超排方法及兔龄对家兔超排效果的影响

采用国产促卵泡激素（FSH），促黄体激素（LH）和人绒毛膜促性腺激素（HCG），分别以FSH LH（A法），FSH HCG（B法）两种不同的处理方法，对不同年龄的家兔进行超排处理，旨在选择对家兔有效的超排方法，比较兔龄对超排效果的影响。结果表明，用A法对经产母兔和青年母兔处理后的排卵数分别为68枚，46枚；回收胚胎数分别为36枚，15枚；有效胚胎数分别为27枚，10枚，用B法对经产母兔和青年母兔处理后的排卵数分别为93枚，71枚；回收胚胎数分别为59枚，37枚，有效胚胎数分别为45枚。26枚。以上指标均以FSH HCG组最高，经产兔超排效果较青年兔好。     

LRH─A3、hCG和PMSG对体外培养条件下牦牛垂体组织LH和FSH分泌的调节

促卵泡素３号（ＬＲＨ－Ａ３）、人绒毛膜促性腺激素（ｈＣＧ）和孕马血清促性腺激素（ＰＭＳＧ）等３种外源性激素均可增加体外培养条件下牦牛垂体组织分泌ＬＨ和ＦＳＨ的能力。培养液中ＬＨ和ＦＳＨ含量与加入的ＬＲＨ－Ａ３量呈正相关，与加入的ＰＭＳＧ和ｈＣＧ的量无显著关系     

Heterologous Radioimmunoassay for Llama and Alpaca Luteinizing Hormone with a Monoclonal Antibody,an Equine Standard and a Human Tracer

A radioimmunoassay for llama and alpaca LH was developed using a human I¹²⁵LH tracer from a commercial kit, equine LH diluted in human LH free serum as standard, and a monoclonal antibody (518B7) specific for LH but with low species specificity. A 60-min delay in the addition of the tracer and overnight incubation gave a sensitivity of 0.8 μg L⁻¹. The intra-assay coefficient of variation was 37% at 1 μg L⁻¹, declined to 15% at 4 pg L⁻¹ and was below 6% for concentrations up to 32 μg L⁻¹. The inter-assay coefficients of variation for 3 control samples were 20% (2.8 μg L⁻¹), 16% (7.1 μg L⁻¹) and 9.8% (19 μg L⁻¹). In an attempt to increase sensitivity, all tubes were preincubated for 4 h at room temperature before adding the tracer, and the sample volume was increased from 50 μL to 100 μL· (in the standard curve the increased volume was compensated for by human LH free serum). With this protocol, the assay sensitivity was 0.5 μg L⁻¹. The assay was validated clinically and demonstrated increased concentrations of LH after mating in llamas and alpacas. Furthermore, the assay was used to monitor LH responses to a single dose of GnRH in llamas (adult males and females at different ages).     

The efficacy of a single chain recombinant equine luteinizing hormone (reLH) in mares: induction of ovulation, hormone profiles, and inter-ovulatory intervals

The objectives of this study were to determine the efficacy of recombinant equine luteinizing hormone (reLH) in shortening the time to ovulation in cycling mares and to determine the effects of treatment on endogenous hormones and inter-ovulatory intervals. In study 1, mares of light horse breeds (3–20 years) were treated with either a vehicle, various doses of reLH, or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Cycling mares were examined by palpation and ultrasound per rectum daily or every 12 h from the time of treatment to ovulation. In studies 2 and 3, jugular blood samples were collected daily or every 12 h from the time of treatment to ovulation for analysis of LH, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol-17β (E₂), and progesterone (P₄) by radioimmunoassays (RIA). Increasing doses of reLH (0.3, 0.6, 0.75, and 0.9 mg) showed increasing effectiveness at inducing ovulation within 48 h of treatment. Treatments with the 0.75 and 0.9 mg doses of reLH resulted in 90% and 80% ovulation rates, which were similar to hCG treatment (85.7%). Except for the early rise in LH after treatment with 0.5, 0.65, and 1.0 mg of reLH, hormone profiles appeared to be similar between control and treated cycles. Inter-ovulatory intervals were similar between control and treatment cycles. In conclusion, reLH is a reliable and effective ovulatory agent that does not significantly alter endogenous hormone profiles or affect inter-ovulatory intervals.     

