自动车床工序调整卡的计算机辅助设计

“经验式”和“创成式”是计算机辅助工艺过程设计的两种基本的技术方法.后一种技术方法虽然还不够成熟,但它在CAPP系统的设计与实现上具有很多的优势.描述了计算机辅助设计在自动车床加工中的一些应用,它涉及到工艺方案的制定和加工工序的安排.另外,它描述了一些特有的计算机算法和编程原理.     

Knowledge-based Intelligent Decision-making System for the Safety of Rockets

With the progress of science and technology, the astronautics has obtained great development and researched in many countries, the problem on rocket safety control is important during the rocket launching proceeding, and is also the focus of every space country. At first, the importance of rocket safety control is introduced and the characteristics of the existing system for the safety of rockets are analyzed. After indicating its disadvantages, the design idea, system framework and method for realization of the knowledge-based intelligent decision-making system are proposed to improve certainty and authenticity of safety decision, containing correspond knowledge and adopting the technology of intelligent decision and reasoning on AI.     

Multiple Layer BP Neural Network for Fuzzy Calculating

The FCBP(Fuzzy calculating BP) algorithm which is proposed by this paper hasovercome the sensitivity for samples,reduced the number of input layer's samples,lightened the burden of input layer.it is suitable to fuzzy inference and pattern recognition.     

The Generalized Conjugate Direction Method for Constrained Optimization A Geometrical Approech

The conjugate direction method for solving the unconstrained optimization problem is extended to solving the constrained optimization problem by method of differential geomtry.By inducing a new class of affine connections on a constrained sub-manifold, the primary constrched optilnhation problem is converted to a unconstrained local quadratic programming problem.Based on the definition and construction of a new class of generalized conjugate directions, it isproved that optimum value of the primary constrained optimization problem must be located on thegeodesic line which is formed by the conjugate directions mentioned above and can be reached withinfinite searching step. Therefore a new curve search algorithm with generalized conjugate directions isput forward.     

ABS与ASR控制算法研究及对比分析

对汽车而言，ABS是在制动过程中控制车轮的滑移率，ASR是在驱动过程中控制车轮的滑转率。为此，主要介绍了ABS和ASR的几种典型控制算法；说明了二者之间在算法中的相似和不同之处；同时，阐述了ASR的控制途径以及分析了ABS算法中的一些不足之处。     

土壤水分特征曲线几种标定的对比分析

土壤水分特征曲线的标定是土壤水的能量和数量关系在不同尺度间转换的方法,也是植被生态需水机理研究的重要组成部分。通过对传统的迭代法、一次法和建立的2种混合遗传算法进行比较,标定的结果表明,多项式遗传算法能综合考虑2种方差的影响,并能给出一致性的标定结果,这种经验式混合遗传算法对传统的标定算法进行了改进。     

Determining crop-water production functions using yield–irrigation gradient algorithms

Crop-water production functions (CWPFs) are a useful tool for irrigation planning, but derivation of CWPFs by field experimentation is expensive, and traditional analytical techniques are not well suited to derivation of CWPFs. Physiologically based crop models provide a useful tool for simulation of agricultural experiments, but they have not been extensively applied to the task of CWPF determination. A new algorithm type based upon differential crop yield response to irrigation (“yield–irrigation gradients” [YIG]) is presented that uses these crop models to determine planning-level irrigation schedules and CWPFs. Three specific algorithms are developed within this type, varying in complexity, performance, and computational costs. Performance of the YIG methods is compared against a standard reference evapotranspiration method. In particular, the randomized iterative YIG (RIYIG) algorithm provides near-optimal results but at the highest computational costs of all the methods specified. All of the techniques presented have general applicability and are not limited to any one crop or location.     

Combining deliberative and computer-based methods for multi-objective land-use planning

This paper reports the outcomes of a deliberative workshop comparing land-use plans proposed by land-manager or domain experts with those derived using a computer-based decision support system (DSS). The DSS integrates four main components, a geographic information system, land-use systems simulation models, impact assessments and land-use planning tools. The land-use planning tools draw on the other components to generate and evaluate alternative patterns of land use and management. Since the land-use planning tools are based on multi-objective genetic algorithms (mGAs) it is possible to generate a range of alternative plans that define the structure of the trade-off between the objectives. The workshop tasked the delegates with specifying land-use plans that achieved the best compromise between two objectives known to be non-commensurable and conflicting. The nature of the best compromise was dependent on their individual perspectives. The delegates proposed allocations both as individuals and in researcher-facilitated sub-groups. The mGA allocations were then compared with those derived by delegates and were found to be broadly similar in performance. Differences in the range of allocations considered feasible were explained by the hard and soft constraints on allocations agreed between the delegates and articulated within the workshop process. The hypothesis that part of the difference in performance between the mGA and delegate allocations was due to the delegates blocking together fields with the same land use for convenience of management was proved. The analysis of the group allocations revealed that the decision-making process had failed to improve on the individual allocations. From these results it was concluded that there was a potential role for mGA based land-use planning tools in researching into, and deliberating on, the possible impacts of policy or other factors affecting land-use systems. It was further concluded that the tools should not be used in isolation since there was the need for stake-holder inputs to adequately define the range of feasible and practical land-use plans.     

缺株玉米行中心线提取算法研究

无人驾驶农机自主进行行驶路径检测和识别系统需要具备环境感知能力。作物行的中心线识别是环境感知的一个重要方面,已有的作物行中心线识别算法在缺株作物行中心线提取中存在检测精度低的问题。该研究提出了一种能够在缺株情况下提取玉米作物行中心线的算法。首先采用限定HSV颜色空间中颜色分量范围的方法将作物与背景分割,通过形态学处理对图像进行去噪并填补作物行空洞;然后分别在图像底部和中部的横向位置设置条状感兴趣区（Region of Interest,ROI）,提取ROI内的作物行轮廓重心作为定位点。在图像顶端间隔固定步长设置上端点,利用定位点和上端点组成的扫描线扫描图像,通过作物行区域最多的扫描线即为对应目标作物行的最优线;将获取的最优线与作物行区域进行融合填充作物行中的缺株部位;最后设置动态ROI,作物行区域内面积最大轮廓拟合的直线即为目标作物行中心线。试验结果表明,对于不同缺株情况下的玉米图像,该算法的平均准确率达到84.2%,每帧图像的平均检测时间为0.092 s。该研究算法可提高缺株情况下的作物行中心线识别率,具有鲁棒性强、准确度高的特点,可为无人驾驶农机在作物行缺株的农田环境下进行作业提供理论依据。