Echocardiographic Estimates of Right Ventricular Systolic Function in Dogs with Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease

Background

Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction independently predicts outcomes in human myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). There is limited information regarding RV systolic function in dogs with MMVD.

Hypothesis

Right ventricular systolic function differs among stages of disease, decreasing in decompensated MMVD.

Animals

Thirty‐sixclient‐owned dogs with MMVD not receiving oral cardiovascular medications.

Methods

Prospective clinical study. Dogs were categorized according to disease severity as ACVIM Stage B1, B2, or C. Seven echocardiographic indices of RV systolic function were measured. Groups were compared by 1‐way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test. Frequencies of cases with cardiac remodeling falling outside previously established reference intervals were compared using Fisher's exact test. Intra‐ and interobserver measurement variability was calculated for each RV function index.

Results

The indices TAPSE (P = 0.029), RV St_L (P = 0.012), and RV StR_L (P = 0.041) were significantly different between groups. A greater proportion of B2 dogs (7 of 12) had TAPSE values above reference intervals compared with B1 (2 of 12) or C (2 of 12) dogs (P = 0.027). Measurement variability of TAPSE, RV S', and RV St_G was clinically acceptable.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Right ventricular systolic function differs between stages of MMVD, increasing in stage B2, and declining in stage C. The prognostic importance of RV function indices, particularly TAPSE, might be worth evaluating in dogs with MMVD.     

四川省林权抵押贷款模式及创新——基于四川省三个试点县的调查分析

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新巴尔虎右旗植被覆盖变化研究

利用ArcGIS和ENVI的栅格空间分析工具,采用叠置分析、线性趋势分析法、均值法等分析方法,选用2001～2016年每年5～9月MODIS NDVI数据和该研究区域行政区划矢量数据来研究新巴尔虎右旗16年间的植被覆盖变化,为该地区植被趋势研究和生态建设提供一定的科学依据.结果表明:2001～2016年间新巴尔虎右旗生...     

政治制度与文化软实力的关系

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An integrated hydro-economic modelling framework to evaluate water allocation strategies II: Scenario assessment

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树立正确的农民利益观探讨

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农村土地国有化的产权制度创新

农村土地国有化是在我国现实基础上的最佳选择,制度转换的路径是:国家以法律形式宣布所有土地为国家所有,取消农村土地的集体所有,农民现在承包的土地使用权归农民,使用年限为40年,到期后所有土地由国家无偿收回.     

对我国农民经济合作组织法中若干问题的探讨

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