单色光对蛋鸡产蛋高峰期的影响

研究单色光对产蛋高峰期、产蛋高峰期排卵素(LH)和促卵泡激素(FSH)在外周血中的含量及输卵管膨大部形态结构的影响。采用红、绿、蓝3种发光二极管(LED,处理组)和白炽灯(对照组),对蛋鸡进行人工光照。白光组产蛋高峰期最短(23~29周龄),蓝光组最长(23~35周龄);蓝光组血清LH和FSH的上升维持时间最长(25~34周龄);34周龄时,与其他组相比蓝光组输卵管膨大部管状腺排列紧密,腺体管腔内容物充盈。蓝光促进了LH和FSH的分泌,使输卵管的分泌功能在较长时间内保持良好状态,进而延长了产蛋高峰期。蓝光组高峰期产蛋率为94%,料蛋比最低(2.10),与白光组相比蓝光组产蛋高峰期延长6周,提高了其产蛋性能。     

LH抗体间接ELISA检测方法的建立

以高纯度的促黄体素（LH）作为包被抗原,建立了检测LH抗体的间接ELISA法,该法的最适抗原包被浓度为1μg/mL,最佳酶标山羊抗小鼠抗体稀释度为1∶1500.该法只与LH阳性小鼠血清呈现阳性反应,而与LH阴性小鼠血清和小鼠促卵泡素（FSH）阳性血清呈现阴性反应.结果表明,该法具有良好的特异性和重复性,可用于LH免疫后抗体水平检测.     

促性腺激素对猪卵母细胞体外成熟的影响

在成熟液中同时添加不同浓度(0.25～2.0μg/mL)FSH和不同浓度(0.25～2.0μg/mL)LH,探讨这2种促性腺激素结合使用对猪卵母细胞体外成熟的影响.结果显示,当FSH的添加浓度为0.25～2.0μg/mL及LH的添加浓度为0.25～2.0μg/mL时,猪卵母细胞的核成熟率极显著高于没有添加FSH和LH的对照组(P＜0.01),而FSH和LH不同浓度组合之间对猪卵母细胞核成熟影响差异不显著(P＞0.05).结果表明,成熟液中同时添加0.25μg/mL FSH和0.25μg/mL LH便能极显著地促进猪卵母细胞的核成熟率,国产FSH和LH用于猪卵母细胞体外成熟研究是可行的.     

LH-β and FSH-β mRNA expression in nesting and post-breeding three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus, and effects of castration on expression of LH-β, FSH-β and spiggin mRNA

The mRNA expression of the LH- and FSH- subunits were measured in nesting and post-breeding male three-spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculetaus, as well as in castrated and sham-operated nesting males. Furthermore, expression of an androgen induced kidney protein, spiggin, and 11-ketotestosterone (11KT) levels, were measured in the castrated and sham-operated males. Nesting males had significantly higher levels of both LH- and FSH- mRNA expression compared to post-breeding males. Furthermore, sham-operated males had significantly higher levels of LH- mRNA and spiggin mRNA expression than the castrated fish. Expression of FSH-, on the other hand, did not differ between castrated and sham-operated males. There were strong positive individual correlations between circulating levels of 11KT on the one hand and expressions of LH- and spiggin mRNA, whereas the correlation between 11KT levels and FSH- mRNA was weak. The negative effect of castration on -LH mRNA indicates that gonadal hormones stimulate this expression, whereas this was not the case for -FSH. The observed decline in -LH expression after the end of the breeding season may be the result of cessation of the gonadal stimulation of the pituitary. On the other hand, it is not likely that this can explain the decline in FSH- expression.     

番鸭就巢期生殖激素水平的变化规律

对番鸭就巢期不同时间的血浆生殖激素水平进行测试,揭示了不同就巢时间血浆生殖激素浓度变化的规律,并对就巢与激素之间的相关性进行分析。结果表明:(1)抱窝期血浆PRL含量(0.68±0.11ng/mL)极显著高于醒抱期的含量(0.33±0.04ng/mL)(P<0.01);(2)醒抱前后血浆LH含量差异很大,醒抱后LH含量(33.17±15.49mIU/mL)极显著高于抱窝期含量(5.56±1.99mIU/mL)(P<0.01);(3)抱窝期血浆E2含量(0.9±0.65ng/mL)极显著低于醒抱期含量(1.9±1.17ng/mL)(P<0.01);(4)PRL与LH、PRL与E2、LH与E2之间的相关系数分别为-0.923、-0.666和0.641。