Development of Chinese Near-isogenic Line of Rice and Their Differentiating Ability of Pathogenic Races of Blast Fungus

The rice( Oryza L. ) variety, Lijiangxintuanheigu(LTH), is a universally susceptible variety. A set of near-isogenic lines (NILs) of rice which has single resistance gene for each line was developed by use of LTH as recurrent parent and Kusabue,Tsuyuake, K1, PiNo. 4, K60 and BL1, which are from Kiyosawa‘s differential varieties(KDV), as donor parents. Differentiating ability of these NILs to Philippine isolates was compared with that of their donor parents, KDV and IRRI‘ s NILs. The results of comparative studies were as follows: (1) Differentiating ability of Chinese NILs to Philippine isolates was much stronger than that of their donor parents and that of KDV. (2) Chinese NILs had similar ability to differentiate races to IRRI‘s NILs or higher differentiating ability than them. But IRRI‘s NILs almost had no differentiating ability to isolates from japonica rice-growing regions. They can not be used to differentiate races of isolates from japonica ricegrowing regions. Whereas, Chinese NILs can be used to differentiate races of isolates from both japonica ricegrowing regions and indica rice-growing regions. It was concluded that the set of Chinese NILs can be used as international differentials.     

近交系大鼠DNA指纹图与微卫星DNA比较分析

为了建立一种对近交系大鼠遗传物质进行精确可靠、快速简便的监测方法,利用DNA指纹技术对国内6个品系8个近交系大鼠群体进行了DNA多态性的分析,并与PCR扩增微卫星DNA技术进行了比较.其结果显示(1)不同品系之间DNA指纹图差异较大,同一群体不同个体间DNA指纹图带的相似系数和共有带率除SHR(哈)和WKY(哈)小于0.7外,其他均大于0.9.不同地区同一SHR间和WKY间DNA指纹图也存在差异,相同DNA不同次制作的DNA指纹图谱基本一致.(2)不同品系个体间微卫星DNA具有显著多态性;同一群体不同个体之间除SHR(哈)的SMST位点和WKY(哈)的AGT位点出现一定的差异外,其他均没有差异.DNA指纹图能更精确可靠地反映出动物个体间的遗传背景,而微卫星DNA遗传监测方法比较简便快捷.     

Utilization of Aromatic Rice in Improving Grain Quality of Hybrid Rice

ThesuccessfuldevelopmentandcommercialuseofhybridricehasgreatlyraisedriceyieldlevelinChina .However ,ithasbeenagreatchallengeforbreederstoim provethegrainqualityofhybridricewithoutsacrificeofitsyield ,i.e .,todevelophybridricecombinationswithgoodgrainqualityaswellashighyield .AromaticricelikeBasmatiinIndiaandPakistanandJasmineinThailand ,isfamousforitshighqualityandu niquepleasantflavorofaroma ,soitishighlyfavoredbyriceconsumersaroundtheworld .Itmightbeaneffectiveapproachtoimprovethegrainqual…     

西瓜核型雄性不育两用系POD同工酶研究

用PAGE(聚丙烯酰胺凝胶)电泳技术,研究了西瓜核型雄性不育两用系不同器官的POD(过氧化物酶)同工酶酶谱差异。试验结果表明,不育株与可育株主要差异在雄花蕾,表现为不育株较可育株多2条活性强的酶带;其他器官差异小,仅表现为酶谱带强弱不同。并对POD同工酶与雄性不育性的相关性进行了研究。     

Inhibitory effects of LDL-ACM complex on subcutaneous implanted tumors in nude mice()

AIM: In order to evaluate the applicable value of LDL as a targeted vehicle for chemotherapeutic agents, we investigated and compared the inhibitory effects of LDL-ACM complex and free ACM on nude mice's subcutaneous implanted tumors derived from gastric cancer cell lines, SGC-7901 and NKM-45. METHODS: LDL-ACM complex was prepared and the tumor model of nude mice was established by subcutaneous implantation of SGC-7901 and NKM-45. Then, the groups of nude mice developed subcutaneous implanted tumors were received either LDL-ACM complex or free ACM. Subsequently, the tumor size, weight and leukemia cell counts were measured and the rates of tumor-inhibition and the survival were compared among the groups. RESULTS: The inhibitory effects of LDL-ACM complex on the tumors, especially on SGC-7901 implanted tumors were much more obvious than that of free ACM. It was also indicated that the action of LDL-ACM complex was mediated by LDL receptor. CONCLUSION: These results showed that LDL-ACM complex had significant inhibitory effects on the implanted tumors and the effect might be mediated by LDL receptor.     

