60Co辐射诱变姬松茸突变株J3子实体不同部位的氨基酸分析研究

测定并比较了60Co辐射诱变姬松茸突变株J3与原菌株J1子实体不同部位的氨基酸含量.结果表明,除菌柄和盖皮外,姬松茸突变株J3子实体其它部位的必需氨基酸、儿童氨基酸、硫氨酸、支链氨基酸、鲜味氨基酸、芳香族氨基酸和甜味氨基酸均高于原菌株J1.姬松茸突变株J3子实体中谷氨酸含量占氨基酸总量的比例分别比原菌株J1、α-酪蛋白和卵清蛋白提高34.88%、56.68%和122.32%.     

Bcl-2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide increases the sensitivity of HL60 and K562 cells to daunorubicin

AIM:To investigate whether the bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide increases the sensitivity of HL60 and K562 cell lines to daunorubicin.METHODS:IC50 for HL60 and K562 was determined with MTT method, the expression levels of Bcl-2 protein were assayed by immunofluorescence using fluoresce isothiocyanate labeling. In addition, apoptosis was detected by morphological observation and flow cytometric analysis of DNA fragmentation.RESULTS:It was found that the two oligonucleotides directed against the coding region and the translation initiation of bcl-2 mRNA, combined respectively with daunorubicin, inhibited expression of bcl-2 protein, increased apoptosis in HL60 and K562 cells, and decreased IC50 of daunorubicin significantly (P＜0.05). Compared to the antisense oligonucleotide directed against the translation initiation of bcl-2 mRNA, the antisense oligonucleotide directed against the coding region showed stronger effects in the aspects of increasing the sensitivity of HL60 cells to daunorubicin (P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS:These two antisense sequences in the translation initiation and the coding region of bcl-2 mRNA increased the sensitivity of HL60 and K562 cell lines to daunorubicin in a sequence-specific manner.     

The mechanism of apoptosis induced by homoharringtonine in HL-60 cells

AIM: To study the signal transduction pathway of apoptosis initiation induced by homoharringtonine in HL-60 cells. METHODS: After establishing the model of apoptosis initiation induced by homoharringtonine in HL-60 cells, at the point of apoptosis initiation, molecular caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax and Fas/FasL were measured with flow cytometry and transmission electron microscope. ERK2 and P38 expression in HL-60 cells were detected by using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The model of apoptosis initiation induced by homoharringtonine was established in HL-60 cells. At the point of apoptosis initiation, upregulation of caspase-3 and decrease in Bcl-2/Bax were observed. However, the expression of Fas/FasL did not significantly change. ERK2 expression decreased and P38 expression increased. CONCLUSIONS: Caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax and mitogen activated protein kinase pathways were involved in signal transduction of apoptosis initiation induced by homoharringtonine in HL-60 cells.     

利用高巧(60%吡虫啉悬浮种衣剂)防治小豆蚜虫效果研究

[目的]探讨小豆蚜虫防治新技术,比较研究种衣剂拌种的防治效果。[方法]选用高巧(60%吡虫啉悬浮种衣剂)进行播前拌种试验,采用50 mL水分别加入高巧2、4、6、8 mL拌种1.0kg的处理方法,播种后比较其出苗率及幼苗的发育情况、蚜虫防治效果、小豆百粒重、产量及增产率。[结果]高巧拌种不会影响小豆出苗,可有效防治小豆蚜虫,但防效随时间延长而降低。防效保持在85%以上,可显著提高小豆百粒重和产量。[结论]该技术可在小豆生产中进行推广应用。     

