明月草对糖尿病小鼠的降血糖作用

采用腹腔注射0.1 mL/10 g四氧嘧啶溶液建立糖尿病小鼠模型。小鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、阳性对照组、明月草低、中、高剂量组(2.5%、5.0%、10.0%),灌胃30 d,观察其对小鼠体重、血糖的影响。结果表明:明月草低、中、高剂量组的血糖值分别达到9.61±1.60、9.95±1.51、9.50±1.73 mmol/L,与模型对照组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),说明明月草对高血糖模型小鼠有较好的降血糖功能。     

栀子苷的降糖作用和对PPARγ受体的激活

葡萄糖消耗试验表明,栀子苷能显著促进前脂肪细胞对葡萄糖的吸收。小鼠荷糖试验和四氧嘧啶致糖尿病小鼠血糖试验证实,栀子苷具有剂量依赖性降低小鼠餐后血糖及糖尿病高血糖的作用。通过基于PPARγ受体信号通路的报告基因诱导表达试验,发现栀子苷在体内外的降糖功效,可能与过氧化物酶增殖体激活受体γ的激活有关。     

中药SF叶提取物降血糖的作用研究

目的：探讨中药SF叶的降血糖作用。方法：采用四氧嘧啶（200mg／kg体重）腹腔注射方法复制小鼠高血糖模型。试验小鼠均采用灌胃方法给药，给药后用葡萄糖氧化酶法测定各组的血糖水平及各组小鼠肾重／体重比。结果：中药SF叶提取物三个剂量组对四氧嘧啶型高血糖模型小鼠的高血糖有抑制作用，对正常小鼠无明显降血糖作用。结论：中药SF叶提取物对四氧嘧啶型高血糖模型小鼠有降血糖作用，对肾脏具有一定的保护作用，可抑制肾肿大；对正常小鼠无明显降血糖作用。     

四氧嘧啶与链脲佐菌素诱导小鼠糖尿病模型的效果比较

用相同总剂量的四氧嘧啶1次给药和2次给药及较大剂量链脲佐菌素1次给药3种方法诱导小白鼠糖尿病模型,多次测定血糖,体重等糖尿病相关指标,以确定糖尿病模型建立的最佳方法。结果表明,四氧嘧啶建模率为91．94％,高于链脲佐菌素建模率(66．7％)(P<0．05);四氧嘧啶建模组的死亡率为15％及体重下降率为 18．1％,均高于链脲佐菌素建模组(死亡率3．3％,体重下降率12．0％)(P<0．05);四氧嘧啶连续2次小剂量给药的建模效果优于1次性大剂量给药。两种药物比较,虽然四氧嘧啶的建模率高于链脲佐菌素,但其对建模小鼠的损害亦明显大于链脲佐菌素,建模时连续小剂量给药,并于4．5～5 h后灌胃质量分数50％葡萄糖,可以降低死亡率, 提高建模率。     

桂皮提取物对糖尿病大鼠血糖和血脂含量的影响

【目的】探讨桂皮提取物对糖尿病大鼠血糖和血脂含量的影响。【方法】给大鼠腹腔注射200mg/kg的四氧嘧啶建立糖尿病模型。试验共分4组:正常对照组(Ⅰ)、糖尿病模型组(Ⅱ)、低剂量桂皮提取物组(Ⅲ)和高剂量桂皮提取物组(Ⅳ),Ⅲ、Ⅳ组糖尿病模型大鼠分别灌服100和200mg/(kg.d)的桂皮提取物,连续灌服30d;Ⅰ、Ⅱ组大鼠分别灌服生理盐水,方法和剂量同前。试验期间观测各组大鼠饮食、尿量,并在0d(开始时)和30d时,取样测定大鼠血糖、血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)水平和体质量。【结果】试验开始时,与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组大鼠体质量显著降低(P<0.05),血糖显著提高(P<0.05)。试验结束时,与Ⅱ组相比,Ⅳ组大鼠血糖及血清TC、TG和LDL-C水平显著降低(P<0.05),而体质量和HDL-C水平显著升高(P<0.05);而Ⅳ组与Ⅰ组相比,大鼠体质量、血糖及血清TC、TG、LDL-C和HDL-C水平差异均不显著(P>0.05)。【结论】灌服200mg/(kg.d)的桂皮提取物,能够降低四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病大鼠的血糖及血清TC、TG和LDL-C水平,增加其体质量,提高其血清HDL-C水平。     

山茱萸不同提取物降血糖作用研究

以正常小鼠和四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠为动物模型,分别对山茱萸乙醚提取物、乙酸乙酯提取物和乙醇提取物的降血糖作用进行研究。结果表明,山茱萸3种提取物组与模型组比较,均可显著降低四氧嘧啶糖尿病小鼠血糖水平(P0.01)。山茱萸3种提取物组间比较,乙酸乙酯提取物组的降血糖作用最明显(P0.05)。正常小鼠对照实验表明,山茱萸3种提取物对正常小鼠的血糖无明显影响(P0.05)。本试验筛选出山茱萸乙酸乙酯提取物为山茱萸的降血糖活性成分。     

