因组及其蛋白研究进展

轮状病毒基因组由11个片段组成,编码6种结构蛋白(VP1~VP4,VP6和VP7)和6种非结构蛋白(NSP1~NSP6)。文本对近年来A组轮状病毒基因组及其编码的结构蛋白和非结构蛋白的研究进展进行了综述。     

轮状病毒转基因植物疫苗的研究进展

轮状病毒病是引起人和动物肠胃炎的一种传染病,发病率和死亡率较高,至今没有特效药可以治疗,传统疫苗预防效果不佳。随着生物技术的不断发展,一种新型的转基因植物疫苗有望解决这个难题。人类和动物食用了这种转基因植物之后,就可以获得抗体,产生免疫力,以预防此病。     

ELISA检测兰州不同动物粪便中轮状病毒抗原及临床意义

为探讨动物轮状病毒检测的临床价值及本地轮状病毒在不同动物中的流行情况,本研究以秋冬季腹泻的动物为研究对象进行采样,应用轮状病毒单克隆抗体检测其抗原的方法,检测粪便中的轮状病毒。在进行牛、羊、犬粪便轮状病毒检测中发现犬的阳性率最高,其次是牛和羊。表明本地的轮状病毒感染主要集中在幼犬中。本试验为今后动物轮状病毒在临床应用中的检测及动物轮状病毒检测试剂盒的研制等作以参考。