The rates of maize growth and lignin biosynthesis change after root-applied chalcone

The effects of root-applied chalcone at 0.15 mmol L⁻¹ on the growth and lignin biosynthesis in maize were investigated. The contents of 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL, EC 6.2.1.12) substrates in maize shoots were increased more rapidly in the samples with chalcone application than in the control and the increase occurred at ≤ 3 h after the application (HAA). The lignin content was reduced by chalcone at ≤ 6 HAA. The shoot growth was suppressed by chalcone at ≤ 9 HAA. Consequently, the results suggest that chalcone suppressed maize growth by inhibiting monolignol biosynthesis.     

胡椒4-香豆酸：辅酶A连接酶Pn4CL基因的克隆及表达分析

根据胡椒4-香豆酸：辅酶A连接酶（4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase, 4CL）基因的部分序列设计引物,运用RACE方法获得其家族成员的1个全长cDNA,命名为Pn4cl,长度2130 bp,开放阅读框1638 bp,编码545个氨基酸。预测Pn4CL分子量为59.57 kDa,理论等电点为5.70。该基因含有AMP-binding（AMP-binding enzyme）、CaiC[Acyl-CoA synthetase (AMP-forming) /AMP-acid ligaseⅡ]、PLN02246、AFD-class I等结合域,具有植物4CL所共有的保守结构域。系统进化分析表明,Pn4CL与北细辛的同源性最高,同时与木兰分支类植物的4CL聚类在一起,与菊分支的进化距离较近,与蔷薇分支的进化距离较远。亚细胞定位表明,该蛋白定位在细胞膜上。Real-time RT-PCR结果表明,该基因受外援激素SA和MeJA诱导表达,同时接种辣椒疫霉菌后,Pn4CL基因的表达量在抗/感2种胡椒中均出现先增加后减少的现象,并且在抗病种质中表达量较高。研究结果为Pn4CL的功能研究提供了理论依据。     

人工感染vMDV雏鸡活性氧自由基代谢变化规律的研究

实验以鸡马立克氏病强毒（ｖＭＤＶ）人工感染１日龄ＡＡ肉用雏鸡,于感染后７,１４,２８,４２和５６日龄分别检测雏鸡中枢、外周淋巴器官及主要内脏器官超氧化物岐化酶（ＳＯＤ）、含硒谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（Ｓｅ－ＧＳＨＰｘ）活性和脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）含量的变化,并首次采用化学发光（ＣＬ）法检测雏鸡中枢、外周淋巴器官淋巴细胞化学发光的动态变化。结果：（１）ｖＭＤＶ感染雏鸡各器官总ＳＯＤ（Ｔ－ＳＯＤ）和Ｍｎ－ＳＯＤ活性大部分检测时期均显著低于健康对照雏鸡（Ｐ＜０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０１）,而Ｃｕ,Ｚｎ－ＳＯＤ活性轻度升高（Ｐ＞０．０５）;（２）ｖＭＤＶ感染雏鸡各器官Ｓｅ－ＧＳＨＰｘ活性在大部分检测时期均显著低于健康对照雏鸡（Ｐ＜０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０１）;（３）ｖＭＤＶ感染雏鸡各器官ＬＰＯ含量大部分检测时期均显著高于健康对照雏鸡（Ｐ＜０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０１）;（４）ｖＭＤＶ感染雏鸡胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊淋巴细胞ＣＬ值在大部分检测时期显著高于健康对照雏鸡（Ｐ＜０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０１）。本实验结果表明,ｖＭＤＶ感染雏鸡活性氧自由基产生增多,且活性氧自由基清除系统活性下降,导致活性氧自内基在雏鸡体内蓄积,脂质过氧化作用加强。上述指标变化?     

雏鸡HVT疫苗免疫后活性氧自由基代谢变化规律的研究

本实验以火鸡疱疹病毒（ＨＶＴ）疫苗免疫１日龄ＡＡ肉用雏鸡,于免疫后７,１４,２８,４２和５６日龄分别检测雏鸡中枢、外周淋巴器官及主要内脏器官超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）、含硒谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（Ｓｅ－ＧＳＨＰｘ）活性和脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ、Ｏ）含量,并首次采用化学发光（ＣＬ）法检测雏鸡中枢、外周淋巴器官淋巴细胞化学发光的动态变化。结果：（１）ＨＶＴ疫苗免疫雏鸡各器官总ＳＯＤ（Ｔ－ＳＯＤ）和Ｍｎ－ＳＯＤ活性在大部分检测时期均显著增强（Ｐ＜０．０５）,Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ－ＳＯＤ活性轻度升高,但无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）;（２）ＨＶＴ疫苗免疫雏鸡各器官Ｓｅ－ＧＳＨＰｘ活性２８、４２和５６日龄显著增强（Ｐ＜０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０１）;（３）ＨＶＴ疫苗免疫雏鸡多数器官ＬＯＰ含量于７、２８和５６日龄降低和显著降低（Ｐ＞０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０５）;（４）ＨＶＴ疫苗免疫雏鸡胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊各免疫器官淋巴细胞ＣＬ值检测各时期增高和显著增高（Ｐ＞０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０１）。本实验结果表明,ＨＶＴ疫苗免疫雏鸡活性氧自由基清除系统活性增强、淋巴细胞活性氧自由基生成增多,但脂质过氧化作用减弱,从而发挥ＨＶＴ疫苗的免疫增强效应和免疫保?     

