柑橘类果实汁胞的红色现象及其呈色色素

柑橘类果实中不乏汁胞为红色类型者,如红肉葡萄柚(Citrus paradisii Macf.)的粉红色是番茄红素所致,血橙(C.sinensis L.)的血红色来源于花青素,此外,还有红色的红江橙(C.sinensis L.)、橙红色的元红(C.reticulata Blan-co)和紫红色的五布红心柚(C.grandis L.)等,它们因色泽鲜艳而具备特殊的市场潜力,但呈色色素尚未见报道。在符合审美观的同时,红色汁胞品种还具有特殊的营养价值,如类黄酮、类胡萝卜素等色素富集可软化血管、抗癌、抗氧化及消除体内自由基等。综合有关文献,首次将国内外主要红色汁胞柑橘品种依宽皮柑橘、甜橙、柚、葡萄柚及杂柑等分类进行综述,分析可能的呈色色素,阐明导致红色性状产生的两类色素—花青素、类胡萝卜素生物合成途径     

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in chronic inflammatory mucosa of lacrimal sac

AIM: To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in inflammatory mucosa of lacrimal sac. METHODS: Immunohistochemical S-P method was used to examine the expression of VEGF in the mocusa from 12 patients with chronic dacryocystitis and 8 volunteers. RESULTS: The positive rates of VEGF expression in different parts of the mocusa were: basal lamina: 44.3%±7.6％; surface epithelium: 16.9%±4.6％; connective tissue: 15.2%±4.9％, all normal mocusa of 8 cases were negative. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.01), a significant difference among each part of the chronic inflammatory mocusa of lacrimal sac. CONCLUSION: VEGF may play an important role in hyperplasia of inflammatory mucosa of lacrimal sac.     

抗番鸭细小病毒卵黄抗体的制备

[目的]有效预防和治疗番鸭细小病毒病。[方法]用番鸭细小病毒连续免疫产蛋母鸡3次,收集鸡蛋,并制备出高免卵黄抗体。通过琼脂扩散试验对制备的卵黄抗体进行效价测定,用雏番鸭进行中和与治疗试验。[结果]制备的卵黄抗体琼扩效价达到1∶32,能有效中和番鸭细小病毒对雏番鸭的致病性,对发病的雏番鸭有很好的治疗作用。[结论]该研究为番鸭细小病毒的预防和治疗提供了一种有效的生物制品。     

陆地棉×亚洲棉胚胎在培养条件下的发育研究

离体培养陆地棉与亚洲棉杂种胚珠,并以陆地棉自交为对照。观察结果表明,杂种胚胎表现出明显的生长优势,能顺利地通过胚胎发育的各个时期而达成熟胚。其原因是,胚乳游离核迅速解体,珠心组织也随之解体,而不形成胚乳细胞并使胚囊腔迅速扩展,使杂种胚有足够的营养源,并提供了足够的生长空间。自交胚胎的生育速度远不及杂种胚,发育受抑,尤其是球形胚到心形胚的时期较长。     

琯溪蜜柚砂囊粒化的无损检测

摘 要：柑橘砂囊粒化是柑果成熟期与采后贮藏期的常见生理性病害,严重影响果实品质。本文采用1.5 T 高场磁共振成像仪对采后贮藏30 d的琯溪蜜柚[Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck]果实进行磁共振扫描检查,并以同层断面解剖图为对照,评估磁共振成像（MRI）应用于柑橘砂囊粒化症无损检测的有效性。结果表明, MRI检测中,T2WI能够显著区分果肉组织与海绵层组织的信号差异,其信号强度可代表果实组织相对含水量;T2WI信号在砂囊粒化部位强度显著降低,病变组织的失水特征清晰,与解剖结果一致。T2WI对砂囊粒化的确诊率100%,显著优于T1WI成像的识别率41.7%（χ2 = 5.76,P = 0.016）;T2WI和T1WI均能显示种籽照影,但T2WI对果肉组织影像的分辨率优于T1WI,因此MRI的T2WI分析可作为一种无损检测方法,对柚商品果实上市前砂囊粒化症发生程度以及种籽有无进行评估。     

