饥饿、季节及性别对大鲵肌肉、肝脏生化成分的影响

季节会影响到大鲵肌肉的脂肪及钙的含量,肝脏的脂肪、钙及游离氨基酸的含量,饥饿对肌肉的酸化成分不产生影响,但饥饿程度的增加,会对肝脏脂肪无氮浸出物及游离氨基酸产生影响;繁殖前雌性大鲵的肌肉肝脏的肪肪含量均高于雄性的。     

脑活素治疗新生大鼠缺血缺氧性脑病机理的研究

7日龄Wister大鼠结扎左侧颈总动脉后吸入氧氮混合气体（8％O2和92％N2）2h,制成缺血缺氧性脑病动物模型,测定大鼠脑组织中丙二醛（MDA）的含量和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性。结果显示,缺血缺氧后6h,缺血缺氧组MDA含量显著升高,24h达到高峰,以后逐渐下降,96h与对照组比较无统计学差异;缺血缺氧脑活素治疗组MDA含量于缺血缺氧后6h已经显著下降,72h与对照组比较无统计学差异。缺血缺氧组SOD活力值在缺血缺氧后6h已经下降,24h降到最低点,以后逐渐回升,96h与对照组比较无统计学差异;缺血缺氧脑活素治疗组SOD活力值在缺血缺氧后6h明显提高,于缺血缺氧后96h与对照组比较无统计学差异。结果提示,缺血缺氧引起新生大鼠脑组织的氧化-抗氧化系统失衡,氧自由基大量产生,参与了新生大鼠缺血缺氧性脑病脑损伤过程;脑活素能够抑制氧自由基的生成,提高SOD的活力值,对缺血缺氧性脑病具有神经保护作用。     

碘醚柳胺对大鼠胚胎毒性和致畸性

以23．0,51.8,116.4mg/kg碘醚柳胺在Wistar大鼠妊娠后7－15d口服，各剂量组吸收胎和死胎率增加，活胎率减少，但对胎鼠外观，骨骼和内脏无致畸性，高剂量组对胎鼠生长发育和孕体重增长有明显的负影响，表明碘西边柳胺对大鼠有胚胎毒性，无致畸作用，提出，在临床上怀孕动物应慎用。     

Annual sex hormonal profiles, gonad development and age determination of the Mekong giant catfish (Pangasianodon gigas, Chevey)

Annual sex hormonal profiles, gonad development and age determination of 18 (13–14 kg body weight) and three (145–226 kg body weight) Mekong giant catfish (MGC) (Pangasianodon gigas, Chevey) reared in earthen ponds in Chiang Mai and from the Mekong River in Chiang Rai, Thailand, respectively, were investigated. The hormonal profiles were determined from blood samples of the fish by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay during May to August in 2000. The highest testosterone levels of 0.06 ng mL^?1 in both sexes and the highest oestradiol of 47.8 and 14.23 pg mL^?1 in females and males, respectively, were observed in May. The gonadosomatic index was found to be 0.07 for males and 0.38 for females from ponds in comparison with 2.27 for males and 8.29 for females from the Mekong River. Higher development stages of spermatocytes and oocytes of the cultured fish in May than in February and November were demonstrated. No mature germ cells were obtained from either the males or females, indicating no sexual maturity. The average age of fish was determined from the annual rings of the cross‐section of the pectoral fins by a stereomicroscope. The average age of fish in earthen pond determined from the annual ring was 8 years, which agreed with the actual culture records, while those from the Mekong River were 21 years. This information will be beneficial for the breeding programmes and conservation of the MGC.     

Effects of three methods of restraint an in rhesus and african green monkeys intravenous glucose tolerance testing

The intravenous administration of 0.75 gm glucose per kg and the measurement of serum glucose pretest and at 10, 20, 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes constitute a satisfactory protocol for intravenous glucose tolerance testing of Rhesus (Macaca mulatto) and African Green (Cercopithecus aethiops) monkeys. No significant differences were noted between animals restrained with ketamine hydrochloride and those restrained with sodium pentobarbital, but the African Green males and females and the male Rhesus monkeys yielded significantly different results while being manually restrained.     

