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1.
Abstract – Factors affecting long-term variation in brown trout, Salmo trutta L., stocking success were examined in a large lake, Lake Oulujärvi, in central Finland. Brown trout were stocked in spring (late May to early June) in 1974–1991 and in summer (late June to early July) in 1992–2001. The biomass of the vendace, Coregonus albula (L.), population (prey) at release time had the largest positive effect on stocking success within both periods: biomass of adult vendace in spring and both 0+ and adult vendace in summer. Increasing the size of stocked fish had a positive effect if the vendace available at release were only adults. The increasing trend of predator-catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) [combined CPUE of northern pike Esox lucius L., burbot Lota lota (L.), and pike-perch Stizostedion lucioperca (L.)] through the study period and its negative effect on trout stocking success suggested an increasing effect of predation within the entire time series. 相似文献
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不同放牧率对草甸植被特征的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
白哈斯 《干旱区资源与环境》2008,22(4):170-174
通过对羊草+苔草草甸进行受控放牧实验,定量研究了草地植被结构对不同放牧率条件下的反应特征。结果表明:所有不同放牧小区的四种牧草牧前高度远远低于对照小区,而且留茬高度差异不大。各种牧草放牧后的高度受草地群落生物量和牧草本身适口性的影响,适口性越高,降低程度越大。在整个生长季内,羊草+苔草草甸群落地上部分生物量一直处于不断增加的状态,其中苔草和芦苇地上生物量于6月份达到峰值;羊草于7月份达到峰值;香茅在整个生长季内不断增加,于8月份达到最大值。各放牧小区群落生物量均明显低于对照小区。随着放牧率的提高,多样性指数先增高后降低,即适度放牧有利于多样性的维持。 相似文献
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江河源区披碱草和星星草混播草地土壤物理性状对牦牛放牧强度的响应 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
在江河源区披碱草Elymus natans 星星草Puccinellia tenuflora混播人工草地上研究了牦牛放牧强度对土壤物理性状的影响,2年的试验结果表明:随着放牧强度的增加,不同土壤层含水量均呈降低趋势,土壤容重、土壤坚实度呈增大趋势.相关分析表明, 放牧强度与不同土壤层含水量呈极显著的负相关(P<0.01), 与土壤容重和坚实度呈极显著的正相关(P<0.01),而且土壤容重和坚实度均具有累积效应. 相似文献
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用烧结法标志中国对虾,在靖海湾和五垒岛湾进行增殖放流,研究其回游与分布规律。重捕资料表明,6月中旬幼对虾对湾内河口浅水区生活随体长增长,逐步向深水扩散;8月上,中旬主群陆续游向湾外,按地形走向向西南回游,部分向东或东南;10月份回游对湾外水域的对虾有向东,东北或东南回游的现象。 相似文献
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凡纳滨对虾不同养殖密度高位池水体细菌群落动态 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
通过对养殖水体环境基因组DNA中细菌16S rRNA基因V4–V5区的高通量测序和生物信息学分析,研究了两种养殖密度的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)高位池水体中细菌群落在养殖过程中的动态。结果显示,养殖过程中各菌群相对丰度变化明显,细菌多样性随时间逐渐提高,优势菌群为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、蓝藻门(Cyanobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)和浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)。随着养殖时间增长,蓝藻丰度所占比例逐渐减少,而变形菌、拟杆菌和浮霉菌丰度逐渐增大,同时养殖前期高密度池浮霉菌丰度显著高于低密度池(P0.01),而其他菌群无显著差异。结果表明,养殖期前50 d不同养殖密度水体细菌群落差异较大,而后30 d内细菌群落的时间异质性大于空间异质性,这意味着高位池水体菌相被划分为两类,到养殖后期菌相快速转变,养殖密度所带来的影响被减弱。 相似文献
7.
