Ecology Habits of Equus hemionus and Gazella subgutturosa in Kalamaili Ungulate Reserve in Autumn

IntroductionKalamailiUngulateReserVe(88"30,-90o001E,44o46,-46o00'N),beingfoundedin1982andcovering17,000km',issituatedinsoutheasternDzungariaBasininXinjiang.Wildass(Equushemionus)andGoitredgazelle(GazedssUbgutturosa)arerankedrespectivelyasclass1and11proteCtedanimalsinChina11].ThereservebelongstoinlandlowhillydesertwitheXtremehotsumm\erandcoldwinter.Thevegetationfeaturepresentsscarcecoverage,dwarfplantsandlowbiomes.DominantplantsareHaIOXyIOnammodondfon,ReaumUfissoogaFI'Ca,Art6miSiBsp…     

Ecology habits ofEquus hemionus andGazella subgutturosa in Kalamaili Ungulate Reserve in autumn

The food habits of Wild ass (Equus hemionus) and Goitred gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa) in kalamaili Ungulate Reserve in autumn was described, based on the investigation conducted in 1992. Wild ass was much concentrated around water sources, and had more food resource than Goitred gezelle. The quagmires in the reserve were critical conditions as food and water bases for both species. In terms of present survey, it was estimated that 680 Wild ass and 8840 Goitred gazelle lived in this reserve. (Responsible Editor: Zhu Hong)     

不同季节鹅喉羚昼间活动节律特征

2007年10月至2008年10月,采用焦点动物取样法,在卡拉麦里山有蹄类自然保护区观察了鹅喉羚的昼间活动节律.共观察鹅喉羚有效个体1 917只,采集行为数据319.5 h,将鹅喉羚的行为分为采食、移动、警戒、休息和其他5种类型.结果表明:采食是各季节鹅喉羚最主要的活动类型,每天有2～3个采食高峰,一般出现在晨昏和正午...     

重引入普氏野马、蒙古野驴和鹅喉羚的秋季营养生态位

2009年秋季在新疆卡拉麦里山自然保护区乔木西拜,系统采集了重引入普氏野马（Equus przewalskii）、蒙古野驴（E.hemionus）和鹅喉羚（Gazella subgutturosa）的新鲜粪便,运用粪便显微分析法研究三者的秋季食性及其食物生态位。结果显示：普氏野马、鹅喉羚和蒙古野驴采食的植物种类基本相似...     

Three-dimensional modelling of computed tomography images of limb bones in gazelles (Gazella subgutturosa)

The objective of the present study was to model in 3D the detailed morphometric features of the thoracic and pelvic limb bones of the gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa), whose natural habitat is only in the Sanliurfa province, by using multidetector computerized tomography (MDCT) images. Materials from 14 (7 male and 7 female) dead gazelles were collected from the Harran University Veterinary Medicine Faculty clinics during or after treatment. MDCT images of the gazelles were taken and saved as DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) files. MIMICS 20.1 software was used to generate a 3D reconstruction of the data, and morphological and morphometrical evaluation was performed. In respect of morphological features, the combined metacarpus (Mc) III and metacarpus Mc IV were the main weight-bearing metacarpal bone, while Mc II and Mc V were rudimentary. On the femur, the lateral condyle was bigger than the medial condyle at the caudodistal end and the medial wing of the trochlea femoris was larger than the lateral. As with the thoracic limb, the combined metatarsus (Mt) III and metatarsus Mt IV were the main weight-bearing metacarpal bone and they displayed a synostosis structure. There was no secondary metatarsus in the gazelles’ pelvic limb. Based on digital measurements, the tibia was the longest bone of the gazelles’ skeletal system, and there was a statistically significant sexual dimorphism throughout the skeleton at the levels of p < .05, p < .01 and p < .001. As a result, the present study's findings are useful as reference data for further studies on anatomy, surgery and archaezoology, while also being useful for classifying species and for forensic sciences.     

圈养鹅喉羚夏季昼间行为时间分配及活动规律研究

2013年6—8月,在福海金勃源鹿业有限公司养殖区,采用摄像监控视频随机截屏的方式对11只(♂4、♀7)圈养鹅喉羚(Gazella subgutturosa)夏季昼间行为时间分配和活动规律进行了研究,并建立了圈养鹅喉羚的夏季昼间行为谱。结果表明:鹅喉羚的主要行为分为采食、警惕、趴卧、运动、修饰及其他行为。在夏季昼间,鹅喉羚一天的大部分时间用于趴卧(40.18%)、采食(29.40%)和运动(15.84%),警惕行为(5.77%)次之,修饰行为(4.04%)和其他行为(4.04%)所占比例最低。在活动规律上,趴卧在一天内有2个高峰期,即10:00—16:00和18:00—20:00,在18:00-20:00形成峰谷;采食在一天中有3个高峰期,分别出现在7:00—8:00、17:00—18:00和21:00—22:00,在13:00—14:00形成峰谷;运动在11:00—12:00有1个较为明显的高峰期,然后迅速降低,但在19:00—20:00有所升高;修饰和其他行为在一天中波动变化不大。雌雄个体之间在行为时间分配上不存在差异(P0.05)。     

