三种圈养雉类的行为比较研究

2008年7月23日～8月5日和8月7～13日,采用目标动物取样法分别研究了4只蓝鹇(2♂2♀)、3只白鹇(1♂2♀)和5只白腹锦鸡(2♂3♀)的各种行为的发生频率进行了研究。结果发现3种雉类的各种行为类型都相似,但不同雉类间各种行为发生频次有差异。白腹锦鸡、蓝鹇和白鹇的休息行为分别在8:00、9:00和10:00达到日高峰,分别为12.05次/h、28.39次/h和14次/h。蓝鹇、白鹇、白腹锦鸡运动相关行为分别在7:00、8:00、9:00出现峰值,为19.29次/h、21.76次/h、24.90次/h;10:00蓝鹇、白鹇、白腹锦鸡的运动相关行为发生频次都出现了白昼的第一个谷值,分别为6.71次/h、9.29次/h、15.19次/h。蓝鹇、白鹇、白腹锦鸡的梳理行为9:00出现谷值分别为7.64次/h、8.05次/h、11.67次/h,10:00出现峰值分别为17.25次/h、21.19次/h、21.0次/h。3种雉鸡的采食行为的日节律相似。     

圈养红腹锦鸡人工孵化技术研究

2005—2008年在陕西省动物研究所试验基地对圈养红腹锦鸡进行人工孵化试验。采用中型孵化机孵化,共孵化412枚受精卵,孵化率为74．76％（67．62％～90．74％）,孵化期为22．90～23．03d。结果表明：采用中型孵化机对红腹锦鸡的规模化孵化是可行的。     

白腹锦鸡人工养殖与育雏技术

通过对白腹锦鸡长期的驯化饲养和研究,系统的介绍了其人工养殖与孵化、育雏配套技术。     

两种重大危险性森林害虫在吉林省的确认

2001年和2004年在吉林省长白县和汪清县采获2种重大危险性害虫———欧洲落叶松大痣小蜂(Megastigmus pictus)和泰加大树蜂(Urocerus gigas taiganus),从而肯定这2种害虫在吉林省有分布。     

红腹锦鸡卵蛋白质和卵壳矿质元素含量测定

以红腹锦鸡为研究对象,以七彩山鸡和家鸡为参照,采用凯氏定氮法和高效液相色谱法分别测定了3种鸟类卵清中蛋白质含量及17种氨基酸含量,以原子吸收光谱法测定了其卵壳中7种矿质元素的含量。结果表明,红腹锦鸡卵清中蛋白质含量和17种氨基酸总含量分别为153 m g.-g 1和123.05 m g.g-1,均高于七彩山鸡和家鸡;红腹锦鸡中,K、Ca、M g3种常量矿质元素的含量也高于其余2种鸟类,卵壳含有丰富的矿质元素。     

红腹锦鸡肝脏结构的透射电镜观察

利用透射电镜技术观察了红腹锦鸡(Chroysolophus pictus)肝脏的超微结构.结果表明:红腹锦鸡肝细胞呈多面体形或不规则形,异染色质较少,胞质内粗面型内质网发达,线粒体数量较多,核糖体丰富,可见内含颗粒样物质的次级溶酶体,糖原分散或聚集成小颗粒状,高尔基体位于胞核与胆小管附近.胆小管由相邻的肝细胞围成,相邻...     

红腹锦鸡大肠杆菌病的细菌学诊断

无菌采集病死红腹锦鸡肝脏、脾脏和心血,接种多种培养基分离细菌。以生化试验和小鼠攻毒试验,鉴定分离细菌及其致病性。采用PCR方法扩增分离细菌16S rRNA,测定核苷酸序列,与GenBank中大肠杆菌相应基因序列进行分析比较,绘制系统进化树。结果表明,分离细菌为大肠杆菌,可以致小鼠死亡。其16S rRNA基因序列与GenBank登录的大肠杆菌相应基因同源性超过99%。由此证明,该红腹锦鸡死于大肠杆菌病。     

胡椒鲷人工繁殖及育苗技术

本文报道福建省水产研究所2001年胡椒鲷人工繁育、育苗过程和结果。亲鱼经增温强化培育后，注射DOM、LRH－A2或LRH－A3、HCG等催产药物，水温20.1-26.8℃、盐度20.8-26.0条件下，效应时间为36－40h。受精卵在水温20.0-26.0℃、盐度20.0-25.0条件下，经15－25h孵出。50万尾仔鱼经42d土池生态培育后，共培育出平均全长5.4cm、平均体重3.8g变态完整的鱼苗26250尾，育苗成活率为5.25％。     

几种名贵观赏植物的快速繁殖

通过研究不同生长素和细胞分裂素组合配比对火鹤、红宝石喜林芋、花叶绿萝增殖、分化和生根的影响，确定了这３种植物的最佳继代、壮苗和生根培养基，并针对火鹤选择出了优良的快繁无性系作为快繁材料。试管苗移栽驯化试验结果表明，只有在基质温度达１５℃时试管苗才能正常生长，移栽结果还确定了这３种植物适宜的移栽基质。瓶外生根结果说明以上３种植物皆可在瓶外生根。     

Spatial distribution of sporocarps and the biomass of ectomycorrhizas of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Suillus pictus</Emphasis> in a Korean pine (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus koraiensis</Emphasis>) stand

 Spatial distribution of sporocarps of Suillus pictus A.H. Smith and Thiers was studied in a plot of 6 × 12 m in size established in a stand of Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. in Kyoto, Japan for 4 years, and the biomass of mycorrhizas was examined in the last year. S. pictus was dominant in both sporocarp and ectomycorrhizal community in the study plot. The number of S. pictus sporocarps ranged from 0.94 to 1.26 m⁻² (surface area) in the study plot and did not vary very much during the study period. Sporocarps of S. pictus occurred in clumps and the distributions of clumps were generally random. As the spots of sporocarp occurrence changed gradually from year to year, the distributions of sporocarps that occurred successively in 2-year periods overlapped, especially when analyzed in 9-m² unit size using the m ^* –m method. Mycorrhizas of S. pictus were distributed in more subplots than its sporocarps. Distribution of mycorrhizas and sporocarps of S. pictus generally overlapped well. The biomass of mycorrhizas and mycelia in the mycorrhizas of S. pictus was estimated at 15.5 g DW m⁻² and 6.2 g DW m⁻² (surface area) in this plot, respectively. The biomass of mycorrhizas and mycelia in the mycorrhizas supporting the production of one sporocarp (average dry weight was 0.86 g) of S. pictus was evaluated as about 16.4 and 7.3 g DW, respectively, in this plot. Received: December 20, 2001 / Accepted: August 12, 2002 Acknowledgments We thank Dr. T. Furuno, Mr. N. Kato, and Dr. I. Nakai for their help in preparing the study plot and collecting sporocarps, and Prof. K. Yokoyama for the identification of sporocarps. Thanks are also due to Dr. E. Kuno for his suggestion about analysis. Correspondence to:J. Kikuchi