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1.
Understanding users’ spatial distribution in forest park is crucial for providing visitors with quality recreation experiences and for park planning and management. Utilizing users’ spatial distribution data, this study aims at investigating associations between trail use level and trail spatial attributes, through examining two large urban forest parks (Gongqing forest park and Paotaiwan forest park) in Shanghai, China. Users’ spatial distribution was measured utilizing GPS trackers with the interval of 10 seconds. This study conceptualizes trail spatial attributes as trail metric attributes and trail configurational attributes. Trail metric attributes include trail mean distance to gates, length, width and level of enclosure, which are calculated based on park map and on-site observation. We computed trail configurational attributes utilizing space syntax theory, which comprise measures of global integration, control, and connectivity. Trail connection with features/facilities, visual connection with water and shading are included as covariate variables. In total, we obtained 134 valid samples in Gongqing forest park and 210 valid samples in Paotaiwan forest park for analysis. Multivariate regression analyses indicate that when involving covariate variables, consistently in both parks, a greater trail usage is significantly related to trail shorter mean distance to park gate, trail width wider than 3 meters, higher global integration and higher control values. Collectively, these four trail spatial attributes explained 31.7 % (p < 0.001) and 27.3 % (p < 0.001) of the variances in trail use level in Gongqing forest park and Paotaiwan forest park. These findings provide direct implications to park designers and managers for providing visitors with different desirable social conditions, and ultimately improve users’ experiences and satisfactions. 相似文献
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A. Bhogal A. Bhogal M.A. Shepherd D.J. Hatch L. Brown S.C. Jarvis 《Soil Use and Management》2001,17(3):163-172
Abstract. The ability of two nitrogen cycle models, of contrasting complexity, to predict N mineralization from a range of grassland soils in the UK, was evaluated. These were NCYCLE, a simple mass balance model of the N cycle in UK grasslands, and CENTURY, a more complex model simulating long-term C, N, P & S dynamics in grassland ecosystems. The models were tested using field measurements of net N mineralization from a range of grassland soils (differing in soil type, history & management practice), obtained over a 2 year period using a soil core incubation technique. This method was considered to measure the total net release of mineral N from the soil organic matter over a specified time, including N which may have been recycled several times. NCYCLE consistently under-estimated mineralization rates at all sites. By contrast, there was some correlation between CENTURY predictions of net N mineralization and field measurements. This may have reflected the different abilities of the two models to simulate N recycling. Neither model, however, was able to predict adequately the effect of cultivation and reseeding on net N mineralization. 相似文献
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将红檬实生苗培养于改良无土基质中,接种泡囊-丛枝菌根Glomuscitrocolum,以不接种菌根为对照,并分别施用含氮量相等的3种氮肥,即硝酸按(NO3-N)、尿素(NH2-N)和硫酸铵(NH4-N)。接种菌根16周后,施不同氮肥的红檬实生苗均有效地感染了菌根,并促进了植株的生长。试验证明,红实生苗施硝态氮(NO3-N)使植株的菌根依赖性有明显提高。 相似文献
5.
不同能量水平对羊生产性能及激素水平的影响 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
选用山羊和绵羊各21只,研究能量水平对羊采食量(DMI)、日增重(ADG)、饲料转化率(FCR)、胰岛素、生长激素和孕酮浓度的影响。结果表明:绵羊的DMI显著大于山羊的(P<0.05),低能量水平下,绵羊的DMI显著大于山羊的(P<0.05)。绵羊的ADG显著高于山羊的(P<0.05),高能量水平下两种羊的ADG显著高于低能量水平的(P <0.05),FCR在绵羊与山羊之间、不同能量水平之间及互作之间都不显著(P>0.05)。试验前期山羊血清胰岛素水平显著大于绵羊的(P<0.05),在低能量水平下,山羊的血清胰岛素浓度显著高于绵羊的(P<0.05)。试验前期山羊的孕酮水平显著高于绵羊的(P<0.05),高能量水平下的孕酮极显著地高于中、低能量水平下的孕酮(P<0.01),中等能量水平下,山羊的孕酮浓度显著高于绵羊的(P<0.05)。 相似文献
6.
信号交叉口是城市路网的节点和交通关键,其服务水平反映了交叉口所提供的道路及控制条件满足交通顺畅、安全等需要的程度。本文提出一种基于蒙特卡罗模拟的信号交叉口运行状态描述和服务水平评价方法.为优化信号交叉口控制参数提供依据. 相似文献
7.
通过新型的小麦深施肥播种机的应用,实现了小麦深施肥播种,使种、肥分箱不同床,解决了过去化肥对种芽、幼苗的危害问题。达到了节本增效、增产增收的目的。 相似文献
8.
Ambient noise in 13 sawmill’s workshops was tested and analyzed to reveal its character and regularity. The situation of the
ambient noise in sawmill’s workshops was evaluated 相似文献
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Sandy‐textured Mediterranean soils are invariably depleted in organic matter and supply only small amounts of N to crops. To compensate for these deficiencies, we tested the N supply from six organic wastes applied to a Cambic Arenosol in pots growing ryegrass. The results showed that the behaviour of the wastes in supplying N to a ryegrass crop grown in this soil can be predicted by observing their performance in laboratory aerobic incubations. The N made available during these incubations fitted well to a one‐pool kinetic model. 相似文献
10.
认真解决好依法治村问题,是建设新农村的重要举措。本文试从加强村级班子建设的角度,探讨新农村建设,推进依法治村的一些问题。 相似文献