线粒体损伤、钙超载与肉鸡腹水综合征的关系

作者综述了线粒体损伤、钙超载与肉鸡腹水综合征的关系,钙超载可能是肉鸡腹水综合征发生和发展中,心、肺及其血管损伤和功能紊乱的机制,而线粒体损伤可以导致细胞内钙超载,同时钙超载后加重了线粒体的损伤。作者还指出了日粮钙与肉鸡腹水综合征的发生可能有关。     

针阀调节式液体射流泵的试验研究

介绍了多种不同结构参数的针阀调节式液体射流泵的试验结果，分析了结构参对泵性能的影响，推荐了合理的结构型式及参数，提出了计算泵性能的经验公式。     

基于Bloom Filter的去重方法研究

在个性化新闻推荐系统中，文章去重是一个重要的模块，避免了同一篇文章被重复推荐的现象。在海量用户场景下，采用传统的基于队列的去重方法将会消耗大量的内存。Bloom Filter是一种空间效率很高的随机数据结构，适用于允许有一定误判率的场景。本文基于Bloom Filter，设计双Bloom Filter位数组结构和Bloom Filter位数组链结构。实验证明，基于Bloom Filter位数组链的去重方法，不仅大大降低了程序对服务器内存要求，而且具有较好的灵活性和扩展性。     

变螺距诱导轮流场的数值模拟

在泵叶轮进口前置变螺距诱导轮能有效地提高泵机组的抗汽蚀性能。基于CFD技术,采用Fluent软件对变螺距诱导轮进行几何建模、选定边界条件等,数值模拟计算其内部流场。结合变螺距诱导轮的实例,给出了变螺距诱导轮内部速度与压力的分布情况以及粒子流动迹线图,得到了其内部流场的主要特征。     

基于物联网的内河小型渔船动态信息监控系统设计

为规范内河流域渔业生产秩序,保障渔船作业安全,该文设计了基于物联网的内河小型渔船动态信息监控系统。该系统集成了无线传感器网络、远程信息传输、远端后台监控等多种技术方法。其中,无线传感器网络主要用于获取包括渔船位置、电捕鱼违法监测信息和渔船超载检测信息等渔业现场数据。依靠Zig Bee技术,该网络实现了对不同类别传感器数据的汇聚、判断以及远程播发。远程信息传输是利用GPRS/GSM移动通信网络与互联网传输技术,实现了多渔船作业信息向后台监控中心的实时传输。后台渔政监控中心,具有渔船在电子地图上的识别与定位,渔业生产的实时监控以及渔政执法的决策辅助等功能。该系统经测试,可满足内河流域作业渔船在实时监管和安全保障等方面的需求,提高了农业渔政管理的水平。     

Hesperetin attenuates hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells via inhibition of calcium overload

AIM: To investigate the effect of hesperetin on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced apoptosis in the H9c2 cells and to clarify the underlying mechanism. METHODS: The H/R model was established and the H9c2 cells were pretreated with hesperetin for 4 h. The cell viability and cell damage were measured by CCK-8 assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) detection. The apoptosis was analyzed by Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry. The intracellular calcium fluorescence intensity was measured by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. The calcium-ATPase activity and the level of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were measured by ELISA. The mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by JC-1 staining. The protein expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax and cytochrome C (Cyt-C) were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: Hesperetin reduced the apoptosis of the H9c2 cells induced by H/R, decreased intracellular Ca²⁺ fluorescence intensity, elevated Ca²⁺-ATPase activity, inhibited the mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization and increased the level of ATP (P<0.05). In addition, hesperetin significantly reduced the release of Cyt-C protein from mitochondria to cytoplasma and increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio (P<0.05). After using the calcium ion inhibitor nimodipine, the percentage of the cells with mitochondrial membrane depolarization was decreased, the ATP level was increased and the protein expression of mitochondrion-related apoptosis molecules were decreased (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Hesperetin reduces the apoptosis of the H9c2 cells induced by H/R, which may be related to inhibition of calcium overload and improvement of mitochondrial function.     

