超微粉碎对黄连解毒汤中栀子苷和小檗碱溶出的影响

目的:比较普通粉碎和超微粉碎对黄连解毒汤中栀子苷和小檗碱溶出量的影响.方法:用HPLC法测定.结果:超微粉碎可增加栀子苷和小檗碱的溶出量,在超声提取下超微细粉中栀子苷和小檗碱含量分别比细粉提高26.26%和37.07%.结论:超微粉碎没有改变黄连解毒汤固有的药效学物质,但对黄连解毒汤中栀子苷和小檗碱溶出量而言,超微粉碎有重大意义.     

我国饲料工业发展概况

本文对我国饲料工业发展现状、存在问题、措施及对策三个方面进行了综述。     

补饲不同配方酶制剂对犊牛断奶后生产性能的影响

选择健康无病、6- 7月龄间断奶的公牛犊 30头 ,随机分成 3组 ,即对照组 CK、试验组 TE1和 TE2 ,每组 1 0头。对照 CK组饲喂基础日粮 ;试验 TE1和 TE2 组分别补饲0 .1 %由纤维素酶、果胶酶、蛋白酶与淀粉酶组成的酶制剂 E1和由木聚糖酶、果胶酶、蛋白酶与淀粉酶组成的酶制剂 E2 ;试验 60 d,测定加酶对生产性能的影响。结果表明 ,与 CK组相比 ,TE1组日增重提高 7.51 % (P<0 .0 5) ,混合精料、粗料与增重比各下降 7.0 0 % (P<0 .0 5)、1 .2 3% (P<0 .0 5) ;TE2 组增重提高 4.2 0 % (P<0 .0 5) ,混合精料、粗料与增重比各下降 3.86% (P<0 .0 5)和 0 .31 % (P>0 .0 5) ;试验组犊牛断奶后对粗饲料的适应性有所增强 ;两组酶配方中 ,以纤维素酶为主的 E1效果优于 E2     

正反反复选择下近交对褐壳蛋鸡饲料利用率和繁殖性状的影响

本文估计了褐壳蛋鸡洛岛红(AA)和浅花苏赛克斯(BB)在正反反复选择(RRS)下的近交系数,分析了近交对选择标准饲料利用率及其相关性状和繁殖性状的影响。试验群体由两纯种及其正反交组合和相应的对照组组成。经过7个世代的RRS和近交试验,试验组AA和BB(括弧里为对照组1AA和1BB)用系谱材料计算出的平均累积近交系数分别为2.58％和3.23％(9.33和8.17%)或每代为0.43%(1.35%),用有效群体含量估计出的AA与BB的相应数值为2.91％与2.83％(5.84%与5.92％)或每代为0.42％(0.86％)。1％近交系数导致的孵化率和饲料利用率的近交衰退较严重(0.5％和0.4％),其次是产蛋性状(约0.3％),而体重和蛋重只有0.1％左右。在本研究中,通过连续7代的RRS与合适的留种率等措施,成功地将闭锁群体的近交系数控制在3%以下的低水平,消除或减轻了近交对饲料利用率等重要经济性状的不利影响。     

Unsaturated vitamin b(12) binding capacity in human and ruminant blood serum - a comparison of techniques including a new technique by high performance liquid chromatography

A new technique by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC-gel permeation) shows promise as a tool to separate and quantitate the Unsaturated Vitamin B(12) Binding Capacity (UBSC) of the individual Vitamin B(12) binders in blood serum. This method, although not as rapid as protein-coated charcoal or cellulose separation techniques, is more applicable for use with large numbers of samples than gel filtration. The use of a radioactivity detector to monitor the eluant from the column permitted automation of the method. Comparable results for UBBC and for the UBBC of individual binders were obtained when samples were analyzed by gel filtration and HPLC. The HPLC method proved suitably precise and the recovery of added cyanocobalamin was acceptable. It is proposed that HPLC be the method of choice for measurement of the USBC of binders of Vitamin B(12) in blood serum.     

Enantioselective degradation kinetics of metalaxyl in rabbits

Metalaxyl [methyl-N-(2′-methoxyacetyl)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-d,l- alaninate] is a potent phenylamide fungicide. The (−)-(R)-isomer accounts for most of the fungicidal activity. A possible stereo and/or enantioselective kinetics of metalaxyl in rabbits was investigated by intravenous injection. The concentrations of (−)-(R)- and (+)-(S)-metalaxyl in plasma, liver, and kidney tissue were determined by HPLC with a cellulose-Tris-(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate)-based chiral stationary phase and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. After intravenous administration of racemic metalaxyl (40 mg/kg), the (+)-(S)-enantiomer levels in plasma, liver, and kidney decreased more rapidly than the (−)-(R)-isomer. The area ratio of the (−)-(R)-/(+)-(S)-enantiomer under the concentration-time curve (AUC_0 → ∞) in plasma after drug application was 1.62. The total plasma clearance value of the (+)-(S)-enantiomer was 1.53 and higher than that of the (−)-(R)-enantiomer. The [R]/[S] ratio in plasma was >1 for standard rac-metalaxyl at each time point. The other pharmacokinetic parameters of the enantiomers were also different. The results indicate substantial stereoselectivity in the degradation of metalaxyl enantiomers in rabbits.     

西瓜中类胡萝卜素的高效液相色谱法分析

通过高效液相色谱法对西瓜中的类胡萝卜素进行分析,采用Vydac201TP54C18色谱柱,比较2种不同流动相的检测结果,表明乙腈:甲醇:二氯甲烷=75:20:5(V:V:V)的分离效果较好;初步定性分析确定西瓜中含有7种以上类胡萝卜素。     

HPLC法检测发酵玉米粉中的黄曲霉毒素B1、B2、G1、G2

发酵玉米粉用甲醇∶水(80∶20,V∶V)提取黄曲霉毒素(AFT),经免疫亲合柱(IAC)分离纯化、在线光化学衍生器柱后衍生化后,反相高效液相色谱(HPLC)荧光检测器测定AFT(B1、B2、G1、G2)含量。4种毒素在0.5ng/g和2ng/g2个水平下,样品加标回收率平均值分别为B188.0%和93.6%、B285.2%和85.3%、G192.4%和91.5%、G289.6%和85.6%;5次测定的标准差分别为:B12.5和6.3、B23.5和6.0、G12.8和9.0、G22.3和6.9;4种毒素的方法检出限均达到0.05ng/g。     

生乳与巴氏杀菌乳中糠氨酸含量及其测定方法研究

本试验研究了生乳与巴氏杀菌乳中糠氨酸含量及其测定方法,并提出糠氨酸作为巴氏杀菌乳中复原乳成分的标示物质,可鉴定巴氏杀菌乳中是否掺入复原乳.研究结果表明,生乳中糠氨酸含量应低于7 mg/100 g;乳粉中糠氨酸含量大于135 mg/100 g;不含复原乳的巴氏杀菌乳中糠氨酸含量应小于12 mg/100 g.使用高效液相色谱(HPLC)紫外检测糠氨酸平均偏差＜5%(n=5);回收率为98.2%.     

高效液相色谱法定量分析甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐

研究用HPLC定量分析甲维盐的方法。色谱条件如下:150mm×4.6mm不锈钢柱,用Hypersil,C185μm粒径,孔径300A;流动相:甲醇+水=80+20;流速1.0mL/min;紫外检测器波长254nm。本方法在1～8μg进样范围内和峰高呈线性。相关系数值(r)为0.9997。甲维盐分析方法的回收率为99.42%。