4株Ⅰ亚群禽腺病毒分离株对SPF雏鸡的致病性研究

【目的】探究Ⅰ亚群禽腺病毒(Fowl adenovirus, FAdV)分离株GDDL-4(FAdV-4)、GDB3-8a(FAdV-8a)、GDT08-8b(FAdV-8b)、GDWYT-11(FAdV-11)对SPF雏鸡的致病性,进而制定更加有效的防控措施。【方法】设立4个攻毒组(GDDL-4、GDB3-8a、GDT08-8b、GDWYT-11)及对照组,攻毒组选择腿部肌内注射接种0.2 mL 10⁵ TCID₅₀病毒液,对照组接种等体积PBS。接种后观察SPF雏鸡的临床症状、剖检病变及组织病理学变化,同时检测其排毒量和病毒载量。【结果】所有攻毒组鸡均表现为精神沉郁、消瘦、扎堆等,病理剖检以严重心包积液-包涵体肝炎综合征病变为主,其中GDDL-4组症状最为严重,死亡率最高达85%,总体死亡率在0～85%之间。排毒分析结果发现,GDDL-4和GDB3-8a组出现高滴度排毒(≥10⁴拷贝/μL),GDT08-8b和GDWYT-11组仅能检测到低滴度(≤10³拷贝/μL)排毒。器官指数表明,除GDT0...     

兔急性病毒性出血症临床及病理学观察

本文对兔急性病毒性出血症的临床症状及病理学变化作了详细的观察。结果表明：病兔表现出明显的临床症状,精神沉郁,食欲减少,体温升高,呼吸困难,死前尖叫、抽搐,死后呈角弓反张,鼻孔流出泡沫样血液。病理剖检变化主要表现为呼吸道出血及实质器官心、肝、脾、肾等淤血、出血及水肿。病理组织学变化以心、肝、脾、肺、肾等实质器官变性、坏死,间质淤血、出血及弥漫性血管内凝血为特征,在心、肝、肾、肺等器官内形成微血栓。     

一起输入型仔猪猪瘟疫情的确诊

2018年9月初,黔东南州某养殖专业合作社引进的保育猪发生急性死亡。通过流行病学调查、临床观察、病理剖检和实验室检测,对该起疫情进行了诊断。结果显示:猪伪狂犬病病毒gE-ELISA抗体检测和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒RT-qPCR检测均为阴性,猪瘟病毒RT-qPCR检测阳性。结合流行病学调查、临床症状和病理剖检结果,确诊该疫情为猪瘟病毒感染。猪瘟临床特征与猪繁殖与呼吸综合征等其他疫病较为相似,仅依据临床症状和病理剖检很难分辨,实际工作中,需结合血清学和病原学检测才能确诊。同时,该疫情也提示,虽然猪瘟已非国家强制免疫病种,但仍需根据实际开展免疫预防,做好引进猪群的隔离检疫工作。     

白枕鹤的并殖吸虫病——斯氏狸殖吸虫

引自潘阳湖的一只雄性白枕鹤于 1 998年 8月份死亡 ,经剖检从其气管末端内壁发现了斯氏狸殖吸虫 (Paragonimusskryabini)。此前我国并无涉禽类该病的报道     

妊娠早期绵羊子宫和胎儿实测与超声探查比较

用Ｂ超跟踪探查的９头妊娠母羊，分别于妊娠５７、５８、５９、６０、８６、８７、８８、９６和１００ｄ剖检，实测其于叶直径、胎儿冠一臀长、头长和胎儿主要内脏。结果发现，直径最大的子叶在妊娠８６ｄ，说明以测子叶直径来预测胎龄，只适用于妊娠８６ｄ以前；妊娠５９ｄ观察到有胃液，妊娠８６、９６ｄ先后在直肠和结肠观察到有胎粪蓄积，９６和１００ｄ在羊水和胃内发现有小粪球，说明此时已有排粪和吞咽反射；妊娠８７和８８ｄ观察到膀胱有尿蓄积和睾丸降入阴囊。     