A serologic investigation of blue tongue virus (BTV) in cattle,sheep and gazella subgutturosa subgutturosa in southeastern turkey

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is a vector-borne disease of ruminants disseminated in the tropic and sub-tropic zone of the world. It is also an important problem in the Middle East. Three serotypes (4–9–16) of the virus have been isolated so far in Turkey. Gazella subgutturosa subgutturosa (Goitred Gazella) is native species of Anatolia. Due to risk of extinction, captured Gazelles have been taken under protection in a restricted area at Ceylanpinar state farm. In this study, the presence of Bluetongue virus (BTV) was investigated serologically in 82 Goitred Gazella, 684 sheep and 100 cattle. Seropositivity rates in Gazella, sheep and cattle were detected as 40.2%, 295% and 88%, respectively.     

基于MaxEnt模型的新疆鹅喉羚生境适宜性评价

生境评价对物种保护具有非常重要的意义。本文以鹅喉羚为研究对象,2013～2017年通过对新疆各地区开展多次野外考察,共收集了180个鹅喉羚出现点数据,作为其分布点数据,选取19个气候因子、3个地形因子、植被因子、人类干扰因子等4类24种因子作为环境变量因子,利用MaxEnt模型分析了鹅喉羚的生境适宜性分布特征和主要环境变量因子对鹅喉羚分布的影响。结果表明:模型预测结果准确性较高,平均AUC(area under the curve,受试工作者曲线下面积)值为0. 973; Jackknife检验结果显示:海拔、最冷月最低温度(BIO6)、最干季平均温度(BIO9)、年均温(BIO1)、最冷季平均温度(BIO11)为对鹅喉羚生境分布影响最大的环境变量。鹅喉羚在新疆的适宜分布区主要是天山山脉南部的塔里木盆地和塔克拉玛干大沙漠周边区域、天山山脉北部的准噶尔盆地周边区域、新疆东部的吐哈盆地周边地区、新疆最北部的阿勒泰山脉周边区域等。本研究不仅揭示了新疆鹅喉羚的实际分布状况,同时为了更有效地保护新疆鹅喉羚及其栖息环境提供科学依据。     

A three-dimensional pelvimetric assessment on pelvic cavity of gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa) by computed tomography

The gazelles (Gazella subgutturosa), which are at the risk of extinction and are legally protected, have a cultural and aesthetic value in Turkey. It becomes incredibly important to increase their numbers in order to ensure their survival. In this context, it is required to examine thoroughly the pelvic cavity which contains reproductive organs and is used as the birth canal, as well. This study was conducted to determine the pelvimetric data of the gazelles by scanning their pelvic cavity via a multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and preparing three-dimensional models of the pelvic cavity. Twelve adult (6 females, 6 males) gazelle carcasses were used in the study. After the pelvic cavity was scanned using the MDCT device with 64 detectors at 80 kV, 200 mA, 639 mGY and 0.625 mm cross-section thickness, the MDCT images were obtained. The three-dimensional models of the images obtained using MIMICS 20.1 (The Materialise Group, Leuven, Belgium) program were prepared. Pelvimetric measurements of the pelvic cavity were taken using these models. It was determined based on the pelvimetric examinations that there was a significant difference between the female and male gazelles in terms of conjugate diameter, vertical diameter, intermediate traversal diameter, and cranial and medial transverse diameter data at p < .05. Also, there was a significant difference in their data related to caudal transverse diameter and ischial arch at p < .01. Consequently, it is thought that the use of pelvimetric values belonging to the pelvic cavity of gazelles would reveal the sexual dimorphism of the species and its differences with other species and would contribute to clinical sciences.     

鹅喉羚(Gazella subgutturosa)研究动态

鹅喉羚（Gazella subgutturosa)为IUCN红皮书保护物种，国家二级保护动物。该种可分为6个亚种，分布于西亚、南亚和中亚及其邻近地区；我国境内4亚种，分布于新疆准噶尔盆地、塔里木盆地、昆仑－阿尔金山，内蒙古西部，甘肃西部，青海柴达木盆地，宁夏荒漠区；新疆是鹅喉羚的主要分布区，有3亚种。新疆昌吉州平均密度为雄＝1:1.05，成：幼＝2.4:1，母：仔＝1:1.4。鹅喉羚犄角有效成份与赛加羚犄角相同，但氨基酸总含量约低8％，为潜在的“羚羊角”替代品。天门冬氨酸含量增加可能与运动相关。该种雄性染色体为33、32或31，雌性为32、31或30，这种差异可能是由于染色体间融合和易位所致。犄角年龄环纹可作为年龄鉴定的依据。最后，对饲养繁殖、疾病防治、致危因素和保护对策等方面的研究成果作了综合评介。