冲量法谷物流量测量系统的试验研究

根据精细农业研究的实际要求，首先在不考虑外部振动的情况下设计了一种基于冲量原理的谷物流量测量试验装置。该装置由自行研制的冲量传感器、数据采集器和谷物流动模拟箱体组成。试验结果表明，这种装置测量误差的绝对值小于5%，在此基础上又进行了谷物产量时监测系统的试验研究，试验结果表明，在引入外部机械振动的情况下，经过滤波处理系统测量误差的绝对值小于8%。     

河南省经济增长与城乡居民收入差距关系的实证分析

选取泰尔指数度量了河南省城乡收入差距,并运用协整检验和格兰杰因果关系检验,以及基于向量自回归模型的脉冲响应函数及方差分解等方法,实证分析了河南省1978～2009年的经济增长与城乡收入之间的关系。研究发现,经济增长与城乡收入差距之间存在长期均衡关系;经济增长对城乡收入差距的扩大具有很大的影响,而城乡收入差距的扩大对于经济增长存在着一定的制约作用。     

基于VAR模型的粮食价格指数统计分析

基于VAR模型,对2001～2010年我国粮食价格指数进行实证分析。通过建立VAR模型对粮食价格序列与CPI指数之间动态变化规律及影响机制进行定量分析,并结合脉冲响应函数对短期的未来粮食价格走势进行预测。结果表明：国内未来的粮食价格会有逐步回落的趋势,但仍将维持10%左右的涨幅。     

财政支农支出与农业产值·农民收入的动态关系分析

运用协整检验、脉冲响应函数和方差分解方法对1978~2009年中国财政支农支出、农业产值与农村居民家庭人均纯收入的动态关系进行了经验研究。结果表明,长期来看,政府支农支出对农业产值和农民收入有很强的促进作用;但短期来看,这种促进作用不明显,同时农业产值对农民收入和政府支农支出的促进作用也较小,而农民收入对农业产值和政府支农支出的促进作用则较大。     

Agreement of high definition oscillometry with direct arterial blood pressure measurement at different blood pressure ranges in horses under general anaesthesia

ObjectiveTo determine the agreement of high definition oscillometry (HDO) with direct arterial blood pressure measurements in normotensive, hypotensive and hypertensive horses during general anaesthesia.Study designExperimental study.AnimalsSeven healthy warmblood horses, aged 3–11 years, weighing 470–565 kg.MethodsMeasurements from a HDO device with the cuff placed around the base of the tail were compared with pressures measured invasively from the facial artery. High blood pressures were induced by intravenous (IV) administration of dobutamine (5 μg kg⁻¹ minute⁻¹) over ten minutes followed by norepinephrine (0.1 mg kg⁻¹ IV) and low pressures by increasing the inspired fraction of isoflurane and administration of nitroglycerine (0.05 mg kg⁻¹ IV). For analysis three pressure levels were determined: high (MAP>110 mmHg), normal (60 mmHgResultsA total of 245 paired measurements of systolic (SAP), mean (MAP) and diastolic (DAP) pressures were obtained. The HDO device underestimated blood pressure at hypertensive and normotensive levels and overestimated blood pressure at hypotensive levels. Best agreement was obtained for SAP and MAP within normotensive limits. At normotension, bias ± standard deviation for SAP, MAP and DAP were 0.1 ± 19.4 mmHg, 0.5 ± 14.0, 4.7 ± 15.6, respectively. At high pressure levels bias and SD were 26.1 ± 37.3 (SAP), 4.2 ± 19.4 (MAP), 1.5 ± 16.8 (DAP) and at low pressures -20.0 ± 20.9 (SAP), -11.4 ± 19.6 (MAP), -4.7 ± 20.1 (DAP), with HDO measurements at a MAP <50 mmHg often failing.Conclusion and clinical relevanceGood agreement with invasive arterial blood pressures was obtained with HDO at normotensive levels in horses. At high and low pressure ranges HDO was unreliable. Therefore, if haemodynamic instability is expected, invasive measurement remains preferable.     

