断斑石鲈(Pomadasy hasta)网箱养殖技术研究

本文对平均全长3cm、平均体重0.41g的断斑石鲈幼鱼进行网箱养殖试验.结果表明:(1)断斑石鲈在体重50g以下生长速度最快,月增重最高达8.3倍.(2)适宜的生长水温在25～29℃之间;16℃以下几乎停止摄食,出现负增长;水温14℃以下持续数天,体弱者皮肤出现溃疡或死亡.(3)幼鱼经15个月的网箱养殖,从平均全长3cm增长到平均全长25cm、平均体重525g的商品鱼,成活率达68.3%.     

食糜在矛尾复鰕虎鱼消化道排空速度及其营养含量的变化

选择规格一致、健康无病、初始体质量(43.42±0.75)g的矛尾复鳙虎鱼240尾,随机分到20个水族箱内,每箱12尾.饱食量投喂鲜杂鱼.然后不同时间取样,测定胃、前肠、中肠、后肠内容物的质量及其粗蛋白、脂肪和水分含量,探讨食糜在矛尾复鰕虎鱼消化道排空速度及其营养含量的变化.试验结果表明,矛尾复鰕虎鱼在刚摄食后胃内容物达到最大值,并随着时间的延长减少,至22 h排空为0.线性回归模型能较好地用来模拟食糜在胃中的变化;食糜在前肠、中肠和后肠出现的时间分别为摄食后1、3 h和4 h.达到最大值的时间分别为摄食后12、9 h和10 h.试验结束时(投喂后26 h)前肠、中肠和后肠仍有剩余食糜.食糜中粗蛋白和脂肪含量在胃、前肠、中肠、后肠逐渐降低,但胃中粗脂肪含量高于食糜中的含量,而粗蛋白含量低于食糜中含量.     

断斑石鲈土池人工育苗研究

本文报道2001－2005年断斑石鲈人工育苗的初步研究结果。在水温23－30.5℃、海水盐度27－32,pH值7.8－8.9的条件下,初孵仔鱼经27日龄－39日龄变态为幼鱼,全长达24－46mm;2001年、2002年及2005年先后培育出幼鱼27006尾、62000尾及240008尾,育苗成活率分别为6%、13.8%和26.9%。文中还介绍了饵料系列、鱼苗生长与发育及形态观察研究结果。     

渤海矛尾复鰕虎鱼生殖力的研究

从渤海采集卵巢发育到Ⅳ和Ⅴ期的矛尾复鰕虎鱼32尾,采用重量法进行了生殖力的研究。结果表明:矛尾复鰕虎鱼为分批产卵类型,卵子呈卵圆型,卵径0.726mm±0.291mm;矛尾复鰕虎鱼的个体绝对生殖力为33 609±14 022粒,单位净体重生殖力为439.92±139.50粒/g,单位体长生殖力为1 176.08±227.08粒/mm。矛尾复鰕虎鱼个体绝对生殖力与体长、体宽、体重、净重、性腺重及肥满度相关关系密切,而与成熟系数相关关系不密切;体长相对生殖力与除成熟系数以外的其他生物学指标相关关系一般,与成熟系数相关关系不密切;净重相对生殖力与体长、体重、净重、性腺重、肥满度关系密切,与其他生物学指标相关性不强。     

矛尾复鰕虎鱼病原哈氏弧菌的鉴定及特异性检测方法的建立

取体表出血、肌肉溃疡的虾蟹养殖塘混养大量死亡的矛尾复鰕虎鱼的深层溃烂组织及肝脏进行细菌分离,2种被检组织中均分离到2种优势生长菌落;人工感染试验表明,其中的一株分离菌(S090801)浓度为106～108 cfu/ml可引起矛尾复鰕虎鱼全部死亡,该菌的形态特征、生理生化特性及基于16SrRNA和gyrB 2种基因的系统发育学分析确定为弧菌属的哈氏弧菌。同时基于gyrB基因序列设计1对特异性引物,建立了一种哈氏弧菌快速、敏感的PCR检测方法,扩增目的片段大小为363bp,该方法检测哈氏弧菌模板DNA最低质量浓度为0.046875ng/μl,可用于哈氏弧菌引起的水产动物疾病的快速诊断及分子流行病学的调查研究。     

断斑石鲈卵和仔鱼的发育

断斑石鲈是一种近海浅水底栖鱼类,个体较大,生长也快,可选做为发展近海增养殖的鱼种之一。本文通过人工授精方法,对鱼卵及仔鱼的发育做了观察,在水温23.7—25.00℃的海水中培养,受精卵经过约20个小时,可全部孵出仔鱼。并与三线矶鲈的卵和仔鱼发育的特征作了比较,以便在早期发育阶段采苗育种时做为参考依据。     

Apparent digestibility coefficients of four feed ingredients for Synechogobius hasta

Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter, crude protein, lipid, energy, phosphorus and amino acids in white fish meal, soybean meal, rapeseed meal and peanut meal were determined for Synechogobius hasta (28.65 ± 0.43 g, mean ± SD), using a reference diet with chromic oxide indicator and test diets that contained 70% reference diet, by weight, and 30% of feed ingredients. The juvenile S. hasta were held in 300 L tanks at a density of 30 fish per tank respectively. Faeces were collected from three replicate groups of fish by siphoning. The ADCs of dry matter and energy were the highest in white fish meal and the lowest in rapeseed meal ( P <0.05). Crude protein ADC was the lowest in rapeseed meal ( P <0.05) and showed no significant differences among other treatments ( P >0.05). The highest phosphorus ADC was observed in white fish meal and differences were not marked for other treatments ( P >0.05). Lipid ADC were above 90% and showed no significant differences among the treatments ( P >0.05). Amino acid availability values for the test ingredients followed similar trend to values of protein digestibility. All amino acids were more available from fish meal than from plant protein ingredients. Among three plant meals, the availability of amino acids was higher in peanut meal and lower in rapeseed meal.     

Towards an improved understanding of angler tourism in northern Australia

A human dimensions investigation into tourist anglers in a coastal recreational fishing hotspot in northern Australia is presented. Tourist anglers target one species, javelin grunter, Pomadasys kaakan (Cuvier), raising concerns about the sustainability of the fishery. Data from a survey of 427 tourist angling parties that fished in the coastal water off Karumba (Queensland) were analysed. Exploratory factor analysis was performed on angler target species and motivation for fishing to establish a typology of fishing intentions, with fishing for food found to be the principal factor. Anglers with high fishing for food factor scores were more consumptive, lower spending (per day) and more averse to any potential measures that might reduce legal possession (creel) limits or impose a cost of fishing. It was concluded that a combination of tourism and fisheries management interventions is required to safeguard Karumba's iconic javelin grunter fishery into the future. Diversification of tourist activity options can reduce the tourism industry's current reliance on high‐consumptive tourist anglers and increase the destination's appeal to non‐fishing tourists and low‐consumptive anglers. Modification of angler behaviour can be achieved through reduced possession limits for javelin grunter and possibly other target species, improved monitoring and law enforcement efforts, and targeted education and information.     

斑尾复鰕虎鱼和矛尾复鰕虎鱼同物异名的探讨

本文依据113尾标本研究表明矛复鰕虎鱼Synechogebius hasta(Temminck et schlegel)是斑尾复鰕虎鱼Synechogobius omunaturus(Richardson)的同物异名，不是两个不同的种。