不孕母牛的染色体畸变分析

应用外周全血体外培养法制备染色体标本,通过G-显带,连续C-显带法分析6头屡配不孕的中国黑白花奶牛染色体畸变情况。结果发现:四倍体/二倍体镶嵌3头,染色体臂间倒位2头。四倍体细胞频率(10.30％～16.67％)显著高于对照牛(3.65％)。常规染色并组型分析发现,倒位发生在11号染色体。此外,对照牛中有1头出现染色体罗伯逊易位。常规染色并组型分析证明,核型为59,xx,Robt(2/27)。C-带显示易位染色体为单着丝点。     

氟对精子毒性作用的研究进展

氟是一种全身性毒物,除累及牙齿、骨骼外,还对非骨相的多种组织和器官有损害作用,氟对生殖系统的损伤作用已经引起了广泛的关注。从氟对动物精子及人类精子的毒性作用入手,探讨了氟对精子的毒性作用机理,以期人们能更深入地研究氟的生殖毒性机理。     

不孕症奶牛抗卵巢抗体的检测及临床意义

为探讨奶牛不孕症与ＡＯＡｂ的关系,用放免法检测啊１４例原发性不孕、１０例继发性不孕奶牛血清ＡＯＡｂ,并与正常妊娠组对照。实验表明,ＡＯＡｂ阳性１０例,总阳性率为４１．６７％,ＡＯＡｂ为原发性不孕相关,与继发性不孕无明显关系。结果提示,ＡＯＡｂ的存在是奶牛原发性不孕的重要病因。     

Consequences of Intrauterine Enrofloxacin Infusion on Mare Endometrium

Endometritis is an important cause of infertility in mares. Enrofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic to which most equine endometritis pathogens are not resistant. The objective of this study was to determine whether enrofloxacin is safe to use as a conventional intrauterine infusion treatment. Nine healthy mares received intrauterine infusions of enrofloxacin (Baytril 100, 100 mg/mL, Bayer Health Care LLC, Animal Health Division) at 2.5 mg/kg daily for 3 days. Ultrasonographic examination and vaginal examinations were performed during the study. Endometrial biopsies were performed before treatment (S0) and 24 hours after the last treatment (S1) to evaluate acute effects. For evaluating chronic effects, biopsies were performed at 14 days (S2) and 60 days posttreatment (S3). Biopsies were graded histologically by the Kenny and Doig category scale. Difference in histological biopsy grade before and after treatment was compared between biopsies by using a repeated-measures one-way analysis of variance. and significant changes in grades were used to assess treatment effects. The vaginal and ultrasonographic examination after intrauterine infusion of enrofloxacin showed that all mares had severe purulent vaginitis and uterine fluid accumulation of ≥2 cm, with ≥1.5-cm thickening of the endometrial wall which persisted in most mares until the end of the study. Histologically, there was acute endometrial ulceration, necrosis, and hemorrhage in biopsy S1 in all mares, categorized as grade III. In biopsy S2, most mares developed fibrosis and inflammation graded as IIb (four of nine mares) or III (four of nine mares). In biopsy S3, fibrosis was extensive and had variable inflammation, graded as IIb (two of nine mares) or III (five of nine mares), with some mares healing to grade IIa (two of nine mares). There was an overall worsening of endometrial biopsy grade from I to III at S3 compared with S0 (P < .001). These results confirm that enrofloxacin is not suitable for conventional intrauterine infusion treatment in mares.     

中药促孕灌注液的研制和应用

自制中药促孕灌注液,通过奶牛子宫内灌注,以治疗奶牛卵巢静止和持久黄体性不孕症。五年内治疗卵巢静止220例,持久黄体209例,获得满意效果。其结果表明该药能促进患牛发情、排卵,总发情率达94.9％,总受胎率为79.4％。经小动物实验,初步证明它具有轻微的雌性激素样作用和增强离体子宫收缩的功能。     

不同施肥水平对黔辣系列辣椒品种耐瘠性评价

[目的]研究不同施肥水平下黔辣系列辣椒（Capsicum annuum L.）品种的耐瘠能力,以获得耐瘠能力较强的资源材料,为今后选育耐瘠能力强、产量高的辣椒品种提供亲本来源.[方法]供试材料分别为黔辣1号、黔辣2号、黔辣3号、黔辣4号,其中黔辣1号为线椒系列,黔辣2、3、4号为朝天椒系列,均由贵州省辣椒研究所选育.设5个施肥处理和不施肥对照,其中正常施肥量处理为：纯N 198.90kg/hm^2,P2O5 79.80 kg/hm^2,K2O 169.35 kg/hm^2,其他4个处理施肥量分别为正常施肥量处理的1/4、1/2、3/4、5/4.[结果]参试品种各性状受施肥量的影响较为明显,但品种间也存在一定的差异.黔辣3号和黔辣4号耐瘠能力大于黔辣1号和黔辣2号.黔辣3号和黔辣4号最低施肥量均为：纯N 99.45 kg/hm^2,P2O539.90 kg/hm^2,K2O 84.75 kg/hm^2;黔辣1号和黔辣2号最低施肥量均为：纯N 149.25kg/hm^2,P2O5 59.85 kg/hm^2,K2O 127.05 kg/hm^2.[结论]该研究对于丰富贵州山区辣椒品种资源,促进辣椒产业可持续发展具有积极作用.     

Resveratrol Reverses Cadmium Chloride-induced Testicular Damage and Subfertility by Downregulating p53 and Bax and Upregulating Gonadotropins and Bcl-2 gene Expression

This study was performed to investigate the protective and therapeutic effects of resveratrol (RES) against CdCl₂-induced toxicity in rat testes. Seven experimental groups of adult male rats were formulated as follows: A) controls+NS, B) control+vehicle (saline solution of hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin), C) RES treated, D) CdCl₂+NS, E) CdCl₂+vehicle, F) RES followed by CdCl₂ and M) CdCl₂ followed by RES. At the end of the protocol, serum levels of FSH, LH and testosterone were measured in all groups, and testicular levels of TBARS and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured. Epididymal semen analysis was performed, and testicular expression of Bcl-2, p53 and Bax was assessed by RT-PCR. Also, histopathological changes of the testes were examined microscopically. Administration of RES before or after cadmium chloride in rats improved semen parameters including count, motility, daily sperm production and morphology, increased serum concentrations of gonadotropins and testosterone, decreased testicular lipid peroxidation and increased SOD activity. RES not only attenuated cadmium chloride-induced testicular histopathology but was also able to protect against the onset of cadmium chloride testicular toxicity. Cadmium chloride downregulated the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2 and upregulated the expression of pro-apoptotic genes p53 and Bax. Resveratrol protected against and partially reversed cadmium chloride testicular toxicity via upregulation of Bcl2 and downregulation of p53 and Bax gene expression. The antioxidant activity of RES protects against cadmium chloride testicular toxicity and partially reverses its effect via upregulation of BCl2 and downregulation of p53 and Bax expression.