在水温(23.0±1.0)℃和盐度(26±1.0)‰下,将体长(46.1±3.2)mm的凡纳滨对虾Litopenaeus vannamei饲养在0.54m×0.36m×0.28m的塑料水槽中,密度为40尾/m~2(LLD)、80尾/m~2(MLD)、120尾/m~2(MHD),和160尾/m~2(HHD),投喂人工配合饲料;同时在密度50尾/m2下分别投喂人工配合饲料(ACF)、菲律宾蛤仔肉(RPF)和冰鲜杂鱼(FFF),测定投喂前1h、投喂时、投喂后1h对虾间的争斗数量、争斗时间、争斗发起方、胜利次数等指标,以探讨密度和饲料种类对凡纳滨对虾争胜行为和生长性能的影响。61d的饲养结果表明:凡纳滨对虾个体间的争斗次数和胜利次数随密度的升高而增加;不同密度间平均优势指数差异不显著(P0.05);饱食情况下凡纳滨对虾对三种饲料的选择无倾向性。 相似文献
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- 1. Conservation and rehabilitation efforts for lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens throughout the Great Lakes include the re‐establishment of self‐sustaining stocks in systems where they have been extirpated.
- 2. Information on the suitability of potential lake sturgeon habitat in tributaries is important for determining their capacity to support lake sturgeon stocking and to develop system‐specific rehabilitation strategies.
- 3. Geo‐referenced habitat information characterizing substrate composition, water depth, and stream gradient were applied to a life‐stage specific lake sturgeon habitat suitability index in a geographic information system to produce spatially explicit models of life‐stage specific habitat characteristics in five northern Lake Michigan tributaries from which lake sturgeon have been extirpated.
- 4. Habitat models indicated that high quality lake sturgeon spawning and staging habitat comprised 0 to 23% and 0 to 9% of the available habitat, respectively, whereas high quality juvenile lake sturgeon habitat was relatively ubiquitous throughout each river and comprised 39 to 99%.
- 5. Comparison of these data to lake sturgeon habitat availability in Lake Michigan tributaries currently supporting populations indicated that spawning and staging habitats may limit the ability of these systems to support spawning. Efforts to re‐establish lake sturgeon populations in these systems should consider the creation of spawning and staging habitat to increase reproductive and recruitment potential prior to the initiation of stocking efforts.
10.
Saeedeh Rafatnezhad Bahram Falahatkar Mohammad H Tolouei Gilani 《Aquaculture Research》2008,39(14):1506-1513
The influence of stocking density (1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 kg m?2) was investigated on haematological parameters, growth and fin erosion of great sturgeon (Huso huso) juveniles for a period of 8 weeks. The mean weight of fish at the start of trial was 93.13±1.04 g. After 8 weeks of rearing, the mean weight was 362.4, 319.7, 267, 242.1 and 211.1 in densities 1–8 kg m?2 respectively. The results of this study showed that growth parameters, including condition factor, weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, specific growth rate and body weight increase, had a statistically significant difference among treatments (P<0.05). A significant difference (P<0.05) was observed in haematocrit, but the other haematological parameters, including red blood cells, white blood cells (WBC), haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration and differential WBC count, showed no significant effect with stocking density (P>0.05). At the end of the experiment, stocking density had no significant effect on plasma cortisol and glucose concentration. The fin length (dorsal, anal, ventral, pectoral and caudal) of fish was measured to calculate the fin index. According to this index, dorsal, anal, ventral and pectoral fins showed no significant difference among treatments (P>0.05), but the erosion of the caudal fin was significantly different between fish held on 6 and 8 kg m?2 (P<0.05). These results showed that rearing density has a major effect on the growth indices of H. huso. Unlike many other fish, great sturgeon exhibited lower stress responses to high stocking density. This indicates that they are more tolerable to rearing conditions in high stocking densities. With respect to the various effects that density causes on growth, fin erosion and physiological and haematological parameters, better understanding of these phenomena considering different levels of density could have a beneficial impact on many rearing steps of this species. 相似文献