新生荷斯坦犊牛心脏左心室的解剖学观测

对新生荷斯坦犊牛心脏左心室的结构进行了观测。结果 :左心室内肉柱多集中在两乳头肌下部至心尖的中隔面上 ,心室侧壁上也有肉柱 ,主动脉半月瓣结的出现率为 61 5 4% ;流入道、流出道长度分别为 ( 6 84± 0 5 7)cm和 ( 7 41± 0 61)cm ;左心室侧壁和室间隔厚度分别为 ( 1 14± 0 14 )cm和 ( 1 41± 0 15 )cm ;左房室口和主动脉口周径分别为 ( 5 11± 0 76)cm和 ( 4 2 9± 0 60 )cm。     

Echocardiographic Estimates of Right Ventricular Systolic Function in Dogs with Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease

Background

Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction independently predicts outcomes in human myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). There is limited information regarding RV systolic function in dogs with MMVD.

Hypothesis

Right ventricular systolic function differs among stages of disease, decreasing in decompensated MMVD.

Animals

Thirty‐sixclient‐owned dogs with MMVD not receiving oral cardiovascular medications.

Methods

Prospective clinical study. Dogs were categorized according to disease severity as ACVIM Stage B1, B2, or C. Seven echocardiographic indices of RV systolic function were measured. Groups were compared by 1‐way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD test. Frequencies of cases with cardiac remodeling falling outside previously established reference intervals were compared using Fisher's exact test. Intra‐ and interobserver measurement variability was calculated for each RV function index.

Results

The indices TAPSE (P = 0.029), RV St_L (P = 0.012), and RV StR_L (P = 0.041) were significantly different between groups. A greater proportion of B2 dogs (7 of 12) had TAPSE values above reference intervals compared with B1 (2 of 12) or C (2 of 12) dogs (P = 0.027). Measurement variability of TAPSE, RV S', and RV St_G was clinically acceptable.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Right ventricular systolic function differs between stages of MMVD, increasing in stage B2, and declining in stage C. The prognostic importance of RV function indices, particularly TAPSE, might be worth evaluating in dogs with MMVD.     

留守村民的健康分析——基于株洲市茶陵县马加村的调查

采用调查问卷和临床问诊的方法对湖南省株洲市马加村随机抽样的252名留守村民进行调查,共发放调查问卷264份,回收问卷252份,回收率95.5%。调查表明:81.7%的被调查者有不同程度的身体疾病,其中血压偏高者57.3%,长期肌肉疼痛者69.4%,关节、骨异常者52.9%,腰间盘突出者16%。在此基础上,对影响留守村民的健康的因素进行了分析。     

基于NDVI遥感反演的半干旱沙区耕地地表温度异质性研究

土地荒漠化是半干旱沙区突出的生态环境问题,土地利用是导致该区域土地荒漠化的主要原因,在荒漠化呈整体逆转、局部扩张的背景下,基于地块尺度研究半干旱沙区耕地利用特征,对进一步防治荒漠化、实现生态恢复具有重要意义。本文利用遥感反演的地表温度,分析耕地地块的地表温度特征,并分析形成该特征的原因。结果表明,耕地地表温度总体分布范围较大;在耕地地块温差方面,地块温差较大,遥感影像的行编号条带号为030/120部分的耕地地块温差在0～10 K之间,行编号条带号为030/119部分的耕地地块温差在0～11 K之间,且地块温差大的耕地面积所占比例大;耕地地块边缘的地表平均温度高于地块平均温度。科左后旗自然降水量的空间分异使得耕地地表温度范围较大。坨甸微地形导致自然降水重新分配和耕地地块存在一定高差造成耕地地块温差较大。微地形条件、土壤质量及农业管理措施共同导致了耕地地块边缘的地表温度较高。基于以上研究结果,认为在半干旱沙区进行耕地质量评价时,评价单元的确定宜采用网格法;建议对耕地地块边缘的耕地进行退耕,以进一步防治土地荒漠化和恢复生态。     

