Changes of urinary albumin and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in high altitude polycythemia at different altitudes and its mechanism

AIM:To study the changes of excretive amount of albumin(ALB), N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase(NAG) in patients with high altitude polycythemia(HAPC) at different altitude and its mechanism.METHODS:Urinary ALB, NAG, activity of red blood cell superoxide dismutase(RBC-SOD), malonyldialdehyde(MDA) and erythrocyte filtration index(EFI) of 231 healthy subjects and 86 patients with HAPC at different altitude were detected.RESULTS:Excretive amount of urinary ALB, NAG, and plasma MDA, EFI were higher, and RBC-SOD was lower in patients with HAPC than those in healthy subjects, the changes were significantly obvious, with increasing altitude. Urinary ALB and NAG were negatively correlates to EFI, and no correlated to the content of MDA and RBC-SOD.CONCLUSIONS:EFI exertes an independent influence on urinary ALB and NAG. The decrease in erythrocyte deformability caused by the increase of peroxidation of lipids might participate in the pathogenesis and progress of the increase of excretive amount of ALB and NAG in HAPC.     

猪附红细胞体病家兔感染模型的免疫指标检测

[目的]观察家兔人工感染猪附红细胞体后的免疫指标的变化。[方法]采用猪附红细胞体阳性血样,以腹腔注射的方式人工感染家兔。模型建立后,通过血液压片镜检及PCR方法检测。感染家兔进行红细胞免疫功能的测定、T淋巴细胞百分率检测,并利用淋转实验等对家兔感染后的免疫指标进行监测。[结果]家兔感染附红细胞体后,RBC-C3b和RBC-IC花环率明显下降,外周血ANA;E+T淋巴细胞百分率显著降低,淋巴细胞的转化功能差异不明显。[结论]猪附红细胞体人工感染家兔后可引起家兔的细胞免疫,造成红细胞免疫功能下降。     

Isotype-specific antibodies in horses and dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia

Classes of antibody bound to erythrocytes were determined using direct immunofluorescence (DIF) flow cytometry in 3 horses and 12 dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA). Background levels of antibody binding were determined in samples from 12 horses and 12 dogs that were free of clinical disease. The range of nonspecific binding of a fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated goat anti-equine immunoglobulin G (IgG) was 19.9–36.7%, but was eliminated by the use of the F(ab)₂ fragment of FITC-conjugated goat anti-equine IgG. Background binding by other class-specific antibodies to equine and canine erythrocytes was negligible. The DIF results were compared to the direct antiglobulin (Coombs) test in 5 horses and 20 dogs with anemia. The former assay was more sensitive in dogs with IMHA than was the Coombs' test (100% versus 58%). In contrast, the Coombs' test had better specificity than the DIF assay (100% versus 87.5%, respectively). Using clinical parameters or response to therapy as the comparison, the positive and negative predictive values for the DIF test were 92% and 100% compared to the values of the Coombs' test of 100% and 62%. The DIF assay detected low levels of cells bound with antibody (<30%) in 5 dogs that were Coombs' test-negative. For both species, performance of the DIF test was independent of the prozone effect. Five dogs with IMHA had IgG and IgM on erythrocytes, 5 had IgG, and 2 had IgM. Three horses had surface-bound IgG, including a horse with suspected penicillin-induced IMHA, a foal with neonatal isoerythrolysis, and a foal with clostridial septicemia. The DIF method was valuable in monitoring the response to therapy in the foal with neonatal isoerythrolysis.     

鸵鸟红细胞免疫功能研究

应用红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环（Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）和免疫复合物花环（ＩＣＲ）试验，证实鸵鸟红细胞表面存在补体Ｃ３ｂ受体（Ｃ３ｂｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ，Ｃ３ｂＲ），表明红细胞免疫系统（Ｒｃｄｃｅｌｉｍｍｕｎｅｓｙｓｔｅｍ，ＲＣＩＳ）的概念亦适用于这种动物；鸵鸟红细胞不但有传统医学观念上的功能，而且还可借助ＣＲ１（ＣｏｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔｒｅｃｃｐｔｏｒｔｙｐｅＩ）进行免疫粘附，并以此为基础，表现出各种重要的免疫功能。     

Erythrocyte Osmotic Fragility and Hematological Responses of Horses Administered Ascorbic Acid and Exposed to Road Transportation

The experiment was performed to evaluate the ameliorative effect of ascorbic acid (AA) on some hematological parameters and erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) in horses transported by road. A total of 14 horses, consisting of seven experimental and seven control horses, were used for the experiment. Before the transportation, blood samples were obtained by jugular venipuncture from all the horses. Experimental horses were administered with AA (200 mg/kg dissolved in 20 mL of distilled water per os), whereas the control horses were given 20 mL of distilled water per os. Thereafter, the animals were transported for 6 hours and blood samples collected after transportation. Packed cell volume and hemoglobin concentration were higher (P < .05) in experimental than the control group, whereas total leukocytes reduced significantly (P < .05) in experimental in comparison with the control horses. Lymphocyte, neutrophil counts, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, and total protein decreased in experimental horses in comparison with control, but they were not significant (P > .05). Erythrocyte osmotic fragility was lower in experimental than the control at 0.3% NaCl concentration (P < .05). The result of the present study revealed that AA ameliorated changes in hematological parameters and EOF induced by road transport stress, partly because of its antioxidant properties.     