60Co-γ辐射对大花紫薇叶绿素荧光特性的影响

为探究60Co-γ射线辐射处理种子对大花紫薇生长发育中光合效率的影响,以大花紫薇种子为试验材料,以不同60Co-γ射线辐射剂量(0、20、60、100、140、180 Gy)进行辐射处理,测量不同处理生长发育过程中叶绿素及光合指标的变化,研究其对紫薇光合系统的影响。结果表明:20、60 Gy处理较对照和其他处理叶绿素质量分数更高,更有利于叶片进行光合作用;60、100 Gy处理较对照和其他处理潜在光合速率和最大光合效率更好;各时期光合性能指数与综合性能指数均呈现先上升后下降的趋势,但随时间的增加整体呈现下降的趋势,60 Gy较其他处理性能指数高。由此得出,60 Gy辐射处理有利于大花紫薇光合色素的产生与积累,较好的增加电子传递效率,有利于光合系统的运转和能量的积累。     

60 Co-γ射线辐照处理对4种药用植物种子萌发的影响

用不同剂量60Co-γ射线对益母草、蒲公英、车前、紫苏种子进行辐照处理,测定这4种药用植物种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数等指标,了解60 Co-γ射线辐照对其种子萌发的影响,为这4种药用植物的新品种选育提供参考.结果表明,60 Co-γ射线对4种药用植物种子具有较强的诱发突变能力,辐照剂量与种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数...     

^60Co-γ射线对长毛明对虾进行辐射诱变适宜剂量初探

本文将^60Co-γ射线进行辐射诱变育种的技术首次应用于长毛明对虾的遗传育种过程,初步探讨了长毛明对虾的亲体及幼体在^60Co-γ射线下不同诱变剂量的生物学效应,并通过产卵量、孵化率、存活率及亲虾的活力等数据,对辐射诱变剂量进行筛选,确定辐射诱变育种过程中辐射剂量的适宜范围。实验数据通过SPSS11．0进行单因素方差分析以及线性回归分析,研究结果显示诱变剂量同长毛明对虾幼体各性状指标有显著的相关关系（R^2〉0．90）,各个实验组的孵化率以及存活率都随着诱变剂量的增加而呈现出相应的下降趋势,长毛明对虾进行辐射诱变适宜剂量的范围应在1Gy-10Gy之间,而有关诱变个体的胚胎发育和遗传分析还需进一步的研究。     

印度产紫菜Pyropia chauhanii优良品系的选育与特性分析

为培育出藻体薄且适合在我国南方高水温海区栽培的紫菜新品种,利用~(60)Co-γ射线辐照和高温胁迫处理印度产紫菜Pyropia chauhanii野生型品系(PC-WT)的叶状体,分离出优良品系PC-M,随后通过研究2个品系在耐高温性、生长、主要光合色素含量、单孢子和壳孢子放散量等方面的差异后发现,在18和23°C温度组中,2个品系的壳孢子存活率、分裂率和假根发生率均无显著性差异,但在27和29°C温度组中,PC-M品系的壳孢子存活率比PC-WT品系分别提高了250.7%和305.4%,分裂率分别提高了42.4%和67.1%,假根发生率分别提高了86.6%和175.3%;将在23°C下培养30 d的叶状体分别置于18、23、27和29°C下培养10 d,在18、23和27°C组中,PC-M品系的叶状体绝对生长率分别是PC-WT品系的5.1、5.3和7.5倍,特定生长率分别是PC-WT品系的1.3、1.3和1.8倍;在27°C下培养15 d或在29°C下培养10 d,PC-WT品系的叶状体均放散了大量的单孢子,藻体流失严重,仅剩下基部,而PC-M品系的叶状体均没有放散单孢子、藻体形态完整、光泽好、生长速率快,培养至30 d后才发生轻微的卷曲。与PC-WT品系相比,常温组(23°C)的PC-M品系的3种主要光合色素(chl.a、藻红蛋白和藻蓝蛋白)含量以及壳孢子放散量分别提高了39.4%、209.8%、94.8%和36.7%,但藻体的平均厚度反而减少了31.6%。上述结果证实,与PC-WT品系相比,PC-M品系具有藻体薄、色素含量高、生长快、耐高温、壳孢子放散量大、单孢子不放散等优点,有望被培育成适宜栽培的新品种。