城市经济增长与环境污染关系的动态响应过程

在介绍研究区域概况的基础上,依据《柳州市经济统计年鉴》、《柳州环境状况公报》相关数据,采用广义脉冲响应函数分析了城市经济增长与环境污染关系的动态响应过程。     

MEMS固体化学微推进阵列的微冲量测试技术

为了评价MEMS(Micro Electro Mechanical Systems)固体化学微推进阵列的推进性能,对其单元微冲量的精确测试显得尤为重要。在传统冲击摆的基础上,考虑微推进器推力和燃气射流冲击力之间的比例关系,设计了一套适用于MEMS固体化学微推进阵列单元微冲量的间接测试装置,并成功用于6×6规格(单元集成度为36个/cm²)微推进阵列的实际测试中。结果表明:典型实验数据下的待测微冲量为2.5442×10-4Ns,相对误差小于5%;实测8个单元的微冲量平均值为2.5574×10-4 N·s,相对偏差较小,具有很好的重复性。      

Agreement between direct, oscillometric and Doppler ultrasound blood pressures using three different cuff positions in anesthetized dogs

ObjectiveTo evaluate the agreement between invasive blood pressure (IBP) and Doppler ultrasound blood pressure (DUBP) using three cuff positions and oscillometric blood pressure (OBP) in anesthetized dogs.Study designProspective study.AnimalsNine adult dogs weighing 14.5–29.5 kg.MethodsThe cuff was placed above and below the tarsus, and above the carpus with the DUBP and above the carpus with the OBP monitor. Based on IBP recorded via a dorsal pedal artery catheter, conditions of low, normal, and high systolic arterial pressures [SAP (mmHg) <90, between 90 and 140, and >140, respectively] were induced by changes in isoflurane concentrations and/or dopamine administration. Mean biases ± 2 SD (limits of agreement) were determined.ResultsAt high blood pressures, regardless of cuff position, SAP determinations with the DUBP underestimated invasive SAP values by more than 20 mmHg in most instances. With the DUBP, cuff placement above the tarsus yielded better agreement with invasive SAP during low blood pressures (0.2 ± 16 mmHg). The OBP underestimated SAP during high blood pressures (?42 ± 42 mmHg) and yielded better agreement with IBP for mean (MAP) and diastolic (DAP) arterial pressure measurements [overall bias: 2 ± 15 mmHg (MAP) and 0.2 ± 16 mmHg (DAP)].ConclusionsAgreement of SAP determinations with the DUBP is poor at SAP > 140 mmHg, regardless of cuff placement. Measurement error of the DUBP with the cuff placed above the tarsus is clinically acceptable during low blood pressures. Agreement of MAP and DAP measurements with this OBP monitor compared with IBP was clinically acceptable over a wide pressure range.Clinical relevanceWith the DUBP device, placing the cuff above the tarsus allows reasonable agreement with IBP obtained via dorsal pedal artery catheterization. Only MAP and DAP provide reasonable estimates of direct blood pressure with the OBP monitor evaluated.     

基于ADAMS的脉冲路面车辆行驶平顺性仿真研究

基于多体系统动力学理论,建立了某轿车整车多刚体虚拟样机。根据国家标准,在ADAMS中建立了脉冲路面虚拟试验场并进行了整车平顺性仿真分析。研究结果表明,由于采用了伸张行程阻尼力远大于压缩行程阻尼力的大阻尼减振器,使该车悬架系统具有较好的减振效果,在脉冲路面上该车行驶平顺性良好,车身质心最大振动加速度值不会影响乘员的健康。     

The use of impulse oscillometry for separate analysis of inspiratory and expiratory impedance parameters in horses: effects of sedation with xylazine

AIM: To improve the outcome of parameters measured by the impulse oscillometry system (IOS) in horses by separate assessment of inspiratory and expiratory impedance spectra in the frequency range between 1 and 10 Hz. As basis for further studies, the influence of sedation with xylazine on respiratory impedance was also investigated. METHODS: (i) The respiratory impedance of 11 horses was measured using IOS before and 6 min after sedation (xylazine; 0.6 mg/kg b.w.). (ii) The time course of impedance parameters in a period of 24 min after administration of xylazine was evaluated in 12 horses at regular intervals of 3 min. Resistance (R(rs)), reactance (X(rs)), and coherence (Co) were calculated as mean spectra (R(rs),X(rs),Co) of the entire measurement as well as separated into inspiration (Ri(rs),Xi(rs),Coi) and expiration (Re(rs),Xe(rs),Coe) at frequencies of 1, 5, and 10 Hz. RESULTS: (i) R(rs), X(rs) as well as Re(rs) and Xe(rs) revealed no significant influence of sedation. However, separate analysis of inspiration and expiration revealed a significant influence of sedation on all inspiratory impedance parameters. (ii) During the 24 min period after sedation, almost all inspiratory parameters were found significantly dependent on the time course of sedation whereas expiratory parameters Re10, Xe1, and Xe5 were not influenced. These results indicate that confounding factors due to sedation act mainly during inspiration. Muscle relaxation in upper airways due to xylazine is suspected to be the main cause of these phenomena.