鲈鱼与养生

在广泛文献检索基础上,对鲈鱼的种属、营养成分、养生价值、代表性膳食及食用注意事项进行了概述,以期为全民养生保健提供科学资料。     

按照"三个代表"要求,搞好邓小平理论概论课程建设

全面贯彻党的十六大精神，以“三个代表”重要思想统领我们的各项工作并教育和武装当代大学生，是当前高校邓小平理论概论教学必须肩负的历史重任。本从邓小平理论概论课程教学的特点与规律出发，就如何按照“三个代表”要求，搞好邓小平理论概论课程建设提出建议。     

关于牧区牲畜头数抽样调查方法的探讨

多年来,我国各地牧区每年都进行牲畜普查,不仅需要花费大量的人力、物力、时间,而且普查资料的准确性也是很难保证。特别是随着牧区家庭承包经营责任制的实行,普查的对象由原来集体经营的生产队变成千家万户牧民,而牧区居住分散,交通不便,更给普查工作带来许多新的困难。在新形势下,为了以较少的人力、物力、时间,取得每年的牲畜头数资料,满足各级领导的需要,就必须进行统计调查方法的改革,即     

Factor Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of the Fruit Quality of ‘Yangjiaocui’ Melons

【Objective】The aim of this study was to identify the typical indices of fruit quality and high quality materials of ‘Yangjiaocui’ melons to provide reference and basis for melon quality evaluation and breeding. 【Method】Eighteen indices, including economic trait and flesh quality of fruits from 6 cultivars and 26 high-generation inbred lines of ‘Yangjiaocui’ melons were determined. Based on factor analysis, stepwise regression, correlation analysis and two-dimension ordination map, the typical indices of fruit quality and high quality materials were identified. 【Result】 Among the 18 indices, single fruit mass, hardness, vitamin C (V_C) content, titratable acid content, sugar-acid ratio and solid acid ratio showed greater variability, and the variation coefficients were more than 20%. However, the variability of fruit transverse diameter, flesh thickness rate and pH were relatively lower and the variation coefficients were less than 10%. Three common factors were extracted from economic trait indices with 87.71% cumulative variance contribution rate and the explanatory indices were fruit longitudinal diameter, fruit transverse diameter, fruit shape index, fruit cavity longitudinal diameter, fruit cavity transverse diameter and flesh thickness rate. From quality indices, 4 common factors were extracted with 90.03% cumulative variance contribution rate and the explanatory indices were V_C content, hardness, total soluble solids content, total sugar content, titratable acid content, sugar-acid ratio and solid-acid ratio. Based on the comprehensive analysis of these selected 6 economic trait indices and 7 flesh quality indices, 5 common factors were extracted with 87.35% cumulative variance contribution rate. According to the correlation among the indices and the principle of simplicity and ease of use and avoidance of overlapping information, 5 indices, including fruit longitudinal diameter, flesh thickness rate, hardness, total sugar content and titratable acid content, could be used as typical indices to evaluate the fruit quality of ‘Yangjiaocui’ melons. The comprehensive quality score of all materials were ranked depended on scores and variance contribution rate of the above 5 common factor and two-dimension ordination map. Finally, 10 materials were selected as high quality materials. 【Conclusion】 Fruit longitudinal diameter, flesh thickness rate, hardness, total sugar content and titratable acid content could be used as typical indices to evaluate fruit quality of ‘Yangjiaocui’ melons. Inbred lines 25, 24, 22, 21, 8, 1, 17, 18, 20 and 23 were high quality materials.     

Sites of infrastructure,apprenticeship and possibilities for self: Locating Indonesia's missing women in representative politics

Women are under-represented in Indonesian legislatures, and those women who are elected are disproportionately from ‘elite’ backgrounds. This research sought to understand the conditions for women to succeed in politics in conditions of patriarchy and clientelist politics. Research in North Sumatera, Indonesia, revealed that many women did not make the conscious decision not to enter politics, but rather found that they had not established the required preconditions earlier enough in life. Patriarchal social norms and a transactional political culture frustrate women's ability to acquire these conditions, yet they are also subject to change. Interviews with women elected representatives and women who had never contested an election revealed three sites that are critical to women either acquiring the preconditions to contest elections, or frustrating that pathway: the household, the ‘community’ and religious/ethnic associations. We demonstrate how women's actions in these sites transform the conditions to make them more conducive to women's political participation.     

结合多等级代表性采样和模糊隶属度的区域土壤制图方法

High-resolution and detailed regional soil spatial distribution information is increasingly needed for ecological modeling and land resource management. For areas with no point data, regional soil mapping includes two steps: soil sampling and soil mapping. Because sampling over a large area is costly, efficient sampling strategies are required. A multi-grade representative sampling strategy, which designs a small number of representative samples with different representative grades to depict soil spatial variations at different scales,could be a potentially efficient sampling strategy for regional soil mapping. Additionally, a suitable soil mapping approach is needed to map regional soil variations based on a small number of samples. In this study, the multi-grade representative sampling strategy was applied and a fuzzy membership-weighted soil mapping approach was developed to map soil sand percentage and soil organic carbon(SOC) at 0–20 and 20–40 cm depths in a study area of 5 900 km2 in Anhui Province of China. First, geographical sub-areas were delineated using a parent lithology data layer. Next, fuzzy c-means clustering was applied to two climate and four terrain variables in each stratum. The clustering results(environmental cluster chains) were used to locate representative samples. Evaluations based on an independent validation sample set showed that the addition of samples with lower representativeness generally led to a decrease of root mean square error(RMSE). The declining rates of RMSE with the addition of samples slowed down for 20–40 cm depth, but fluctuated for 0–20 cm depth. The predicted SOC maps based on the representative samples exhibited higher accuracy, especially for soil depth 20–40 cm, as compared to those based on legacy soil data. Multi-grade representative sampling could be an effective sampling strategy at a regional scale. This sampling strategy, combined with the fuzzy membership-based mapping approach, could be an optional effective framework for regional soil property mapping. A more detailed and accurate soil parent material map and the addition of environmental variables representing human activities would improve mapping accuracy.     

非物质文化遗产代表性传承人认定与管理的法律思考——以福建省为主要分析对象

在对非物质文化遗产项目进行保护的过程中,项目代表性传承人的认定与管理意义重大。我国已经出台了《国家级非物质文化遗产项目代表性传承人认定与管理暂行办法》,各地方关于代表性传承人的认定与管理的规定都与该办法的内容基本一致,福建省的相关规定有其可取之处,但在代表性传承人的申请程序、管理原则以及权利义务等方面仍有待进一步完善。     

河北北部二代粘虫发生的预测

根据丰南县1981～1990年粘虫田间发生的调查资料,经回报检验,10a 粘虫发生情况的回报准确率均为90%,明显高于经验预报,而且能在粘虫实际发生前1个月做出定量预报,具有较好的实用价值。     

试论农民代言人出现的背景及其对农民话语权回归的作用

介绍了在目前我国农民存在着制度缺陷型、能力欠缺型及信息断裂型话语缺失的背景下,一些非农精英人士自觉自愿承担起农民代言人的角色,为推动"三农"问题的解决发挥了巨大的作用。并提出农民代言人的终极使命应该是帮助农民完全掌握与其他阶层平等的话语权,实现从"代农民言"到"农民自己言"的转变。