黄柏瘦筒天牛生物学特性及其防治

瘦筒天牛Oberea atropunctata Pic是黄柏Phellodendron chinense Schneid的重要枝干害虫之一，在贵州黔南地区1a发生1代，以幼虫在蛀道内越冬。幼虫蛀食黄柏枝条，成虫取食嫩叶、嫩梢或叶脉皮层。寄主仅发现黄柏1种。该文还提出了瘦筒天牛的防治方法。     

次黄筒天牛生物学特性及卵的空间分布研究

次黄筒天牛在江苏太仓1～2年发生一代，幼虫在枝干内越冬，成虫6月上旬～7月中旬羽化，取食桑树的嫩叶、叶脉，产卵于桑树新梢端部。卵期13d，幼虫蛀入枝条，先向上蛀食到梢端再调头向下蛀食，枝条短的幼虫可入拳越冬，第2年5月中旬化蛹，蛹期约16d。被害株有效条数降低，影响产叶量。该虫卵的空间分布为聚集型。个体间相互吸引但聚集强度不高，并在此基础上提出了序贯抽样模型。     

短足筒天牛生物学特性的研究*

短足筒天牛（ＯｂｅｒｅａｆｅｒｒｕｇｉｎｅａＴｈｕｎｂｅｒｇ）是危害大叶黄杨的一种主要钻蛀性害虫，在合肥地区１ａ发生一代，以老熟幼虫在多年生枝干内越冬，翌年４月下旬开始化蛹，５月中旬为羽化高峰期，６月上、中旬为卵孵化盛期，１０月中、下旬开始越冬。其发生受光照的影响较大，同时成虫产卵对树势强弱有较强的选择性，植株各部位发生情况亦不相同。采取修剪的方法防治效果最佳。     

柳筒天牛幼虫为害特性与空间格局研究

柳筒天牛是为害沙柳根茎部的一种钻蛀性害虫,严重影响沙柳的生长。本文应用地统计学的方法分析了柳筒天牛幼虫的为害特性和空间格局。通过调查分析可知:柳筒天牛幼虫在单一蛀道内为害沙柳,其为害主要集中在沙柳基部,蛀道分布在地面以上10cm处至地面以下5cm处。柳筒天牛幼虫主要为害地径0.7~1.0cm的沙柳,且多分布在沙丘底部和迎风沙丘。分析沙丘顶部和沙丘底部2块样地柳筒天牛幼虫的数量可知,柳筒天牛在沙丘底部为害率要高于沙丘顶部,幼虫虫口密度分别达到(2.53±0.27)头/丛和(1.84±0.20)头/丛,且差异显著。柳筒天牛幼虫在沙丘顶部呈现聚集分布,在沙丘底部呈现随机分布。不同立地条件下的空间分布类型差异较为明显,但在两块样地内都呈现在某一特定区域内呈现大量聚集的现象。     

中国筒天牛属二新种记述(鞘翅目:天牛科:沟胫天牛亚科)

记述沟胫天牛亚科筒天牛属2新种,锥胸筒天牛Oberea conicus sp.nov.和指突筒天牛Oberea fingeriventris sp.nov..新种模式标本分别保存于西南农业大学植保系昆虫标本馆和南开大学生物系昆虫标本室.     

我国筒天牛属八种幼虫(鞘翅目:天牛科)

本文记述我国筒天牛属8种天牛即瘦筒天牛、南亚筒天牛、黑尾南亚筒天牛、灰翅筒天牛、忍冬筒天牛、日本筒天牛、构树筒天牛和樟筒天牛等的幼虫形态。     

Methyl bromide alternatives for strawberry and tomato pre-plant uses: A meta-analysis

This paper reports the results of a meta-analytic synthesis of information from a large number of horticultural experiments that evaluated the technical feasibility of methyl bromide alternatives as soil fumigants in strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) cultivation in California, Florida, and Spain, and in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivation in Florida. A technically feasible alternative is defined as a treatment that provides pest control and crop yields similar to methyl bromide standard fumigation. We selected papers using five criteria, which jointly ensured inclusion of field experiments that contained usable information on at least three treatments—(1) an untreated control, (2) a methyl bromide treatment, and (3) a treatment that is an alternative to methyl bromide treatment. Because of the differences in regional cropping environments, we performed separate meta-analyses for four crop/region combinations. To explore the potential effects of missing information on past fumigation history and pest pressure on the results, we performed two sensitivity analyses, in which the set of usable field experiments included only those experiments in which the improvement of the methyl bromide treatment yield over the control yield was either 15% or 50%. Finally, the definition of several potential alternative chemical treatments took into account differences in formulations and application rates. The results we obtained do not support the technical superiority of methyl bromide over its alternatives. We found several potential alternatives for which we could not reject the hypothesis of technical feasibility, based on the experimental data for strawberries in California and Spain. In particular, the results on strawberry field experiments in California indicate that the estimated effect size of the treatment using 1,3-dichloropropene/chloropicrin 65:35 formulation (applied at the standard rate) was close to the estimated effect size for methyl bromide. The results from strawberry and tomato field experiments in Florida were inconclusive. However, this does not establish that methyl bromide is technically superior to its alternatives. Given the data-related limitations of the analysis, standard protocols are necessary for conducting and reporting the experiments to allow for more meaningful synthesis of the experimental data.     

陕西危害档案的窃蠹类害虫初步研究

本文采用五点抽样技术调查了陕西危害档案的窃蠹类害虫,发现了烟草甲Lasioderma serri-corne(Fabricius)、药材甲Stegobium paniceum(Linnaeus)、大理窃蠹Ptilineurus marmoratus(Reitter)3种,观察了这3种窃蠹的生物学习性。有针对性地提出了种群调控的技术措施。     

档案窃蠹形态研究

采用电镜扫描技术等对档案窃蠹Falsogastrallus sauteri Pic的形态作了观察。结果表明,该虫触角分9节,前胸背板呈钢盔形,鞘翅无纵凹线但有10行刻点,腹部腹面5节,卵椭圆形、有一乳突。此外,还与形态近似的药材甲Stegobium paniccum(Linnaeus)成虫作了主要鉴别特征比较。     

黑胸脊虎天牛的优势天敌——酱色刺足茧蜂

酱色刺足茧蜂在陕西榆林地区1年发生3代，是木材害虫黑胸脊虎天牛的主要天敌，寄生率达21．3％－27．0％，对其幼虫的危害有明显的控制作用。