A study of goldfish oocyte meiosisin vitro: effects of 2,4-dinitrophenol and adenosine-5-triphosphate

Germinal vesicle migration (GVM) and/or dissolution (GVD) were measured in goldfish oocytes, treated with 17α, 20β dihydroxyprogesterone (DHP) and other compounds considered to effect the cytoskeleton and oxidative phosphorylation,in vitro. Administration of DHP reinitiated meiotic maturation, increasing GVM and GVD in goldfish oocytes. Addition of 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) to the incubation medium significantly inhibited DHP-induced GVM and GVD. The DNP effect was found to be partially reversible after 24 h and could be reversed fully after a further delay of approximately 24h. Treatment of goldfish oocytes with demecolcine (DE; a colchicine derivative also known as colcemid) induces GVM to the micropyle without effecting GVD; while Cytochalasin-B which inhibits microfilament polymerization impairs both GVM and GVD. Administration of DNP, significantly inhibited DE-induced GVM, suggesting that GVM as well as GVD are dependent upon the process of oxidative phosphorylation. Addition of adenosine-5′ -triphosphate (ATP) at low concentrations (0.01–0.1 mM) did not effect DHP-induced or DNP-inhibited GVD in goldfish oocytes. The present results are consistent with the idea that migration of the oocyte nucleus during meiosis reinitiation has an energy requirement and involves participation by the cytoskeleton.     

CB处理和胞质去除对山羊孤雌胚体外发育的影响

为优化山羊核移植方案，实验研究了细胞松弛素B(cytochalasin-B，CB)处理和胞质去除对山羊孤雌胚体外发育的影响。将山羊MⅡ期卵母细胞用7.5 μg/mL CB分别处理5、10、15、20和30 min(实验Ⅰ)，处理后分别去除1/4～1/2的细胞质(实验Ⅱ)，并在每个实验中设对照组(不做任何处理)，孤雌激活后，用碘化丙啶和Hoechst 33258 对囊胚ICM细胞及TE细胞进行双染色，分别记录内细胞团(ICM)和滋养层(TE)细胞数。结果表明, 实验组Ⅰ及对照组均获得了较高的卵裂率(分别为76.83%～85.50%和86.50%)及较高的囊胚期发育率(分别为57.40%～62.20%和59.80%)，囊胚细胞数及ICM细胞数在各组间无统计学差异(P＞0.05)；实验Ⅱ，随着去除胞质比例的1增大孤雌胚的卵裂率(75.76%～16.07%)、囊胚率(38.67%～6.67%)、囊胚细胞总数(107.15～63.67)及ICM百分率(26.32%～19.37%)呈下降趋势，超过1/3时孤雌胚的发育力显著降低(P <0.05)。实验结果指出，(1)7.5 μg/mL CB在30 min以内对山羊孤雌胚体外发育力无不利影响；(2)胞质去除量控制在1/3以下对孤雌胚的发育影响不大。     

CCB、蔗糖及成熟时间对山羊卵母细胞去核效果的影响

分离培养山羊卵母细胞,采用盲吸法去核,研究不同成熟培养时间(18,22和26 h)不同细胞松弛素B(CCB)浓度(5,7.5,10,15 mg/L)和不同蔗糖浓度(20,25,30 g/L)对卵母细胞去核效果的影响。结果表明,山羊卵母细胞最佳去核条件为:卵母细胞体外成熟时间为22 h,去核时操作液中CCB质量浓度为7.5 mg/L,蔗糖质量浓度为20 g/L。