多层螺旋CT与核磁共振血管成像、数字减影对主动脉夹层诊断的比较研究

目的：比较多层螺旋CT(multi-slice spiral CT，MSCT)与核磁共振血管成像(MRA)、数字减影(DSA)对主动脉夹层(aortic dissection，AD)的诊断价值。方法：对17例AD患者行MSCT检查，并与MRA、DSA的检查结果进行比较。结果：对17例AD患者用MSCT、MRA、DSA都能作出诊断(按DeBakey分型，Ⅰ型有4例，Ⅱ型有1例，Ⅲ型有12例)，但只有MSCT能明确显示夹层的范围和分支的受累情况，以及剥离内膜瓣、裂口及主动脉的周围情况。而MRA对裂口的检出率只有21．74％，DSA可达87．0％。结论：MSCT对AD的分型以及破裂口的定位诊断更具准确性，对动脉分支显示更清晰。     

黄羽肉鸡ACSL1基因多态性与腹脂性状的相关性研究

长链酯酰辅酶A合成酶(ACSLs)是长链脂肪酸通过硫代酯化进而合成酰基辅酶A衍生物所必需的酶,也是脂肪酸代谢的第一步。哺乳动物ACSL家族由ACSL1、ACSL3、ACSL4、ACSL5和ACSL65个不同的成员组成,ACSL1是主要的异构体之一。为探讨黄羽肉鸡ACSL1基因作为腹脂性状分子标记的可行性,本实验采用PCR-直接测序技术对黄羽肉鸡ACSL1基因进行遗传多态性分析。结果显示:黄羽肉鸡ACSL1基因第17到第18外显子区域(1295 bp)SNPs位点较丰富,T32126C、C32013T、A31958G这3个位点的等位基因频率符合哈代-温伯格平衡,且A31958G突变位点、T32126C突变位点与腹脂重、腹脂率不相关,C32013T突变位点对鸡的腹脂重与腹脂率有显著影响,提示能够利用C32013T突变位点对黄羽肉鸡腹脂重进行分子标记辅助选择。     

Analysis on Differential Expression Genes in Porcine Aortic Vascular Endothelial Cells Induced by Apolipoprotein C Ⅲ

The aim of this study was to investigate the differential expression genes induced by ApoCⅢ,and study the function of ApoCⅢ.Porcine aortic vascular endothelial cells were successfully isolated using enzyme digestion,and then screened the differential expression genes induced by ApoCⅢ using the Solexa high-throughput sequencing technology.The results showed 647 differential expression genes,including 390 up-regulated genes and 257 down-regulated genes.The qRT-PCR results verified that the gene expression results from Solexa sequencing data were reliable.GO and Pathway analysis showed that the function of differential expression genes were related to immune response,cell apoptosis and death.These findings suggested that ApoCⅢ affected the physiological function of porcine aortic endothelial cells by the molecular pathways of inflammation,cell adhesion and apoptosis,which provided a theoretical basis for further understanding the molecular mechanisms of atherosclerosis caused by ApoCⅢ.     

Plethysmographic comparison of breathing pattern in heaves (recurrent airway obstruction) versus experimental bronchoconstriction or hyperpnea in horses

BACKGROUND: Horses with recurrent airway obstruction (heaves) are described as exhibiting "increased abdominal effort," but it is unknown whether this translates to an effective contribution to ventilation. HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesized that heaves is characterized by asynchrony between rib cage and abdominal motions, and that the abdominal component is the major contributor to ventilation. ANIMALS: The rib cage versus abdominal motion in naturally occurring heaves (n = 15) was compared to controls at rest (n = 7) and during hyperpnea because of lobeline treatment, and the effects of histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in controls (n = 10). METHODS: Flow patterns, phase angle (theta) between the rib and abdominal compartments, abdominal (Vabd) contribution to tidal volume (VT), and lung mechanics were measured. RESULTS: Findings unique to the heaves group included the loss of biphasic expiratory flow, severely increased theta with the abdomen consistently lagging behind the rib cage, and a reduced contribution of the abdomen to ventilation. A subgroup of heaves (n = 5) with abdominal paradox showed a significant (P < .05) reduction in tidal volume, and increased respiratory rate. Bronchodilation reduced theta in heaves (P = .06), but theta remained significantly higher after bronchodilation than found in controls. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: We conclude that breathing pattern in horses with heaves is characterized by severe rib cage/abdominal asynchrony, with the rib cage motion in synchrony with flow, therefore dominating ventilation. In a subset of heaves, the abdominal compartment (diaphragm, abdominal muscles) was completely out of synchrony with flow ("abdominal paradox") despite the clinical appearance of "increased abdominal effort."     