激素对波尔山羊超排效果影响的研究

以波尔山羊为研究对象,研究激素对供体超排效果的影响。结果表明,FSH剂量对供体超排效果有显著影响,随FSH剂量的增加,育成羊的黄体数极显著增多,经产羊的可用胚数显著增加;国产和进口激素对超排效果影响不显著(P>0.05),国产激素完全可以代替进口激素用于波尔山羊的超排;供体发情配种时用LHRH-A3促排的效果比LH、hCG好。     

GRP1.8-反义pt4CL1基因对巨尾桉 木质素含量的影响

桉树是桃金娘科桉树属(Eucalyptus）植物的统称,是制浆造纸的主要原料之一,但是桉树中含有大量木 质素,木质素的存在会严重影响纸浆的质量。4-香豆酸颐辅酶A 连接酶(4CL）是木质素单体生物合成的关键酶之一, 抑制4CL 基因的表达,可以有效降低植物中木质素的含量。通过根癌农杆菌介导的叶盘转化法,将形成层定位启动 子GRP1.8 融合的杨树反义4-香豆酸:辅酶A 连接酶基因导入巨尾桉,经卡那霉素筛选和PCR 鉴定,获得9 株转基 因阳性植株。通过4CL 酶活性测定和木质素、纤维素含量的分析,发现转基因组培苗的4CL 酶活性比对照植株下降 了44%,温室转基因幼苗中硫酸木质素含量下降了16%。     

中原地区丹红杨插干造林技术研究

丹红杨是中国林业科学研究院2003年培育成功的新一代超速生抗虫杨,雌株。耐桑天牛、易生根、速生（年胸径生长量达5.8 cm,年平均高生长量4.9 m）。为了提高丹红杨的造林成活率,进行了杨树插干深栽造林试验。试验结果表明,丹红杨采用插干深栽造林方法与传统的带根植苗造林相比,具有成本低、成活率高、生长量大等特点,是一种比...     

Analysis of the Lignin Contents and Related Enzymes Activities in Seed Coat Between Black-Seeded and Yellow-Seeded Rapes (Brassica napus L.)

One pair of near isonegic yellow/black seeded rape (Brassica napus L) were used as experimental materials to study the changes of lignin contents and enzymes activities of 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL), Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) and ferulate 5-hydroxylase (F5H) in seedcoats during the stage of seed development. The variation analysis showed that the changes of lignin contents and enzyme activities of 4CL, CAD and F5H in seed coat had significant differences between black- and yellow-seeded rapes, and also between different development stages. The correlation analysis demonstrated that the lignin contents were positively correlative to the activities of all three enzymes investigated in the study, and the interactions between them in the seed coat of the two lines. For yellow-seeded rape, the correlation coefficient (0.7262018) of lignin content and the interaction between 4CL and F5H was significant, the lignin contents were highly positively correlative to the activities of CAD and F5H, the interaction between 4CL and CAD, and the interaction between CAD and F5H. For the black-seeded rape, only the lignin content was highly positively correlative to the activity of F5H (the correlation coefficient was 0.772949), the other correlation coefficients, i. e. lignin contents to 4CL, CAD activities, the interactions between the three enzymes were not significant although all the correlation coefficients were above 0.5000. The results suggested that 4CL, CAD and F5H regulated the biosynthesis of lignin in seedcoat of rapes,leading to the lignin contents in the seedcoats of the yellow-seeded rape much lower than that of the black-seeded line,and affecting the thickness of the developing seedcoats in rapes. Therefore, it was likely to change the seedcoat ratio by overexpressing or suppressing the activities of one of the enzymes, both of them or all of them.     

Swine fever. Immunisation of piglets

Vaccination against Swine Fever using the CL Chinese strain can be done in 7-day-old piglets if they are born of non-immune sows. The simultaneous weaning and vaccination emphasises the safety of this strain. The excellent immunity observed confirms the immunocompetence of 7-day-old piglets. In piglets born of immune sows and also weaned at 7 days, passive protection can extend beyond the age of 2 months if the sow is vaccinated several months prior to gestation. The immune level of the piglets would seem to depend on the interval between vaccination of the sow and farrowing and can be attributed to the quality of the antibodies transmitted by the colostrum. Piglets born of sows vaccinated 10 months prior to farrowing can be vaccinated as early as 5 weeks; the protection percentage observed at the age of about 6 months is over 80%. A booster injection at this age then confers immunity to future breeders throughout their economic life, i.e. 4 years in the reported experiment.