对鸡第三脑室的扫描电镜理察

扫描电镜观察结果表明,鸡第三脑室的室管膜有构造分区。视前隐窝有密集的纤毛和徽绒毛,且呈均匀分布。由第三脑室侧壁的背侧向腹侧过渡,纤毛密度逐渐增加。漏斗隐窝的结构最复杂,是多纤毛区、少纤毛区、无纤毛区和伸张细胞区交错排列形成的嵌合体,并分布有大量的泡状结构。存在于侧壁的室旁器的结构特征为表面分布有大量的室管膜上神经纤维。伸张细胞仅存在于漏斗区,互相排列成蜂窝状,表面分布有少量分泌小泡和微绒毛。在鸡第三脑室的各部均发现了神经元样细胞、神经胶质样细胞和类组织细胞。     

Effects of noninvasive delayed limb ischemic preconditioning on prognosis of myocardial infarction

AIM: To study the effects of noninvasive delayed limb ischemia preconditioning (NDLIP) on animal cardiac function, myocardial morphology and myocardial apoptosis after myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS: Healthy SD male rats[n=45, weighing (250±10) g] were randomly divided into 3 groups:MI group:the animal model of MI was established by surgical ligation of left anterior descending artery (LAD) after 2 weeks; NDLIP group:after the success of the MI animal model, NDLIP was carried out every other day until the 4th, 6th and 8th weeks; sham group:as the negative control group, the animals were taken heart LAD threading but no ligation. All rats were fed conventionally. At the end of the 4th, 6th and 8th weeks, all rats were made ventricular intubation, and then the hemodynamic parameters were recorded. The blood samples were withdrawn from the abdominal aorta and the serum was separated via centrifugation. The serum contents of Bcl-2 and Bax were measured by ELISA. Left ventricular anterior wall was homogenized. The mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ in the myocardial tissues were detected by ELISA. RESULTS: At the end of the 4th, 6th and 8th weeks, compared with MI group, left ventricular systolic pressure in NDLIP group was significantly increased, while left ventricular end-diastolic pressure in NDLIP group was significantly decreased (both P<0.05). Mitochondrial respiratory chain complexesⅠ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ in NDLIP group were significantly increased (P<0.05). The serum level of Bcl-2 in NDLIP group was significantly increased and Bax level was reduced remarkably (both P<0.01). CONCLUSION: NDLIP improves the hemodynamic indexes, promotes the mitochondrial respiratory function and inhibits cell apoptosis, thus improving the prognosis of MI.     

无定河中游左岸监测区潜伏的土壤退化问题及其对策研究

本文在对无定河中游左岸监测区流域内农林业生产基地及主要农业作物进行详细调研后,选取不同地形结构(坡地、梯田和坝地)、不同措施配置(乔木林、灌木林)等10种农业用地的地类,进行土壤理化指标监测,并对监测结果进行横向和纵向两个层面分析,发现各种地类的各类指标均存在着不同水平的退化趋势,并针对问题提出了3项治理措施。     

IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—METASTATIC HEMANGIOSARCOMA CAUSING CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE IN A DOG

A 9-year-old male Appenzeller mountain dog had progressive severe ataxia and central vestibular syndrome that was localized clinically to the brain stem. The cerebrospinal fluid characteristics were suggestive of hemorrhage into the subarachnoid space. On computed tomography (CT), hyperattenuating masses were found in the left lateral ventricle extending into the cerebrum, and another involving the cerebellum and brainstem. The hyperattenuation of the masses in noncontrast images and the absence of contrast enhancement were consistent with hemorrhage. The dog underwent euthanasia. A metastatic hemangiosarcoma in the brain, causing acute bleeding in the left lateral ventricle and the brainstem, was found. A solitary mass in the left myocardium was thought to be the primary site. CT characteristics of intracranial hemorrhage are reviewed.