七彩山鸡腹脂与皮下脂肪、肌脂率、肝脂率的关系

在相同的条件下,饲养80羽公七彩山鸡和120羽母七彩山鸡,并于10周龄屠宰测定其腹脂、腹脂率和颈部、胸部、腿部皮下脂肪重;用乙醚抽提法测定了腿肌、胸肌、肝脏的含脂率。结果表明：腹脂重、腹胀率与腿部、胸部、颈部皮下脂肪呈显著的正相关（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）;而腹脂重、腹胀率、皮下脂肪重与腿肌、胸肌含脂率的相关性不显著（P＞0.05）;而与肝脏含脂率表现为显著的正相关（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）。     

红辣椒粉和植物油对肉用仔鸡生产性能及脂肪沉积的影响

本试验用３６ｏ只２１日龄的艾维因商品代肉用仔鸡，按３×３全因子试验设计，测定了辣椒粉（０，０．３％，０．５％）和植物油（０，３％豆油，３％玉米油）对肉用仔鸡生产性能及脂肪沉积的影响．试验结果表明，饲料中添加８％的植物油（豆油或玉米油）可提高仔鸡增重９．０２％～９．３４％（Ｐ＜０．０５），单位增重耗料量降低５．３６％～７．２０％（Ｐ＜０．０５），同时使屠宰率和腹脂率明显增加．添加０．３％和０．５％的辣椒粉可使鸡的增重分别提高３．６０％和４．０３％（Ｐ＜０．０５），添加辣椒粉对提高饲料转化率也有作用，但效果不显著（Ｐ＞０．０５）．在添加植物油的情况下，辣椒粉具有抑制腹脂沉积的作用，对母鸡效果尢为明显（Ｐ＜０．０５）。     

日粮能量和蛋白水平对肉鸡腹脂和血脂的影响

对７０８只（公、母各半）５～９周龄黄羽肉鸡进行３个代谢能水平（１３．４,１２．５,１１．６ＭＪ／ｋｇ）和３个粗蛋白水平（２２．４％,１９．４％,１６．４％）交叉的饲养试验,以探讨日粮代谢能和粗蛋白水平时黄羽肉鸡腹脂和血脂水平的影响。日粮代谢能和粗蛋白水平对腹脂有明显影响,腹脂随日粮代谢能水平的升高而升高（Ｐ＜０,０１）。随粗蛋白水平的升高而降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）。日粮能量和蛋白水平对板油的影响与腹脂相似。日粮代谢能水平对肌胃脂无明显影响;日粮粗蛋白水平对肌胃脂重无明显影响,但对肌胃脂率有一定影响（Ｐ＝０．０７）。日粮粗蛋白和代谢能水平对血浆极低密度脂蛋白（ＶＬＤＬ）、甘油三酯、胆固醇及总脂浓度均有显著影响（Ｐ＜８．０５）,８周龄血浆ＶＬＤＬ浓度随日粮代谢能的升高而降低（Ｐ＜０．０００１）;血浆总脂和胆固醇浓度均随日粮代谢能、粗蛋白水平的升高而降低（Ｐ≤０．００１）。肉鸡８周龄血浆ＶＬＤＬ水平明显存在日粮能量和蛋白的互作效应（Ｐ＜０．０１）,而血浆甘油三酯、胆固醇和总脂水平不存在明显的能量和蛋白的互作（Ｐ＞０．０５）。     

ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC AND DOPPLER DIAGNOSIS: FIRST CASE OF ATRIAL SEPTAL ANEURYSM IN A CAT

A 6-year-old female cat developed pleural and abdominal effusion. Cardiac ultrasound and 2D color tissue Doppler imaging revealed restrictive cardiomyopathy with severe biatrial dilatation and hypertension. This cardiomyopathy was associated with atrial septal aneurysm and a patent foramen ovale. The atrial septal aneurysm involved the entire atrial septum. Necropsy and histological examination confirmed all these findings. ASA is a rare malformation and, as in this cat, it generally occurs concomitantly with congenital or acquired heart disease and may be explained by greater pressure in one atrium, leading to controlateral protrusion of the atrial septum.     

IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—AORTIC THROMBOEMBOLISM ASSOCIATED WITH SPIROCERCOSIS IN A DOG

An 8-year-old neutered female Rhodesian Ridgeback developed acute, nonneurological right pelvic limb lameness. Femoral pulsation was poor, and oscillometric blood pressure measurements between the two pelvic limbs differed markedly. A caudal aortic right external iliac embolus was detected sonographically. Radiographically, there was a caudal esophageal mass and thoracic vertebral spondylitis typical of spirocercosis. Using CT-angiography, a caudal thoracic aortic aneurysm with a mural thrombus was detected. The dog recovered following heparin and aspirin therapy but signs recurred 7 months later. Subsequently, the patient improved on treatment and remains asymptomatic. This report illustrates the value of CT-angiography in detecting aortic thrombosis in dogs with spirocercosis.