抗IBD高免卵黄抗体的研制

应用ＩＢＤ二价弱毒细胞苗和二价油乳剂灭活苗对鸡进行加强免疫，待高免鸡血清ＩＢＤＡＧＰ抗体效价达１：２５６以上时，收集高免蛋，用于制备抗ＩＢＤ高免卵黄抗体，制出的高免卵黄抗体ＩＢＤＡＧＰ效价为１：６４～１：１２８，用这种高免卵黄抗体对万余只ＩＢＤ病鸡进行治疗，剂量为每只鸡肌注１ｍｌ，总有效率在９０％以上。由此可见，ＩＢＤ高免卵黄抗体具有特异性好、治愈率高、取材方便、制造简便和使用方便等优点，适用于基层推广使用。     

鸡抗鸭副黏病毒病高免卵黄抗体的研制

为了寻找有效的防治鸭副黏病毒病的途径。分离出1株鸭副黏病毒,经鉴定并命名为鸭PMV DY-1株,并以此毒株作为免疫毒株,应用非鸡新城疫免疫健康鸡群作为免疫蛋源,制备鸡抗鸭副黏病毒病高免卵黄抗体,经实验室检测和临床试验应用。结果表明,研究获得的高免卵黄抗体应用效果良好,安全、高效,是目前紧急预防治疗鸭副黏病毒病较有效、较经济的方法之一。     

玉露桃胚囊形成发育和受精过程的观察

玉露桃胚珠弯生,具单层珠被,胚囊为8核,受精前两个极核合并为次生核。珠孔受精。花粉管经由一个助细胞进入胚囊,并在助细胞中释放两个精子。晴天授粉后4h花粉管穿过花柱进入子房,20h经珠孔进入珠心。授粉后5～6d到达胚囊,7d左右完成受精过程,16d后出现幼胚。     

Effect of in vitro exposure to Vibrio vulnificus on hydroelectrolytic transport and structural changes of sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) intestine

The everted gut sac technique has been used to investigate the effect of Vibrio vulnificus on water and electrolyte (Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻, HCO₃ ⁻) transport on the intestine of sea bream (Sparus aurata L.). Both the anterior and the posterior intestine were incubated in a medium containing 10⁸ V. vulnificus cells ml⁻¹ at 25°C for 2 h. The presence of V. vulnificus resulted in a significant reduction (P < 0.05) of water absorption in the anterior intestine, while sodium absorption in the anterior (P < 0.01) and posterior (P < 0.05) intestine was elevated. Chloride absorption was increased, but the changed was not significant, while potassium absorption decreased significantly (P < 0.05), but only in the posterior intestine. Incubation the sea bream intestine with V. vulnificus did not affect carbonate secretion in the anterior segment, whereas high secretion was stimulated in the posterior segment (P < 0.01). Histological evaluations demonstrated damage in the anterior intestine of sea bream that was characterized by the detachment of degenerative enterocytes, alterations in the microvilli, and the presence of a heterogenous cell population, indicating inflammation. Based on our results, we conclude that V. vulnificus caused cell damage to the intestine of sea bream and that the anterior intestine is more susceptible than the posterior part of the intestine. Several hypotheses are suggested to explain our observations, such as the presence of higher numbers of villosities in the anterior intestine than in the posterior one and/or the presence of endogenous bacteria in the posterior intestine which may have a protector role.     

Effects of CSF-1,IL-1α on CSF-1 receptor gene expression in rat dental follicle cells

AIM: To study the effects of colony stimulating factor(CSF-1) and IL-1α on CSF-1 receptor mRNA levels and to determine if the autocrine effect is inhibited through the CSF-1 receptor.METHODS: Rat dental follicle cells were cultured in vitro.The effects of different concentrations of CSF-1 and IL-1α on CSF-1 receptor gene expression were detected by means of RT-PCR.RESULTS: High concentrations of CSF-1 reduced the gene expression of the CSF-1 receptor. IL-1α had no effects on CSF-1 receptor mRNA levels.CONCLUSION: High concentrations of CSF-1 inhibit the expression of CSF-1 receptor.IL-1α has no effect on the expression of CSF-1 receptor mRNA.