授粉对度尾文旦柚果皮相关酶活性的影响

研究了利用度柚6号、琯溪蜜柚授粉处理对度尾文旦柚果实发育后期果皮多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)、纤维素酶(CX)及苯丙氨酸裂解酶(PAL)活性的影响。结果表明:授粉处理后,度尾文旦柚果实发育后期PG活性呈上升趋势;CX活性呈下降趋势;PAL活性呈先上升后下降的趋势。     

3类生境下脐橙果实细胞壁酶、瓤囊壁超微结构和品质变化的研究

为改进脐橙果实质地和科学生态区划与高品质栽培技术提供理论依据,研究了四川3类不同生境下脐橙果实果胶甲酯酶(PE)、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)、纤维素酶(CX)、瓤囊壁超微结构及主要品质指标的变化。结果表明:果实生长发育期细胞壁酶活性逐渐升高,但不同生境类型的变化趋势不同。超微结构中,南亚热带攀枝花脐橙的线粒体明显,中胶层清晰,细胞壁形态结构较完整;中亚热带江安和中北亚热带雅安脐橙细胞壁的中胶层明显裂解,线粒体膜分解,细胞器空泡化。不同生境SSC和可溶性糖差异显著。PG酶活性与≥10℃积温、1月份平均气温、年平均气温显著负相关,与年降雨量显著正相关。固酸比与≥10℃积温、年平均气温、1月均气温极显著正相关,与日照时数极显著正相关,与降雨量显著负相关。     

湘东黑山羊同期发情技术的研究

应用PG+PMSG处理对54只湘东黑山羊在2～5天内集中发情并配种.结果:(1)在处理后的2～3天.有49头发情(其中同期自然发情2头),同期处理的发情率87.0%[47/54],同期发情率87.5%[49/56].(2)发情母羊的初配率为83.9%[47/56],待第一个情期(21天)后采用发情鉴定法进行初步妊娠诊断,有返情表现的羊只为7只,发情配种成功率85.1%[40/47],初步确定初配受胎率为71.4%[40/56].     

The effect of strain, growth stage, and cultivating condition of Ganoderma lucidum on 5α-reductase inhibition

The inhibitory effects of 102 methanol extracts of 40 mycelia, 9 culture fluids, and 53 fruiting bodies of 40 strains of Ganoderma lucidum on 5-reductase were investigated. The methanol extract of the fruiting body of each strain was found to show the strongest 5-reductase inhibitory activity among the extracts tested.     

浅谈室内山墙窗口圈梁构造柱防结露措施

本文论述了室内山墙、窗口、圈梁、构造拄、结露的产生原因及预防措施。     

Characterization of an intravenous lipopolysaccharide inflammation model in calves with respect to the acute-phase response

Our objective was to develop a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inflammation model in calves to evaluate the acute-phase response with respect to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and acute-phase proteins, fever development and sickness behaviour. Fourteen 4-week-old male Holstein Friesian calves were included and randomly assigned to a negative control group (n = 3) and an LPS-challenged group (n = 11). The latter received an intravenous bolus injection of 0.5 μg of LPS/kg body weight. Blood collection and clinical scoring were performed at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 5, 6, 8, 12, 18, 24, 28, 32, 48, 54 and 72 h post LPS administration (p.a.). In the LPS group, the following clinical signs were observed successively: tachypnoea (on average 18 min p.a.), decubitus (29 min p.a.), general depression (1.75 h p.a.), fever (5 h p.a.) and tachycardia (5 h p.a.). Subsequent to the recovery from respiratory distress, general depression was prominent, which deteriorated when fever increased. One animal did not survive LPS administration, whereas the other animals recovered on average within 6.1 h p.a. Moreover, the challenge significantly increased plasma concentrations of tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin 6, serum amyloid A and haptoglobin, with peaking levels at 1, 3.5, 24 and 18 h p.a., respectively. The present LPS model was practical and reproducible, caused obvious clinical signs related to endotoxemia and a marked change in the studied inflammatory mediators, making it a suitable model to study the immunomodulatory properties of drugs in future research.     

怀孕母山羊传染性胸膜肺炎PG3垂直感染试验

取健康易感怀孕母山羊3只，气管接种丝状支原体山羊亚种PG3，第28天，其中1头产出羊羔1只，第32天，剖杀3头母羊及4日龄羊羔，均见肺部有明显的山羊传染性胸膜肺炎病变，无菌抽取羊水，并剖取胎羊的肺，肝和4日龄羔羊的胸水，肺和肺门淋巴结，均培养分离出多形性支原体，用该支原体培养物作生长抑制试验均为PG3阳性，Y98阳性，Y98阴性，与接种株PG3－致，说明出羊传染性胸膜肺炎PG3可通过胎盘垂直感染胎羊。     

甜瓜多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)基因反义表达载体的构建

本实验用设计好的两条75bp的长引物进行PCR反应，扩增出甜瓜PGl基因的128bp的片段，将其克隆到pMD18-T载体中，筛选反向克隆，然后将其反向构建到植物表达载体pUC38-ACC的CaMV35S启动手和TMV增强子“Ω”的下游，构建成反义表达载体pUC38-PGo用PCR鉴定重组子，并经序列分析证明获得含有反向插入PG基因片段的植物表达载体，为用花粉管法将其导入河套蜜瓜，培育转基因耐储河套蜜瓜奠定了基础。     

Differential response of zucchini varieties to low storage temperature

Several parameters related to cold damage in zucchini have been measured in fruits from different varieties cultivated in the province of Almería (south-eastern Spain). The purpose of this work is to correlate physiological parameters with commercial quality and chilling damage, in order to establish reliable criteria for selecting varieties having better genetic adaptation to low-temperature storage. The results show that, for varieties harvested during February, the variety Natura was the best adapted to storage at 4 °C, as its fruits suffered less from chilling injuries, had a lower weight loss, and the levels of metabolites malonyldialdehyde and H₂O₂ were not as high as in the other varieties. Genetic variation was detected for some of the parameters analysed. The positive correlation among the levels of MDA, H₂O_2, and chilling injury, as well as the negative correlation among catalase and chilling injury, makes these parameters good indicators of chilling damage in our system.     

不同处理对西藏牦牛超数排卵的影响研究

本研究选用了埋植CIDR栓法、埋植PRID栓法、PG法以及PMSG+PG法四套方案对西藏41头母牦牛进行了超数排卵试验。试验结果:埋植CIDR法得到的平均卵母细胞数为7.4枚/头,埋植PRID法得到的平均卵母细胞数为6.5枚/头,PG法得到的平均卵母细胞数为4枚/头,PMSG+PG法得到的平均卵母细胞数为4.8枚/头,各组之间差异极显著(P<0.01);而经过卵母细胞成熟培养之后,埋植CIDR法得到的平均可用卵母细胞数为6.2枚/头,埋植PRID法得到的平均可用卵母细胞数也为6.2枚/头,PG法得到的平均可用卵母细胞数为4枚/头,PMSG+PG法得到的平均可用卵母细胞数为4.6枚/头,CIDR+FSH法与PRID+FSH法两组、两次PG法与PMSG+PG法两组差异不显著(P>0.05),但是CIDR+FSH法和PRID+FSH法组与两次PG法和PMSG+PG法组之间差异都极显著(P<0.01);用CIDR法和PRID法进行西藏牦牛超排效果较好,并可获得较多的可用卵母细胞。