对城市公园植物景观缓解焦虑情绪的初步研究

文章探讨植物景观对缓解焦虑情绪的作用。实验组织受测者观看厦门城市公园植物景观幻灯片,比较他们在观看前后状态焦虑量表上得分的差异。结果显示,植物景观可以减轻受测者的焦虑程度,且不会因受测者职业、专业等不同而有差异：植物景观比人工硬质景观对减轻焦虑情绪效果更明显;在同样的密度下,要素丰富比要素单一的植物景观环境更能显著减轻焦虑情绪等等。实验表明。充满绿意的城市环境对缓解城市人的心理压力具有相当良好的效果。     

安神除烦汤治疗失眠临床观察

目的观察自拟安神除烦汤治疗中老年人失眠症的临床疗效。方法 60例患者按就诊先后顺序随机分为治疗组与对照组各30例。治疗组服用安神除烦汤,对照组服用舒乐安定,疗程均为60 d。结果两组治疗失眠症疗效相当,治疗组总有效率为93.3%,对照组为90.0%;两组焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分均较治疗前明显下降(P<0.01),治疗组下降幅度明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。不良反应发生率治疗组明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论安神除烦汤治疗中老年人失眠症疗效确切,能明显改善患者的焦虑抑郁状态,具有良好的药物安全性。     

老年门诊患者焦虑状况调查分析

目的调查门诊老年患者的焦虑状况并对其影响因素进行分析，方法利用焦虑自评量表（SAS），对门诊548例老年患者进行问卷调查，比较不同性别、年龄、文化程度等对患者焦虑水平的影响．结果焦虑程度上女性患者高于男性（P〈0．05）；年龄愈高、文化程度愈高、对疾病了解程度愈少、对医护工作不满意程度愈高则焦虑分值愈高（P〈0.05）．结论性别、年龄、文化程度、对医护的满意程度及对疾病了解程度均影响患者就诊时的焦虑水平．     

Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor rolipram prevents depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in rats exposed to chronic restraint stress

AIM: To discuss the impact of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor rolipram on chronic restraint stress-induced depression- and anxiety-like behaviors in rats. METHODS: (1)Forty SD rats were randomly divided into 4 weight-matched groups: unstressed animals injected with vehicle of lithium chloride (LiCl) and rolipram, restraint-stressed animals injected daily with vehicle prior to stress, restraint stress plus 100 mg/kg LiCl group and restraint stress plus 1 mg/kg rolipram group. The open field test was conducted 24 h before the first stress and drug administration,and then the rats received drugs daily 1 h prior to restraint stress (6 h/d) for 25 d. Daily body weight recording, forced swimming test, elevated plus-maze and open field test were conducted to determine the changes of depression- and anxiety-like behaviors. The expression of phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (p-CREB), brain-derived Reurotrophic factor (BDNF), p-Ser21-glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3α, p-Ser9-GSK3β, p-Tyr279-GSK3α, p-Tyr216-GSK3β, total GSK3α and total GSK3β was measured by Western blotting. (2)Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups and the cannula was surgically placed above the CA1 region in the hippocampus. Seven days after the surgery, the restraint stress was conducted for 21 d after microinjection of protein kinase A (PKA) antagonist H89 and intraperitoneal injection of LiCl and rolipram everyday. The expression of PDE4D, PKA, p-CREB and p-Ser9-GSK3β was measured by Western blotting. RESULTS: (1)No difference of the locomotor activity among all groups before stress was observed. After repeated stress, the body weight,and the crossing, rearing and grooming in open field test were lower than those in control group, and LiCl and rolipram reversed these effects significantly. In addition, in comparison with control group, the immobility in forced swimming test was increased, the climbing in forced swimmming test and the open-arm exploration in elevated plus-maze were decreased and the expression of p-CREB, BDNF, p-Ser21-GSK3α and p-Ser9-GSK3β was down-regulated. Stress induced depression- and anxiety-like behaviors, and rolipram reversed these changes. The LiCl showed similar effects as rolipram except for the expression of p-CREB and BDNF. No significant difference of the expression of p-Tyr279-GSK3α, p-Tyr216-GSK3β, total GSK3α and total GSK3β among all groups was found. (2)The expression of PDE4D was increased, the expression of PKA, p-CREB and p-Ser9-GSK3β was decreased in the hippocampus induce by restraint stress. However, the effect of rolipram on the expression of PKA, p-CREB and p-Ser9-GSK3β was blocked by PKA inhibitor H89. CONCLUSION: Rolipram significantly reduces the depression- and anxiety-like behaviors, possibly through CREB/BDNF signaling and inhibitory serine-phosphorylation of GSK3-mediated signaling. Importantly, the CREB/BDNF signaling also plays a key role in the down-regulation of serine-phosphorylation of GSK3.