重型立式车床转台流固耦合传热数值模拟与实验

采用流固耦合的数值方法研究了重型立式车床转台的耦合传热特性,使传热外边界条件变成内边界条件,更符合实际工况。给出了转速范围在5~50 r/min内的空气流场,以及工作台、底座和静压油膜的温度场分布。数值模拟结果表明转速提高使静压油膜温度升高,承载能力下降,加强了散热面对流,且高转速时底座的散热量被低估,但散热面温度没有显著升高,加重了工作台和底座热集中。同时,工作台数值模拟结果与红外线热像仪测量数据吻合较好,说明数值模拟结果符合物理原理,扩展了流固耦合传热的应用范围,使立式车床的散热情况分析结果更加可靠和精确。     

Social effects on crowding preferences of urban forest visitors

An image-based stated choice approach was used to investigate the conditions determining why visitors to an urban forest in Vienna feel crowded or not. Respondents (N=213) evaluated several sets of images depicting trail use scenarios with different levels of social crowding conditions and several types of social interferences. Forest users were segmented into three groups based on their global evaluations of use levels during weekends and work days, resulting in a crowding-averse, a crowding-tolerant, and a crowding-indifferent segment. Crowding-averse respondents reacted much more negatively to scenarios with high-use levels, heterogeneous trail use conditions, and violations of personal minimum spatial requirements caused by the presence of others. This user group felt overcrowded because social conditions experienced in the area interfered with their main visiting goals, especially to walk with their dog unleashed and to recreate. By contrast, crowding-tolerant respondents disliked very low-use and high-use situations, and preferred a certain amount of social stimulation in the form of some encounters, and more heterogeneous trail use conditions.     

细胞钙超载与鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫病损伤关系

为探讨鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫（E．tenella）宿主细胞损伤与钙超载的关系，采用组织定量检测、Von Kossa钙染色、焦锑酸钾电镜细胞化学技术对使用和未使用钙离子阻断剂的E．tenella感染鸡盲肠组织的细胞沉积钙、ATP酶、磷脂酶A2（PLA2）、游离脂肪酸和盲肠上皮细胞游离Ca^2＋的含量与分布进行了动态测定和分析。结果表明：（1）鸡患柔嫩艾美耳球虫病过程中，宿主细胞内钙和游离Ca^2＋明显增多（P〈0．01），并随盲肠损伤加重而增加；（2）在发病过程中盲肠组织Na^＋-K^＋-ATP酶、Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATP酶、总ATP酶活性均有不同程度的下降，在感染严重期显著低于不感染对照组（P〈0．01）；（3）钙超载盲肠组织的PLA2活性和游离脂肪酸含量明显升高（P〈0．01），表明钙超载是鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫病的一个重要损伤机制；（4）硝苯地平可以阻止Ca^2＋内流，减少宿主细胞内游离Ca^2＋，减轻宿主细胞的损伤，在本病发生的早期盲肠损伤较轻时，对鸡有一定的保护力，但随着疾病的发展，其作用下降。     

Effect of erythropoietin on expression of myocardial NADPH oxidase in pressure overload rats

AIM:To explore the effect of erythropoietin （EPO） on the expression of myocardial NADPH oxidase （Nox） in the pressure overload rats. METHODS:Male SD rats (n=36) were used to establish a pressure overload myocardial hypertrophy model by abdominal aorta ligation. The animals were divided into model group, control group (sham, without narrowing abdominal aorta, the rest of the operation was the same as the model) and recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) treatment group (intraperitoneal injection of rhEPO postoperatively, 4 000 U/kg, twice a week). After 8 weeks, the cardiac ultrasound imaging and hemodynamic evaluation were conducted to determine the cardiac functions. Masson staining was used to observe the degree of myocardial fibrosis. The expression of Nox2 and Nox4 at mRNA and protein levels was detected by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting. The protein levels of myocardial inflammatory factors CD45, F4/80 and TGF-β were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS:Compared with model group, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), left ventricular end-systolic pressure (LVESP) and left ventricular pressure maximum rising and falling rates (±dp/dtmax) increased significantly in EPO treatment group (P<0.01). At the same time, left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were decreased in EPO treatment group (P<0.01). EPO reduced the degree of myocardial fibrosis caused by pressure overload (P<0.01) and decreased the expression of Nox2 and Nox4 at mRNA and protein levels in the myocardium (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and reduced the protein expression of myocardial inflammatory factors CD45, F4/80 and TGF-β. CONCLUSION: EPO inhibits rat myocar-dial fibrosis induced by pressure overload, improves heart functions by decreasing NADPH oxidase activity and inhibiting myocardial oxidative stress levels and myocardial inflammatory reaction.