引起笼养蛋鸡疲劳症的主要因素研究

本试验以营养因子、产蛋率、钙源、笼养生态等角度对笼养蛋鸡疲劳症进行综合研究,寻找引起笼养蛋鸡疲劳症的主要因素及减少笼养蛋鸡疲劳症的途径。     

花粉中酶的研究

花粉中酶的研究王开发张玉兰张盛隆（同济大学花粉应用研究中心）酶是影响细胞代谢的重要物质，是摄入生物体内的营养成分进行分解、合成时起催化作用，而称为生物催化剂。但酶与其它催化剂不同，能在机体十分温和的条件下高效率地起催化作用，使生物体内的各种物质处于不...     

白鱼属鱼类一新种及其营养成份

本文对路南金线白鱼新种作了详细描记，新种体背体侧上方有3条金色带可与该属所有种相区别。文中对其营养成分作了分析，结果表明路南金线白鱼是营养价值很高的优质鱼种，现该物种已处于濒临灭绝状态，应加强保护。     

成渝地区葡萄园营养状况初步研究与分析

在成渝地区具有代表性的葡萄园内进行了叶样和土样采集分析,结果表明:与标准值对比,大部分葡萄园内叶片中营养元素P与Mg含量水平较低,微量元素Mn与Fe含量水平则偏高；在大量使用有机肥的葡萄园内,土壤中速效性的营养元素N、P、K含量水平相对较高.     

何首乌茎尖嫩叶主要营养成分分析及评价

测定了何首乌茎尖嫩叶的VB2、VC、粗纤维等主要营养成分含量和K、Fe、Zn等矿质元素含量,以期为何首乌茎尖嫰叶的合理开发利用提供理论依据。结果表明,何首乌茎尖嫩叶营养丰富,各种营养成分较为全面,其主要营养成分和矿质元素含量也远远高于其他4种常见蔬菜,这为何首乌茎尖嫩叶的食用价值提供了科学依据,也为改善人们的膳食营养和餐饮文化、开发蔬菜资源及提高其利用价值提供了参考。     

Influence of amount and frequency of protein supplementation to steers consuming low-quality,cool-season forage: intake,nutrient digestibility,and ruminal fermentation

This experiment evaluated the influence of protein supplementation frequency (SF) and amount offered on intake, nutrient digestibility, and ruminal fermentation by rumen-fistulated beef steers consuming low-quality [2.9% crude protein (CP); dry matter (DM) basis], cool-season forage. Seven Angus × Hereford steers (300 ± 27 kg) fitted with ruminal cannulas were randomly assigned to 1 of 7 treatments in an incomplete 7 × 4 Latin square. Treatments, in a 2 × 3 factorial design plus a non-supplemented control (CON), consisted of 2 levels of supplemental soybean meal, 100% (F) or 50% (H) of the estimated rumen-degradable protein requirement, provided daily (D), once every 5 d (5D), or once every 10 d (10D). Experimental periods were 30 d and dry matter intake (DMI) was measured from days 19 to 28. On days 21 (all supplements provided) and 30 (only daily supplements provided; day immediately prior to supplementation for 5D and 10D treatments) ruminal fluid was collected for ruminal pH, ammonia-N (NH₃), volatile fatty acids (VFA), and determination of ruminal fermentation variables. Forage and total DM, organic matter (OM), and nitrogen (N) intake increased with supplementation (P ≤ 0.04). However, a linear effect of SF × amount of supplement interaction was observed for forage and total DM, OM, and N intake (P ≤ 0.04), with each variable decreasing as SF decreased, but the decrease being greater with F vs. H. Apparent total tract DM, OM, and neutral detergent fiber digestibility was not affected by supplementation or amount of supplement provided (P ≥ 0.10). In contrast, N digestibility increased with supplementation and for F vs. H (P < 0.01). Digestibility of DM, OM, and N increased linearly as SF decreased (P ≤ 0.03). When all supplements were provided, ruminal NH₃, total VFA, and molar proportions of all individual VFA increased with supplementation (P ≤ 0.04), whereas acetate:propionate ratio decreased (P < 0.01). When only daily supplements were provided, none of the aforementioned fermentation parameters were affected (P ≥ 0.09). In summary, reducing the amount of supplemental CP provided to ruminants consuming low-quality forages, when supplementation intervals are >5 d, can be a management tool to maintain acceptable levels of DMI, nutrient digestibility, and ruminal fermentation while reducing supplementation cost.     

播期对冀西北坝上农牧交错区青贮玉米产量和品质的影响

为确定冀西北坝上地区青贮玉米（Zea maysL.）适宜的播种日期,本研究以青贮玉米‘德美亚1号’、‘院军1号’、‘巡天3号’、‘德美亚2号’4个品种为材料,设置S1（5月2日）、S2（5月7日）、S3（5月12日）3个播期,开展播期试验,探究3个播期下青贮玉米的株高、茎粗、叶面积指数、叶绿素含量等农艺性状及产量、品质的差异。结果表明：‘德美亚1号’株型适中、适合密植、生育期短,在5月7日播种,株高、茎粗最高,为208.95 cm,2.67 cm,叶面积指数为3.93,干草产量可达17.53 t·hm^-2,相对饲用价值最高达159.7,草品质达国标二级;‘德美亚2号’秆矮、早熟、抗逆性好,在5月7日种植产量为17.24 t·hm^-2,相对饲用价值达205.9,草品质达国标一级;‘院军1号’、‘巡天3号’含水量过高,不适宜制作青贮玉米。综上,‘德美亚1号’为最适宜在冀西北坝上农牧交错区种植的青贮玉米品种,播种期为5月7日。     

婴幼儿配方奶粉研究进展

婴幼儿配方奶粉是非母乳喂养婴儿最重要的营养来源,我国婴幼儿配方奶粉市场需求巨大,但基础营养与加工技术研究起步较晚。本文从母乳营养需求、配方奶粉标准和奶粉基料研发等方面,详细介绍了婴幼儿配方奶粉的营养学研究进展;从干法与湿法等生产工艺对配方奶粉特性的影响方面论述了婴幼儿配方奶粉加工技术的研究进展;同时也讨论了婴幼儿奶粉中存在的危害风险,为我国婴幼儿配方奶粉在基料选择、生产技术和产业发展方面提供参考。     

冬小麦若干品质性状遗传及相关的研究

F_1的沉淀值、伯尔辛克值介于双亲之间,前者以正向部分显性为主,后者以负向部分显性为主,与中亲值相关显蔟,遗传力高,表明这两个性状在杂交后代易于获得遗传进展。相反,蛋白含量在 F_1出现了各种类型的表现,很难指出以哪种遗传形式为主,与中亲值无显著相关,遗传力低,表明高蛋白育种较难。但在 F_2、F_3中各组合都出现了蛋白含     

水稻四倍化及其对农艺性状和营养成分的影响

同源四倍体水稻原种(2n=4x=48)是通过加倍二倍体水稻品种(2n=2x=24)的染色体数创造的。自1979年对四倍体水稻原种(4x)和相应的二倍体水稻品种(2x)进行了对比,结果发现,四倍体水稻原种的许多农艺性状发生了变化。它们的每株穗数、每穗粒数和结实率大幅度减少,而千粒重增加很多。四倍体水稻原种的株高降低、茎秆变粗,比较抗倒伏