黄瓜单体异附加系的筛选与观察

 将甜瓜属异源三倍体与栽培黄瓜‘北京截头’杂交，经胚胎拯救获得了两个2n=15 (14C+1H)的单体异附加系，编号分别为02—17和02—39。02一l7植株叶形为戟形，02—39为深陷的掌状形，并且果刺均为白色，不同于异源三倍体的掌状心脏形和黑刺，果形比异源三倍体黄瓜长而更接近普通黄瓜。细胞学研究发现，单体异附加系在终变期和中期I染色体构型主要是由7个二价体和1个单价体构成，出现三价体的频率为4％ ～5％ ，中期Ⅱ不均等分裂形成不同的两极，一极染色体为8条，另一极为7条。RAPD分析证明它们分刖附加了野生种Cucum／s hystrix的染色体。     

以Taichung29为背景的小麦抗条锈病近等基因系转育进展

自1988年起,系统开展了以Taichung29为背景的小麦抗条锈病近等基因系转育及其基础性研究。采用回交法和系谱法相结合的转育方法,以春性品种Taichung29为轮回亲本作母本,分别与25个抗性供体即中国小麦条锈病菌鉴别寄主和国际上重要的抗条锈基因载体品种杂交、回交和自交。通过基因推导分析、单体分析和SSR标记技术检测目的基因,选育抗条锈近等基因系,现已获得重要进展,成功选育出8个以Taichung29为背景的抗条锈病单基因近等基因系,即Taichung29*6／Yr1、Taichung29*6／Yr2、Taichung29*6／Yr5、Taichung29*6／Yr7、Taichung29*6/Yr9、Taichung29*6／Yr10、Taichung29*6/YrSpP、Taichung29*6/YrKy2。另有9个组合转育获得343个抗性稳定株系,正检测其目的基因,3个组合转至BC₆F₃,自交纯合筛选抗性稳定株系,5个组合转至BC₅,继续回交转育。     

猪原始生殖嵴细胞(PGCs)建系因素的研究

从五指山猪(WSZP)近交系第8～13代培育群中，先后选用21头5～10月龄青年母猪，分别于授精后25～30d采集胎儿106个，进行原始生殖嵴(PGCs)细胞分离、培养等建系技术研究。以DMEM F10(1:1)为基础培养液，按添加或不添加生长因子，将培养液分为A、B、C3种，并以STO细胞作饲养层，在38℃、5.0％CO2和湿润的气相中进行培养建系。结果获得胚胎生殖嵴细胞(EG)细胞系6个细胞株，其中1个EG细胞株传至11代、2个传至5代、1个传至4代、2个传至3代冻存。并进行了AKP染色、体外分化、冷冻-解冻复苏和嵌合体制作等鉴定研究。研究发现：不同胚龄对EG细胞建系具有一定影响，不同培养液对EG细胞建系效果不同，STO细胞饲养层的质量是建株、传代、冷冻-解冻复苏的关键因素之一。EG细胞系的初步建立，为今后筛选进入种系的EG细胞系、实施体外基因操作提供了可能。     

Yield Performance of Wheat Isolines with Different Dosages of the Short Arm of Rye Chromosome 1

Translocations of the short arm of rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosome 1 (1RS) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Pavon 76) are known to increase root biomass. Such an increase enhances water and nutrient uptake and may improve grain yield. Two greenhouse experiments and a field experiment were carried out at the University of California, Riverside, in 2012 and 2013 under well‐watered and terminal drought treatments to evaluate phenotypic characters associated with varying dosages of 1RS, including grain yield. The genotypes used were cultivar Pavon 76 (R₀), Pavon 76/Pavon1RS.1AL (F₁ hybrid) with a single dosage of 1RS (R₁A), Pavon 1RS.1AL with two dosages of 1RS (R₂A), Pavon 1RS.1DL (R₂D) also with two dosages of 1RS and Pavon 1RS.1AL‐1RS.1DL (R₄AD) with four dosages of 1RS. There was a significant positive correlation between number of dosages of 1RS and root biomass. However, no correlation was found between root biomass and grain yield per plant. Drought in the field experiment reduced grain yield significantly. Under well‐watered field conditions, grain yield of R₂A (215.9 g plant^?1) was significantly greater than those of R₂D (191.8 g plant^?1) and R₄AD (161.7 g plant^?1). Also, grain yield of R₄AD was significantly less than those of F₁, Pavon 76 and R₂D under well‐watered conditions. Under drought field conditions, no significant differences were found among the genotypes for grain yield was found between F₁ (14.7 g plant^?1) and R₄AD (12.4 g plant^?1). Harvest index was significantly greater in well‐watered (44.2 %) than in drought (34.6 %) field conditions. On average, genotypes F₁ (42.3 %) and R₂A (40.6 %) had higher harvest index than R₂D (38.3 %) and R₄AD (35.5 %) in the field. Also, Pavon 76 (40.2) and R₂D (38.3) had higher harvest index than R₄AD. Drought tolerance was lowest for R₄AD due to its relatively lower grain yield potential. In general, Pavon 1RS.1AL carrying two dosages of 1RS showed higher grain yield under wet treatments. Pavon 1RS.1AL‐1RS.1DL carrying four dosages of 1RS produced the largest shoot and root biomasses, but the least grain yield.