排序方式: 共有23条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Kip E. Panter Bryan L. Stegelmeier Dale R. Gardner Clinton A. Stonecipher Stephen T. Lee Don Kitchen Adeline Brackett Charlie Davis 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2021,33(3):538
Salvia reflexa (lance-leaf sage)-contaminated alfalfa hay was fed to ~500 mixed-breed beef cattle. Within hours of exposure, nearly half of the cattle developed lethargy, anorexia, depression, and recumbency, followed by bellowing, colic, and death. Even though the uneaten contaminated hay was removed the first day, nearly 100 animals died within the first 48 h. Three of these cattle were examined postmortem, and tissues and hay samples were collected for microscopic and chemical analysis. Several days later, a smaller number of the clinically poisoned cattle developed neurologic disease with aberrant behavior, aggression, icterus, blindness, exhaustion, and death. A total of 165 cattle were fatally poisoned. Poisoned cattle had swollen, dark, mottled livers that had a prominent nutmeg-like lobular pattern on cut section. Histologically, there was severe centrilobular-to-panlobular hepatic necrosis with marked hepatocellular swelling, degeneration, and necrosis. The surviving cattle developed liver disease characterized by altered serum biochemical analyses and microscopic hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis. In subsequent biopsies and analysis, these lesions resolved within 6–7 mo. After confirming toxicity of the hay in cattle, goats, and mice, followed by a mouse bioassay–guided chemical fractionation process, Salvia reflexa was identified as the contaminant in the hay responsible for the hepatotoxicity. S. reflexa has not been reported previously to cause fatal hepatotoxicity in livestock in North America, to our knowledge. 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
5.
紫菀化学成分及药理作用研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
中药紫菀为菊科多年生草本植物紫菀的干燥根茎,味辛、苦,性温,归肺经,具有润肺下气、止咳化痰平喘的作用,是临床常用的润肺祛痰止咳药。近代药理学研究表明,紫菀中化学成分含量丰富,主要有萜类、肽类、黄酮类、有机酸类等;其药理学作用也十分广泛,有抗菌、抗肿瘤、镇咳祛痰平喘、抗病毒、抗氧化活性等作用。近年来紫菀的研究主要集中在止咳化痰以及抗肿瘤等方面,其他方面的药理作用却有待于进一步研究。通过查阅国内外相关文献,综述了紫菀的化学成分和药理作用的研究进展,整理了紫菀研究的基本信息,以期为紫菀的进一步研究提供参考。 相似文献
6.
Kohei Matsunaga Satoki Fukunaga Jun Abe Hayato Takeuchi Sachiko Kitamoto Yoshitaka Tomigahara 《Journal of Pesticide Science》2021,46(4):333
A new herbicide, epyrifenacil (S-3100), inhibits protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) in plants. Repeated administration of epyrifenacil in laboratory animals led to some toxicological changes related to PPO inhibition, e.g., hepatotoxicity caused by porphyrin accumulation and anemia caused by the inhibition of heme biosynthesis. In vitro studies revealed that an ester-cleaved metabolite, S-3100-CA, is predominant in mammals, exhibits PPO-inhibitory activity, and thus is the cause of epyrifenacil-induced toxicity. To assess the human risk, the effects of species differences on the dynamics (PPO inhibition) and kinetics (liver uptake) of epyrifenacil were evaluated separately. The results of in vitro assays revealed an approximately tenfold weaker inhibition of PPO by S-3100-CA in humans than in rodents and six- to thirteen-fold less hepatic uptake of S-3100-CA in humans than in mice. Finally, it was suggested that humans are less sensitive to the toxicity of epyrifenacil than are rodents, although further mechanistic research is highly anticipated. 相似文献
7.
Lim JH Kim TW Park SJ Song IB Kim MS Kwon HJ Cho ES Son HY Lee SW Suh JW Kim JW Yun HI 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2011,24(4):223-228
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective activity of aqueous extract
from Platycodon grandiflorum (BC703) on thioacetamide (TA)-induced
hepatotoxicity in mice. We found that BC703 significantly decreased mortality and the
change in serum transaminase following TA administration. The group treated with BC703 at
doses of 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg produced significant hepatoprotective effects against
TA-induced liver damage by decreasing the activities of serum enzymes, nitric oxide and
lipid peroxidation in dose-dependent manners. Histopathological studies further
substantiated the protective effect of BC703. These results show the hepatoprotective
activity of aqueous extract from Platycodon grandiflorum on
thioacetamide-induced fulminant hepatic failure. 相似文献
8.
Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent widely used in treatment of several cancers. It is documented as a major cause of clinical nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced liver and kidney injury. Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 (control) was intraperitoneally (IP) injected with a single dose of 0.85% normal saline. Groups 2, 3 and 4 were IP injected with single doses of cisplatin at 10, 25 and 50 mg/kg body weight (BW), respectively. At 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h after injection, BW, levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, malondialdehyde (MDA), and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and histology of the liver and kidney were evaluated. Cisplatin caused a reduction in BW of rats in groups 2, 3 and 4 at all post injection intervals. The levels of serum ALT, AST, BUN and creatinine and MDA of the kidney and liver were markedly increased especially at 48 and 72 h, whereas the activity of SOD was decreased after cisplatin injection. Liver sections revealed moderate to severe congestion with dilation of the hepatic artery, portal vein and bile duct and disorganization of hepatic cords at 50 mg/kg of cisplatin. Kidney sections illustrated mild to moderate tubular necrosis at 25 and 50 mg/kg of cisplatin. Therefore, oxidative stress was implicated in the pathogenesis of liver and kidney injury causing biochemical and histological alterations. 相似文献
9.
10.
Selection and interpretation of clinical pathology indicators of hepatic injury in preclinical studies 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Boone L Meyer D Cusick P Ennulat D Bolliger AP Everds N Meador V Elliott G Honor D Bounous D Jordan H 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2005,34(3):182-188
This position paper delineates the expert recommendations of the Regulatory Affairs Committee of the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology for the use of preclinical, clinical pathology endpoints in assessment of the potential for drug-induced hepatic injury in animals and humans. Development of these guidelines has been based on current recommendations in the relevant preclinical and human clinical trial literature; they are intended to provide a method for consistent and rigorous interpretation of liver-specific data for the identification of hepatic injury in preclinical studies and potential liability for hepatic injury in human patients. 相似文献