Insemination with Stallion Semen Frozen in 0,5 ml Straws

Contents: An insemination trial using frozen semen is described. The freezing procedure was slightly modified from the Hannover method. The insemination dose consisted of 7 medium straws containing approx 1 10⁹ spermatozoa. A total of 28 mares of the Norwegian Trotter breed were inseminated during the 1991 season. During oestrus the mares were examined at 12 hour intervals, and the insemination was carried out after detection of ovulation. The pregnancy rate was 43% after the first insemination, increased to 68% after second and further to 75% after the third and last insemination. The foaling rate was 61.5%.     

维生素B12解冻液在绵羊人工授精中的应用

应用维生素B12注射液做绵羊冻精的解冻液,实施人工授精配种来提高绵羊受胎率和羔羊成活率。结果表明,试验组绵羊受胎率达96.0%,羔羊成活率达94.2%,而对照组绵羊受胎率为78.0%,羔羊成活率为85.4%,试验组与对照组绵羊受胎率和羔羊成活率均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。     

精准定时输精对后备母猪早期胚胎发育与繁殖性能的影响

为探讨精准定时输精(fixed-time artificial insemination,FTAI)对后备母猪早期胚胎发育和繁殖性能的影响,试验1选取自主培育的金乌猪后备母猪43头,随机分为2组,其中,对照组24头,为自然发情,观察后人工配种(artificial insemination,AI);试验组19头,为精准...     

Involvement of Ca2+-ATPase in suppressing the appearance of bovine helically motile spermatozoa with intense force prior to cryopreservation

In cattle, cryopreserved spermatozoa are generally used for artificial insemination (AI). Many of these specimens exhibit helical movement, although the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unclear. This study aimed to characterize helically motile spermatozoa, investigate the involvement of Ca²⁺-ATPase in suppressing the appearance of these spermatozoa prior to cryopreservation, and examine the potential of helical movement as an index of sperm quality. In the cryopreserved semen, approximately 50% of spermatozoa were helically motile, whereas approximately 25% were planarly motile. The helically motile samples swam significantly faster than those with planar movement, in both non-viscous medium and viscous medium containing polyvinylpyrrolidone. In contrast, in non-cryopreserved semen, planarly motile spermatozoa outnumbered those that were helically motile. Fluorescence microscopy with Fluo-3/AM and propidium iodide showed that flagellar [Ca²⁺]_i was significantly higher in cryopreserved live spermatozoa than in non-cryopreserved live ones. The percentage of non-cryopreserved helically motile spermatozoa was approximately 25% after washing, and this increased significantly to approximately 50% after treatment with an inhibitor of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺-ATPases (SERCAs), “thapsigargin.” Immunostaining showed the presence of SERCAs in sperm necks. Additionally, the percentages of cryopreserved helically motile spermatozoa showed large inter-bull differences and a significantly positive correlation with post-AI conception rates, indicating that helical movement has the potential to serve as a predictor of the fertilizing ability of these spermatozoa. These results suggest that SERCAs in the neck suppress the cytoplasmic Ca²⁺-dependent appearance of helically motile spermatozoa with intense force in semen prior to cryopreservation.     

猫人工授精技术研究进展

人工授精技术是一种较先进的辅助生殖技术,可提高繁殖育种的效益,但因猫类较独特的生殖特点,其人工授精技术发展受限。近年来,科研人员和临床工作者借鉴其他物种相对成熟的人工授精技术,结合猫类生殖特点,对猫人工授精过程中精液采集、精液品质评估、精液保存、刺激母猫排卵方式及具体的人工输精等相关技术进行了优化和创新,如开发了新颖实用的尿导管法采精技术以采集猫精液;在传统精液品质评估的基础上,配合使用荧光染色技术、流式细胞技术及体外受精技术对猫精液品质进行评估;探索不同冷冻液配方及冷冻程序对猫精液保存效果的影响,并尝试使用超快速冷冻法保存公猫遗传物质;研究使用不同种类及不同剂量的激素对诱导母猫发情和排卵效果的差异,以及不同输精部位、方法及时机对母猫妊娠结果的影响等。尽管其中一些新技术与方法已在试验动物中彰显出了其实际应用潜力,但当下依旧还存在操作相对复杂、成本较高、效果低于预期等问题,导致目前猫人工授精技术的应用较局限,不如在犬或其他动物中应用广泛,未来还需更进一步研究和探索才能满足临床实际应用的需要。文章就上述猫人工授精技术中各个方面的研究进展进行了综述,以期为该技术的进一步研究和应用提供参考。     