不同钼水平对山羊红细胞膜自由基代谢及其酶活性的影响

本研究旨在观察不同钼水平对山羊红细胞膜自由基代谢及其酶活性的影响。选用27头健康山羊随机分成3组，选用七钼酸铵（[（NH4）6Mo7O24·4H2O]）作为本试验口服钼源，采用（NH4）6Mo7O24·4H2O水溶液对实验山羊每d1次的方式进行灌服。对照组灌服相应剂量蒸馏水，高钼组山羊按每公斤体质量15mg和45mg（以钼计）灌服（NH4）6Mo7O24·4H2O水溶液（15mg Mo·kg^-1·BW组（Ⅱ组）和45mgMo·kg^-1·BW组（Ⅲ组））。试验为期50d，并于第0、10、20、30、40、50天采血，测定红细胞膜中自由基含量和酶活性变化。结果显示，组内比较，Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组GSH—Px、T—AOC、CAT、GST、T—AOC、ATPase和AKP活性在试验前期（0～30d）差异不显著（P〉0．05），试验后期（40～50d）与前期比较下降，差异显著（P〈0．05）；MDA含量、XOD和LDH活性在实验前期（0～30d）差异不显著（P〉0．05），后期（40～50d）与前期（0～30d）比较升高，差异显著（P〈0．05）；组间比较，Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组GSH—Px、T—AOC、CAT、GST、T—AOC、ATPase和AKP活性在实验前期（0～30d）与对照组比较差异不显著（P〉0．05），后期（40～50d）与对照组比较降低，差异显著（P〈0．05）；MDA含量、XOD和LDH活性前期（0-30d）与对照组比较差异不显著（P〉0．05），后期（40～50d）升高，差异显著（P〈0．05）。由此可见，摄入过量的钼会导致山羊红细胞膜抗氧化功能降低、自由基含量升高和能量代谢障碍。     

The effects of delays between restraint and sampling on some blood parameters in sheep

Twenty three non pregnant, non lactating aged Merino and Border Leicester ewes were subject to four jugular venipunctures one hour apart (times 0, 1, 2 and 3). Four different delay intervals of 12.5, 64.0, 128.0 and 252.9 seconds between catching and sampling (delays 1, 2, 3 and 4) were used on each sheep in a random manner. Estimates were made of packed cell volumes (PCVs), plasma and erythrocyte sodium and potassium concentrations. The mean PCV at time 0 of 35.4 per cent was significantly higher than the levels of 33.1, 31.8 and 32.2 per cent at times 1, 2 and 3 respectively. There was no significant difference between the means at times 1, 2 and 3. The mean plasma potassium concentrations at time 0 of 4.37 mmol/l was significantly higher than the levels of 4.16 and 4.14 mmol/l at times 1 and 3 respectively. Delays had no significant effects on the means of any of the parameters studied. The findings strongly suggest that sheep become excited by initial handling but not by subsequent venipunctures and that a delay between catching and sampling of between 12.5 and 252.9 second has no effect on the blood constituents studied.     

内毒素诱导的山羊红细胞膜和肝线粒体膜Ca2+-ATP酶活性的改变及654-2的保护作用

 通过静脉注射的方法研究了大肠杆菌内毒素(ET)对山羊红细胞膜和肝粒体膜损伤的膜Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性的变化及654-2(山莨菪碱)的保护效应。结果表明,ET处理组(ⅱ组)在1h,3h红细胞膜Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性高于对照组(iv组)(p<0.05),5h有下降趋势且持续到9h.12h开始回升并低于iv组(p<0.01,p<0.05).654-2处理组(ⅲ组),Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性除在9h、12h与iv组,在3h与ⅱ组差异不显着(p>0.05)外,均高于iv组和ⅱ组(p<0.01,p<0.05).在肝线粒体中,ⅱ组Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性在5h、12h均低于iv组和ⅱ组(p<0.05,p<0.01),ⅲ组Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性均高于iv组,但12h与iv组差异不显着(p>0.05).结果提示,ET具有诱导膜Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性先激活后顿抑的效应,而654-2有明显保护膜Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性的作用。     

互助八眉猪仔猪红细胞系统特性的研究

采用常规法对41头互助八眉猪仔猪7项红细胞指标进行了测定。结果：RBC,（7．05±1.44）×10^12／L;Hb,126．29±20．82g/L;PCV,0．42±0．060L／L;MCV,62．23±13．57fL;MCH,18．22±5．66pg;MCHC,298．38±39．21g／L;氧结合量,0．170±0．028L／g。且公、母猪之间的各项指标都没有显著性差异（P〉0．05）;八眉猪红细胞系统具有较强的携氧能力,适应高原低氧环境生存。