安徽省鸡常见病毒性肿瘤病的检测与调查

应用已建立的鸡肿瘤病快速鉴别诊断技术对源自安徽省5个不同地区的46个鸡群的肿瘤病、抑制病疑似病、死鸡305羽进行检测。结果表明,马立克氏病的阳性率为39．34%(120/305),禽网状内皮组织增生征阳性率为8．52%(26/305),禽白血病阳性率为2．624%(8/305)；另对17群未进行MD免疫的肉鸡进行随机抽样检测,其中5个鸡群检测出马立克氏病病毒强毒,阳性率为29．41%(5/17),阳性群的平均检出率为24 %。     

Infections Investigation of ALV and REV in Guangxi Local Poultry Breeds and Sequence Analysis of gp85 Gene of ALV Isolates

In order to investigate the infection status of avian leukosis virus (ALV) and avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) in the major local breeds of Qinzhou,Guangxi,totally 953 samples of egg white,cloaca swab and serum of Ma duck,Shitou goose,Tiejiao-Ma chicken,turkey and pigeon were collected from the representing flocks and detected by the commercial ELISA kits.ALV was isolated for the ALV p27 positive samples by culturing on DF-1 cells,and gp85 gene was sequenced.The results showed that the detections of ALV were negative in the samples except those of Tiejiao-Ma chicken,while REV antibody was found positive in Ma duck,Tiejiao-Ma chicken and turkey.The nucleotide sequences of gp85 gene of two isolates shared 94.5% identity with each other,and shared 86.9% to 94.9% with reference strains.The amino acid sequences of gp85 gene of two isolates shared 91.5% identity with each other,and shared 84.0% to 91.6% with reference strains.There were many variable sites in the hyper variable region hr1 and hr2,and the vr2 and vr3 variable regions were relatively conservative.Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the two isolates shared the highest homology with SCAU11-XG strain.     

Bluetongue Virus （BTV） Serological Survey and Evidence of Emergent BTV-8 Serotype in Morocco

Bluetongue （BT） is an infectious, non-contagious arthropod-borne disease that infects all ruminants, including sheep, cattle, deer, goats and camelids. Bluetongue virus （BTV） belonged to Reoviridae is ARN genome of 19 Kb. Twenty-six BTV serotypes have long been recognized, to be associated with severe disease in certain breeds of sheep, whereas cattle and goats are usually sub-clinically affected. Before 2004, BT was considered an exotic disease in Morocco, however, the first outbreak was observed in 2004 in sheep. This outbreak was caused by the isolated BTV-4. Two years later a BTV-1 emerged in Morocco. Both serotype 1 and serotype 4 circulated after 2007 across the country. The aims of the present work was to perform a serological study on sheep from different regions in Morocco in order to clarify the current BTV epidemiological situation and its evolution from 2009 to 2012, to determine the co-infection rate, and to confirm the possible circulation of other BTV Serotype mainly the BTV-8. All of 436 sera were tested by serum neutralization using reference strains. Results confirm the presence of BTV-4, BTV-1 and BTV-8. However, the present study report for the first time the emerging BTV-8 circulation in Morocco. Moreover, the founding reveal as well a higher co-infection rate in cattle compared to sheep.     

长春地区梅花鹿毕氏肠微孢子虫分子流行病学调查

为了掌握长春地区梅花鹿毕氏肠微孢子虫(Enterocytozoon bieneusi)的感染率及基因型种类的分布情况,探究其在人与动物之间传播的源由,本研究于2018年12月-2019年12月期间采集长春地区8个养殖场共计538份梅花鹿粪便样品进行毕氏肠微孢子虫的流行病学调查及基因型分析,经PCR鉴定,测序分析、序列拼接比对以及系统进化分析。试验结果表明,长春地区梅花鹿毕氏肠微孢子虫的感染率为17.84%(96/538),不同养殖场的感染率为0~47.96%;研究共发现14种基因型(BEB6、EbpC、Ⅰ、JLD-Ⅲ、JLD-Ⅸ、JLD-ⅩⅤ、JLD-ⅩⅥ、JLD-ⅩⅦ、JLD-ⅩⅧ、JLD-ⅩⅨ、JLD-ⅩⅩ、JLD-ⅩⅪ、JLD-ⅩⅫ和JLD-ⅩⅩⅢ),其中BEB6为优势基因型。应用多位点序列分型(MLST)方法,选择MS1、MS3、MS4以及MS7位点对毕氏肠微孢子虫阳性样本进行多态性和群体遗传结构分析,结果显示,在96份阳性样品中,共有16份阳性分离株在至少2个位点同时扩增成功,形成10个多位点基因型(multilocus genotypes,MLGs),相同的基因型之间存在不同亚型,表明长春地区梅花鹿毕氏肠微孢子虫具有丰富的遗传多样性。本研究应用分子生物学方法对长春地区梅花鹿毕氏肠微孢子虫的流行病情况及基因型进行分析,研究结果不仅为梅花鹿毕氏肠微孢子虫防控提供科学依据,也为防控毕氏微孢子虫在人和动物间的传播提供基础数据,对保障公共卫生与健康意义重大。     