Serum 5'nucleotidase activity in rats: a method for automated analysis and criteria for interpretation

A manual kit for determining serum 5'nucleotidase (5'NT, EC 3.1.3.5) activity was adapted for use with rat samples on a large discrete clinical chemistry analyzer. The precision of the method was good (within-run C.V. = 2.14%; between-run C.V. = 5.5%). A comparison of the new automated method with a manual and semi-automated method gave regression statistics of y = 1.18X -3.66 (Sy. x = 4.54), and y = 0.733X + 1.97 (Sy. x = 1.69), respectively. Temperature conversion factors provided by the kit manufacturer for human samples were determined to be inaccurate for converting results from rat samples. Analysis of components contributing to normal variation in rat serum 5'NT activity showed age and sex to be major factors. Increased serum 5'NT activity was observed in female rats when compared to male rats beginning at about 5 to 6 weeks of age. An analysis of variance of serum 5'NT, alkaline phosphatase, and GGT activities observed over a 9-week period in normal rats suggests several advantages for 5'NT as a predictor of biliary lesions in rats.     

万寿菊的研究进展

本文概述了万寿菊的主要品种、形态特征、生物学特性、香气组成成分、功能用途、栽培管理方式及育种等内容，并对万寿菊的发展前景作了展望．     

羊、鸡抗鼠脂肪细胞膜抗血清对大鼠体脂与生长性能的影响

应用提取的鼠脂肪细胞膜分别免疫羊和鸡 ,所产生的抗血清用于 Wistar大鼠被动免疫。实验 1: 组腹腔注射羊正常血清 , 组腹腔注射羊抗鼠脂肪细胞膜抗血清 ,剂量均为 1m L /只 ,连续注射 4 d。结果表明 ,羊抗鼠脂肪细胞膜抗血清免疫促进了大鼠体增重 ,降低了体脂沉积 ,与对照组相比 ,7周末体重增加 6 .35 % (P<0 .0 5 ) ,饲料摄入增加6 .85 % (P<0 .0 1) ,料重比 (F/G)提高 4 5 .0 0 % (P<0 .0 5 ) ;肾周、附睾、网膜脂肪垫重量分别降低 2 3.92 % (P<0 .0 5 )、34.4 5 % (P<0 .0 5 )、0 .98% ,脂肪总量降低 2 0 .92 %。实验 2 :1组腹腔注射鸡正常血清 ,2组腹腔注射鸡抗鼠脂肪细胞膜抗血清 ,剂量均为 1m L/只 ,连续注射 4 d。结果表明 ,鸡抗鼠脂肪细胞膜抗血清免疫对大鼠的生长发育产生了不利影响 ,7周末 ,免疫大鼠平均体重较对照组减少 4 0 g(P<0 .0 5 ) ,饲料摄入显著降低 (P<0 .0 1) ;对体脂的沉积和血液中 TG和 FFA的影响没有规律 ,且无统计学意义     

大鼠心肌条件培养基对ICR小鼠胚胎干细胞分离克隆的影响

采用大鼠心肌条件培养基(RH CM)培养ICR小鼠的桑椹胚和囊胚,发现由囊胚分离的ES细胞传代后ES集落的出现率显著高于桑椹胚(P<0.05),囊胚更适合作为ES细胞分离克隆的材料。以RH CM为培养基的试验组ES细胞传代的平均时间间隔为38 h,对照组传代的时间间隔平均为78 h,两者差异显著(P<0.05)。表明RH CM能够促进ES细胞贴壁增殖和ES集落的形成,有效地维持ES细胞未分化状态。试验中设计的3 种培养条件对原代ES集落的形成影响不显著,但对传代后的ES集落的形成和传代的代次有显著差异。其中以MEF作饲养层,添加RH CM培养基的效果最好。     

内毒素对大鼠小肠黏膜组织的影响及多价阳离子A的保护效应

旨在揭示大肠埃希菌内毒素(ET)对大鼠小肠黏膜的结构、绒毛长度、上皮内淋巴细胞(IEL)的数量和分布的影响,并探讨多价阳离子A(CA)对上述指标的保护效应。选用72只140g~150g SPF级SD大鼠随机分为3组,即对照组、ET组和CA保护组,经相应处理后分别在3、4、8、12h采集十二指肠、空肠组织作为检测样本,制备病理组织切片,HE染色并利用图像分析系统进行分析。ET组十二指肠和空肠绒毛长度在3、4、8、12h均显著低于对照组和CA保护组(P0.01),ET组十二指肠、空肠IEL数量在3、4、8、12h均显著低于对照组(P0.01);CA保护组十二指肠和空肠IEL数量在4、8、12h均显著高于ET组(P0.01)。结果显示,ET在不同程度上能够破坏小肠黏膜的正常组织结构,降低小肠绒毛长度,减少IEL的数量,从而影响小肠正常的吸收和免疫功能,而CA则能明显降低ET所导致的毒性作用,发挥其保护效应。