不同品种苦瓜对高血糖模型小鼠作用的比较

采用四氧嘧啶诱发小鼠高血糖,观察苦瓜水煎液对高血糖模型小鼠血糖的影响.结果表明,051-15(大顶苦瓜×长身苦瓜)、051-1(大顶苦瓜×大顶苦瓜)、051-14(大顶苦瓜×长身苦瓜)、051-6(大顶苦瓜)、黑珍珠(刺瘤苦瓜)、社引苦瓜(长身苦瓜)6个品种苦瓜对小鼠血糖值影响不同.其中051-1苦瓜对小鼠血糖值的影响与用苦瓜液前比较,降低50.12%(P＜0.01),与模型组比较,降低34.71%(P＜0.01),饮水量降低63.59%(P＜0.05);其次是051-15苦瓜,其小鼠血糖值与用苦瓜液前比较降低40.81%(P＜0.01),与模型组比较,降低22.47%(P＜0.01),饮水量降低57.92%(P＜0.05).可见,051-1及051-15杂交苦瓜降糖效果最佳,并有相对减少小鼠饮水量的作用.     

天冬地黄枸杞煎剂对动物实验性高血糖水平的影响

目的研究天冬地黄枸杞煎剂对实验性糖尿病动物血糖的影响.方法建立肾上腺素性大鼠糖尿病模型和四氧嘧啶性小鼠糖尿病模型,应用葡萄糖氧化酶法测血糖值.结果天冬地黄枸杞煎剂各剂量组显著降低肾上腺素诱发高血糖大鼠的血糖水平和四氧嘧啶诱发高血糖小鼠的血糖水平.结论天冬地黄枸杞煎剂对实验性高血糖动物有显著降糖作用.     

Assessment of Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats as a Periodontal Disease Model Using a Selective Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 Inhibitor

Several recent studies have reported that alloxan-treated rats with long-term hyperglycemia can develop naturally occurring periodontal disease (PD). Our previous studies detected dental caries in the same model. Therefore, these two lesions of different etiologies are expected to occur concurrently. In this study, we evaluated the use of diabetic rats as a PD model by employing a selective COX-2 inhibitor reported to be effective against PD. Six-week-old female F344 rats were divided into 3 groups: intact rats (control), alloxan-induced diabetic rats fed a standard diet (AL) and alloxan-induced diabetic rats fed a diet containing 0.01% etodolac (AL+Et). The animals were euthanized at 26 weeks of age, and their oral tissues were examined histopathologically. Gingivitis, marginal periodontitis and alveolar bone resorption were markedly enhanced along with dental caries in the AL group compared with the control group. However, the COX-2 inhibitor had no effect on periodontal inflammation in the AL+Et group. In addition, in the AL group, periodontitis was notably nonexistent around the normal molars, and gingivitis was scarcely worse than that in the control group. In the diabetic rats, the progression of periodontal inflammation was closely correlated with the severity of adjacent dental caries, and marginal periodontitis was frequently continuous with apical periodontitis. In conclusion, an alloxan-induced diabetic rat is not a model of PD but of dental caries. It is probable that in this model, hyperglycemia may enable crown caries to progress to apical periodontitis, while the associated inflammation may rostrally expand to surrounding periodontal tissue.     

Anti‐diabetic effect of camel milk in alloxan‐induced diabetic dogs: a dose–response experiment

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of camel milk in alloxan‐induced diabetic dogs and to follow this effect at three doses of milk. Firstly, three groups of dogs were used: two groups composed each of four diabetic dogs and receiving raw camel milk (treatment 1) or cow milk (treatment 2), and four healthy dogs getting raw camel milk (treatment 3) were used as control. Each animal was treated with 500 ml of milk daily. Secondly, we compared the effects of three amounts of camel milk: 100 ml, 250 ml and 500 ml to treat the diabetic dogs. After week 3, the dogs treated with camel milk showed a statistically significant decrease in blood glucose (from 10.88 ± 0.55 to 6.22 ± 0.5 mmol/l) and total protein concentrations (from 78.16 ± 2.61 g/l to 63.63 ± 4.43 g/l). For cholesterol levels, there was a decrease from week 2 (from 6.17 ± 0.5 mmol/l to 4.79 ± 0.5 mmol/l). There were no significant difference in blood glucose, cholesterol or total protein concentrations in dogs drinking 250 and 500 ml of camel milk. The dogs treated with 100 ml of camel milk did not show any significant decrease in blood glucose levels, and cholesterol and total protein concentrations. The investigation was not limited to the improvement in glycemic balance, lipids and proteins control in diabetic dogs getting camel milk, but we also noted a stability of this state after the dogs stopped to drink milk. This effect depended on the quantity of camel milk used to treat diabetic dogs.