吉林延边地区牛气肿疽病的诊断报告

本研究旨在对吉林省延吉市三道湾镇两位农户饲养的病死黄牛进行快速诊断。本试验采集肝脏、脾脏、心脏、肌肉等组织,通过流行病学调查、临床剖检、显微镜观察、细菌培养观察、生化试验、分子生物学试验及动物试验进行气肿疽病诊断。病死黄牛的肌肉部位触压有捻发音,切面有大量血液和气泡流出,镜检可见两端钝圆、有芽孢的大杆菌,在肝片肉汤培养基中形成上清清朗、底部有松散的白色沉淀,生化试验均呈现气肿疽厌气菌所特有的产酸产气反应,PCR扩增出大小为501 bp的特异性条带。结果表明延边地区两病死黄牛感染了气肿疽病,证明了该地区气肿疽梭菌的存在。本试验首次分离鉴定出气肿疽梭菌延边株,为该地区气肿疽病的诊断和防制提供了重要的参考依据,同时为进一步研究该病的药物防制和免疫防制奠定了重要基础。     

Diagnostic Report of Clostridium chauvoei Infection of Cattle in Yanbian of Jinlin Province

The study was aimed to rapidly diagnose two ill and dead cattle in three bay town of Yanji city in Jilin province.We collected liver,spleen,heart,muscle and other tissues to diagnose Clostridium chauvoei infection by epidemiological investigation,clinical autopsy,microscopic obsevation,bacterial culture observation,biochemical experiment,molecular biology diagnosis and animal experiment.The muscles of the ill and dead cattle contacted with crepitus,and the section had a lot of blood and bubble flowing out,microscopic obsevation found bacillus with obtuse at both ends and spores,the bottom of the tube had loose and white precipitate in the broth,biochemical experiments showed that the isolate had acid-production and gas-production reactions which was unique to anaerobic bacteria causing Clostridium chauvoei infection,and 501 bp fragment was amplified by PCR.The results showed that two ill and dead cattle were casued by Clostridium chauvoei infection in Yanbian area,and proved the existence of Clostridium chauvoei.The test separated Clostridium chauvoei Yanbian strain for the frist time,which provided important reference basis for the prevention and treatment of Clostridium chauvoei infection,and laid the important foundation for the further study of drug and immune preventions of this disease.     

Autopsy results of a case of ingestion of sodium hydroxide solution

Sodium hydroxide is a strongly corrosive alkali. We describe herein a case of suicide by ingestion of sodium hydroxide. A man in his 80s was found dead with a mug and a bottle of caustic soda. Macroscopically, liquefaction and/or disappearance of esophagus, trachea and lung tissue and a grayish discoloration of the mucosa of the stomach were seen along with blackish brown coloration of the skin, mouth, and oral cavity. The contents of the gastrointestinal tract showed a pH level of 7–8 on pH indicator strips. Histopathologically, liquefactive necrosis of remnant lung tissue and the stomach were seen. As biological reactions such as vasodilatation and inflammation were not detected in these organs, only a short number of hours must have passed between ingestion and death. This human case provides valuable information concerning the direct irritation induced by systemic exposure to corrosive substances.     

Autopsy report for a caffeine intoxication case and review of the current literature

Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is a popular mild central nervous system stimulant found in the leaves, seeds and fruits of various plants and in foodstuffs such as coffee, tea, and chocolate, among others. Caffeine is widely used and is not associated with severe side effects when consumed at relatively low doses. Although rarely observed, overdoses can occur. However, only a few fatal caffeine intoxication cases have been reported in the literature. Herein, we report the pathological examination results and information on caffeine concentrations in the blood, urine and main organs in a fatal caffeine intoxication case. Even though high caffeine concentrations were found in the systemic organs, no caffeine-related pathological changes were detected.