Quality of Fresh,Cooled, and Frozen Semen From Stallions Supplemented with Antioxidants and Fatty Acids

This study assessed the effect of oral supplementation with the primary antioxidants and fatty acids involved in spermatogenesis (L-carnitine, selenium, vitamin E, omega-3, and omega-6) on the seminal quality in fresh, cooled, and frozen semen of stallions (n = 8), using a randomized design. The animals were divided into Group I (n = 4) and Group II (n = 4) for a 30-week experiment. The two groups alternated between nutraceutical supplementation and a placebo over the course of the experiment. Semen collections were performed in two sets: once in the middle of the experiment, before the two groups switched treatments, and once at the end. The volume, appearance, sperm concentration, spermatozoa kinetics, and membrane integrity of fresh semen were evaluated. The spermatozoa kinetics and membrane integrity of cooled (for 24, 36, and 48 hours) and frozen semen were also evaluated. No differences were observed in volume, appearance, and sperm concentration between treatment and control. However, compared with placebo, nutraceutical supplementation increased (P < .05) total motility, trajectory speed, as well as plasma and acrosomal membrane integrity in spermatozoa from fresh semen. In cooled semen, nutraceutical treatment also increased (P < .05) total motility, speed, and membrane integrity of spermatozoa compared with the control. In frozen semen, supplementation increased (P < .05) spermatozoa progressive motility and plasma membrane integrity. Our results suggest a positive, synergistic effect of the antioxidant L-carnitine and selenium on spermatozoa kinetics. Similarly, the increase in plasma and acrosomal membrane integrity could be attributed to higher concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids (a key cell-membrane component), combined with the prevention of excess lipid peroxidation by antioxidants. In conclusion, supplementation with nutraceuticals containing fatty acids and antioxidants improved the quality of fresh, cooled, and frozen stallion semen. Therefore, nutraceutical use should increase the success of artificial insemination with cooled and cryopreserved semen.     

子宫内输精技术在绵羊生产中的应用研究

对绵羊腹腔镜子宫内输精技术的输精时间、输精部位进行了研究,并在实践应用中对该技术加以改进和完善,进一步验证了子宫内输精优点和输精的可操作性.试验结果表明:诱导发情的母羊在撤栓后54 h,同期发情母羊在撤栓后60 h,采用双侧子宫角深部输精,输精效果最好,受胎率可达60%～80%.     

中国对虾体外人工授精方法研究

研究了中国对虾的人工授精，实验表明：解剖亲虾后取卵的时间不应超过５ｍｉｎ，精子在海水中的时间不应超过１５ｍｉｎ，卵子接触海水的时间不应超过１ｍｉｎ，本文介绍了中国对虾外人工授精技术，并对影响人工授精成功的因素以及体外人工授精的意义进行了讨论。     

New technique of sex preselection for increasing female ratio in boar sperm model

In this study, we tried to optimize the porcine semen extender conditions to maximize the differences between live X chromosome-bearing (X) spermatozoa and to Y chromosome-bearing (Y) spermatozoa without a decline in the fertility rate at different pH conditions during storage. We observed the viability of X and Y boar spermatozoa in acidic (pH 6.2), original (pH 7.2), and alkaline condition (pH 8.2) for 5 days to investigate the effect of storage conditions on the X to Y spermatozoa ratio. The functional parameters of spermatozoa were also examined to evaluate sperm quality. Sperm motility was preserved at pH 7.2 and pH 6.2 for 3 days, while sperm motility at pH 8.2 decreased significantly after 2 days. Non-capacitated spermatozoa increased while capacitated spermatozoa decreased during storage. Sperm viability decreased significantly duration-dependent under all pH conditions, but there was no significant difference during storage at pH 6.2 and 7.2. The X: Y ratio of live spermatozoa in acidic condition was maximized (1.2:1) without affecting the sperm function and fertility-related protein expression after 2 days compared to original conditions. Moreover, insemination of sows using acidic extender increased the number of female pups on days 1 and 2 of preservation. These results indicate that the production of female offspring may increase when acidic BTS is used for 2 days without affecting the success rate of AI. Above all, this method is simple and economical compared to other methods.     

母猪批次化生产研发进展

批次化生产是欧美等畜牧业发达国家开发的一种工厂化养猪模式,近年来我国也在逐渐推广应用,它显著提升了猪场生产效率与生物安全,尤其对当前我国非洲猪瘟防控和生猪产能恢复具有重要意义.文章简述了母猪批次化生产的研发历史,并综述了其技术优势、关键技术以及我国目前研发、应用情况,以期提高我国母猪批次化生产水平,促进养猪业转型升级.