Epidemiological Cut-off Values (ECOFFs) of Salmonella from Chicken Intestinal Tract for Three Animal-specific Antibiotics

In order to establish epidemiological cut-off values (ECOFFs) of Salmonella for three animal-specific antibiotics (florfenicol,apramycin and danofloxacin) in Guangdong province.A total of 166 strains of Salmonella isolates from chicken intestinal tract from veterinary clinics and farms in Guangdong province in 2017 were recruited in this study,the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of florfenicol,apramycin and danofloxacin were determined in triplicate for each bacterial strain using the agar dilution method on Mueller-Hinton agar plates according to the CLSI reference method (CLSI-M100-S26).ECOFFs were calculated for the MIC data sets by application of nonlinear regression analysis,NRI(normalized resistance interpretation) and ECOFFinder software.MIC distribution of florfenicol,apramycin and danofloxacin against Salmonella from 2 to >512,4 to >512 and 0.015 to 64 μg/mL,respectively.MIC₅₀ and MIC₉₀ for apramycin,florfenicol and danofloxacin were 256 and >512,16 and >512,0.5 and 16 μg/mL,respectively.MIC distribution of apramycin and florfenicol presented obvious unimodal shape,while that of danofloxacin was a discontinuous multi-peak.The ECOFFs of florfenicol,apramycin and danofloxacin were recommended to be 16,16 and 0.125 μg/mL,respectively.In present study,the ECOFFs of Salmonella from chicken intestinal tract for apramycin,florfenicol and danofloxacin were determined,which provided scientific basis for resistance surveillance.     

A molecular epidemiological survey of Babesia, Hepatozoon,Ehrlichia and Anaplasma infections of dogs in Japan

Tick-borne diseases are often encountered in canine clinical practice. In the present study, a molecular epidemiological survey of dogs in Japan was conducted to understand the prevalence and geographical distribution of Babesia spp., Hepatozoon spp., Ehrlichia spp. and Anaplasma spp. Pathogen-derived DNA in blood samples obtained from 722 dogs with a history of exposure to ticks and/or fleas was examined by PCR. The prevalence of Babesia gibsoni, Babesia odocoilei-like species, Hepatozoon canis and Ehrlichia spp./Anaplasma spp. was 2.4% (16/722), 0.1% (1/722), 2.5% (18/722) and 1.5% (11/722), respectively. While B. gibsoni and Ehrlichia spp./Anaplasma spp. were detected in the western part of Japan, H. canis was detected in Tohoku area in addition to western and central parts of Japan.     

2001-2002年贵州省遵义市地方性氟中毒状况的流行病学调查

目的:了解遵义市地方性氟中毒病区燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒流行情况。方法:采用分层抽样法对遵义市地方性氟中毒病区的8个县(区、市)内的中心区和边缘区儿童氟斑牙、尿氟和成人氟中毒临床症状体症、生活习性、环境介质氟含量进行调查。结果:16岁以上成人临床氟中毒阳性检出率为22.54%,检出率以习水县最高,为80.12%;遵义县最低,临床氟中毒检出率为0;女性发病高于男性。16岁以上成人氟斑牙检出率为56.64%,缺损型检出率为18.49%,氟斑牙指数1.51,边缘区高于中心区。8~12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率为37.50%,缺损型检出率为4.34%,氟斑牙指数为0.78,边缘区高于中心区,尿氟均值0.91m g/L,标准差1.62m g/L。环境介质调查,室内存放辣椒、玉米含量均值分别为160.57、19.67m g/L。结论:遵义市燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒病情以轻度为主,但部分病区县流行强度较显著,主要通过室内敞炉灶燃煤导致煤烟氟污染室内空气和烘炕的辣椒而摄入大量氟所致。     

非线性传染率的流行病模型的周期解与Hopf分支的存在性

本文讨论一类具有非线性传染率的流行病模型的动力形态,并给出该系统出现同宿分支与周期轨道分支的条件.     

内蒙古猪瘟流行病学调查及猪瘟病毒的分离

对内蒙古部分地区猪场进行了猪瘟流行病学调查，发现我区在较大范围内以非典型的猪瘟为主，发病多见于3月龄以下的仔猪，且以局部流行为主，母猪多呈隐性感染，部分母猪表现出繁殖障碍；个别地区仍有发病率和致死率较高的急性典型猪瘟，发病猪场不同程度上存在免疫程序不合理和免疫抑制性疾病。在此基础上对疑似病例进行了病理学检测和兔体交互免疫试验进行确诊，并对猪瘟野毒进行了分离。本研究不仅为内蒙古地区进一步作好猪瘟的防制提供了理论依据，而且为猪瘟野毒分子生物学的研究打下了基础。     

宠物(犬、猫)弓形虫病流行病学调查

本实验旨在了解弓形虫病在宠物(犬、猫)体内的感染情况,2011年1-12月,在北京市部分地区的27个大中型动物医院,随机抽取犬、猫血清样品1 082份,进行犬猫弓形虫病的流行病学调查。调查结果显示,1 082份犬、猫血清,阳性样品共有16份,阳性率为1.50%。其中犬血清906份,阳性样品9份,阳性率为1.00%;猫血清176份,阳性样品7份,阳性率为4.00%。